1。 It is considered /thought that人们(有人,大家)认为
2。 It is generally /usually accepted /agreed/recognized that普遍(一般,通常)认为
3。 It is believed that有人(人们,大家)相信
4。 It is well—known that大家知道(众所周知)
5。 It is said that据说(有人说)
6。 It is learned that据闻(悉)
7。 It is supposed that据推测
8。 It is estimated/predicted/calculated that据估计(预计)
9。 It must be pointed that必须指出
10。 It is reported that据报道
11。 It must be admitted that必须承认
12。 It will be seen that可见(可以看出)
13。 It will be seen from this that由此可见
14。 It is understood that不用说(都知道)
15。 It can not be denied that无可否认
16。 It has been proved/demonstrated that已经证明
17。 It may be confirmed that可以肯定
18。 It may be safely said that可以有把握地说
19。 It is sometimes asked that人们有时会问
20。 It is expected that/hoped that人们希望
21。 When it comes to要说到,要谈及
荒野求生是一部野外生存小说,贝尔和他的朋友缇堪尼由于飞机坠落而在白狼荒原上求生的故事。
平时我们都生活在繁华的都市,没有去过可怕的荒野,读了这本书,让我懂得很多野外生存的技巧,贝尔把瓶子在二分之一处截开,把上部倒插入瓶底,这样一来就变成外大里小,只要放上虫子,就万事俱备——只欠东风,鱼儿会经不住美食的诱惑,愚蠢的钻进布置的“大口袋",现在鱼儿插翅难逃,从中我感到贝尔的聪明,在险境面前会利用手中的一切生存。
贝尔不仅非常机智、聪明,面对困难时显出镇静和过人的勇敢,贝尔和朋友们曾在普齐尔托克瀑布附近碰到强壮的黑熊,冒着寒光的母熊朝他们赶过来,要把他们一口吞掉似的,贝尔非常镇定,就地缩成一团,一动不动趴在地上,无论棕熊怎么对他低吼、推搡,他都无动于衷。
贝尔面对困难总是保持微笑,贝尔相信只要活着就会有希望,一切皆有可能,只要努力,任何事物都可能被你改变。有一次我在做数学时,一道题就像凶猛的老虎拦住了我,经过一阵绞尽脑汁的思考,还是没有什么进展,心中打起了退堂鼓,脑中有两个小人互相争吵,一个说:“只要努力,就会成功”,一个说:“这么难,还是别做了。”最终我选择了挑战困难,我要向他学习。
在这个寒假里,爸爸妈妈给我买了一套书,它的名字叫《荒野求生》。
他是由野外生存大师贝尔格里尔斯创作的作品。他将自己所有的.野外生存经验都写进了这本小说,书中描述了很多种的生存技巧,和解决问题的方法,它引导我们不要放弃希望,只要活着就有希望。
这本书主要讲的是:在很多的困境中,主人公少年贝克没有水、也没有食物,他就用自己的双手和智慧去度过重重难关,最后,他成功从困境中走了出来的故事。
其中,我最喜欢的片段是去非洲旅行的贝克和他的朋友彼得,在一次旅游途中,他们无意中发现了钻石xx者的秘密,被迫跳伞落到了炎热的沙漠,他们就得寻找岩石来度过寒冷的黑夜,有岩石的地方比较安全,借助星星来辨别方向,在太阳升起前用石头取水,太阳升起时水分会被蒸发……当他们经历千辛万苦才找到一个神秘的村庄,刚刚走过去,以为自己获救时,却看到xx者拿着枪出现在村子门口……最后,他们凭智慧抓住了xx者,脱离的危险。
《荒野求生》这套书告诉了我很多生存方法,比如:造床不能造在地上,要不然会被地上的虫子咬伤的,要找人的踪迹可以看脚印的方向和被踩过的树枝来辨别,还有赤脚过河只能有十分钟,要不然会体温太低而死亡……它还告诉了我一个道理:不要放弃,坚持就是成功。
在1965年5月8号上午,英国一架开往巴黎的飞机,突然在途中与雷达失去了联系,降落在一座荒岛上。
那荒岛上,环境十分恶劣,但旅客们不得不下来,这些旅客中,有人是摄影师,有人是便衣警察,有人是渔夫……,他们想从行李中找出有关救援的东西,可惜他们的行李都因飞机进水浸湿了。呆久了,身边也没有什么吃的,肚子都饿得咕咕在叫,大家个个垂头丧气,无精打采,像泄了气的皮球一样。
机长见了,连忙安抚大家说∶我们可以先生火,再看看海中有没有鱼可以捕来充饥,先解决吃的吧!大家好像看到了希望一样,由机长安排分工,一些人生火,一些人去找吃的。
可是,吃的还没找到,有人就中暑了,因饥饿、缺水晕了过去。渔夫失去耐心地说∶你看!机长,晕了那么多人,哪来什么的希望?
不行,我们继续找!留几个人照顾他们就行了,我们要活下去!机长坚定地说道。机长真不愧是个头。
我反对!你们这是见死不救!一位妇女说道。
旅客们喋喋不休发狂吵了一个多小时。有的在哭,有的'在埋怨,有的在想办法。这时,机长说∶你们安静一点,听我说……
机长还未说完,又被争吵声打断了,他顿时来气了!怒吼一声∶安静!那声音像狮子怒吼一样,人们顿时安静了下来,惊讶地看着机长。
见大家安静了下来,机长语气温和了许多,语重心长地说∶现在不是争吵的时候,我们应该团结起来,一起克服困难,想想我们该如何找方法回去。
这番话让大家冷静了下来,可却不知道怎么回去。
我们先不冒险,先找一下食物。旅客们默认了这个方案,三五成群地去找食物。可老天爷仿佛像在逗弄人们一样,让太阳回家了。天黑了,看不清环境了,大家一凑,只有三四条鱼。
机长怕大家又失去信心,鼓励说道∶旅客们!我们有吃的了!虽然少,但也是有吃的,有吃的就有了希望!大家听了,于是有了精神。
大家开始生火,在互相合作下,火越烧越旺,有人主动烤起了鱼来,虽然只有三四条,但大家也知足了,分着充饥。
第二天早上,机长对大家说∶今天我们来想想如何求救吧!大家的讨论结果都不一样,有的说大声呼救,有的说穿上鲜艳的衣服跑来跑去,还有的说就住在岛上等。
这时,摄影师说∶要不我们用石头摆救援信号?这个建议得到了大家的赞同,于是分头去搬来石头。你一块,他一块,终于凑到了不少石头,大家帮忙摆出了SOS的救援信号。
终于,在第二个月后的7月8号那天,一架飞机看见了救援信号,将那群落难的旅客救了回去。
这真是一场令人难忘的荒岛求生啊……
我忧心如焚,怎样才能找到食物充饥呢?我带着我仅有的财产
我不停的走,突然看见一条小径,小径中间的草很少,基本上没有,我又慢慢的俯下身驱细心的看了看,发现有许多不同动物的脚印,其中野羊的脚印最多。相信这条道路是野羊的必经之路吧。我学着猫步,小心翼翼的不行前进,当要靠近野羊们时,我立刻躲进了旁边的大树后面,悄悄的观察它们,它们大约有十几个成员,其中有一两只大概刚出生不久的羊羔,我悄悄的冷笑一声,心想:哼!野羊们啊!成为我的口中之食吧!
然后,我开始小心观察这里的地形,尽量不让野羊们发现我。除了我站的地方是大约一米多长宽的通往森林的.路外,野羊们的四周都是悬崖峭壁和几棵大树,在石缝里流出了一股清泉,清泉四周长满了青草和各种香料,我断定它们会在这儿停留很久,甚至过夜。这样的地形简直就是最好的打猎场,我堵在那条小径上,用斧子在那个出口地方艰难的挖了一个大约一点五米多高,长一米多长,一米半多宽的坑,然后找来一条又长又结实的树藤,一头紧紧的系在一棵大树上,另一头就扔进坑里。然后用斧头砍几根半米长,3厘米宽的树干,然后用小刀将每根树干削很尖,最后一根一根的插在陷阱里,当要插到我的脚边时,我便一只手握着树藤,脚登在前面的土上,另一只手就拿着最后一根插在我的脚刚才站的地方。插好后我便顺着树藤往地面爬去,突然树藤因为在洞口边的石头上磨了很久,如果我在往上爬的话,树藤就会被磨断,如果不爬出洞外我也会支撑不住,掉下去。就在这时树藤终于承受不住我的重量而断了,我就在这时用一眨眼的功夫,敏捷的抓住了那条系在树上的断藤。然后小心翼翼的一只手捉着断藤,一只手攀着石头爬出了洞外。出了洞后,我一边踹气一边想:好悬啊!差点野羊没有捕到,自己就得先升天了。我休息了一小会儿后,便快速的爬起来,将一些大树叶盖在上面,然后又撒了一层薄薄的土后便往山溪边走去。
哇!太好了,它们还在这里,我大胆的拿着小刀走了进去,将其它羊赶散在离我不远的地方后便瞄准了一只较年迈的老羊冲走,老羊受到惊吓便往那个陷阱跑去。随着一声惨叫,老羊的胸被削尖了的树干刺穿了,我小心的下去将树尖拔掉后,在陷阱里将老羊剥皮去毛,将肉切成小块运上洞外,然后在溪边采了点山奈、回香什么的做了一顿烤羊肉,而其余的羊我没有管它们,因为我知道一些羊的习性,所以便放心的大吃特吃。吃完后,又在通往森林的那条路口建了一堵只有我可以来去自知的石墙,将野羊关在这个山谷里,以后饿了就不用担心了。
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ……
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ……
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……
6) Never in our history has the idea that …… been so popular.
7) Faced with ……, quite a few people argue that ……
8) According to a recent survey, ……
9) With the rapid development of ……,
10 When it comes to…, (当说到…
二、列举观点
I.Some people think/believe that…,
Other argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true
1.Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.
2.Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages.
3.Compared with cars,bikes have their advantages and disadvantages. ,
4.Although computers bring people a lot of convenience,they have many disadvantages.
5....has many advantages.For example,…
6. However,just as every coin has two sides,…has it’s disadvantages.
II…play(san important role/part in……
1.Computers play an important role in science and technology.
2.Computers play a more and more important role in our life.
3.Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies.
4.Education plays an important part in developing our mind.
5.Addiction to alcohol and drugs plays a role in homelessness.
6.Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life.
7.In the past,letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication.But now,telephone,email,and fax have taken their place.
III.With the development of…
1.With the development of our economy,many Chinese families can afford a car.
2.With the development of our economy and society,pollution is more and more serious.
3.With the rapid development of Science and technology,people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home.
4.With the current social and technological developments,employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed.
5.With the rapid increase of China's population,housing problem is becoming more and more serious.
6.With more and more women entering the society,people's attitude towards women is changing.
7.With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up, an increasing number of (a growing number of,a significant number of
families can afford a car.
三、陈述自己观点
There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements,but…
四、批驳
1)It is true that ……, but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3) Some people say ……, but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that……
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for ……
7) Too much stress placed on …… may lead to ……
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ……
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ……
10) No one can deny the fact that ……
11) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
12) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ……
13) Recent studies indicate that ……
14) There is sufficient evidence to show that ……
15) According to statistics proved by ……, it can be seen that ……
五、结尾句型 :
英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨沦的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one/a word,generally speaking,to conclude等外,没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型:
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ……
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ……
3). We should take measures to control the rapidly increasing world population.
4). We’d better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams.
5). The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse.
6). Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks.
7) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ……
8) In conclusion, it is imperative that ……
9) There is no easy method, but ……might be of some help.
10) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ……
11) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
12) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.
13) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ……
14) Taking all these into account, we ……
15) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear……
六、其他句型
I、There be结构
There+be+主语+(修饰成分,表示客观存在的'人或事物。 There must be a lot of fuel in the tank.
There remains nothing more to be done.
There is no point in talking about it again.
There is something you don't know.
There is not enough time to do the work. .
II、名词化结构
名词化结构用以表明抽象思维的逻辑性和概念化,从而使语体更加正式、更加具有书面语风格。
1.由of连接主谓关系
That the earth revolves around the sun causes the changes of the seasons.
名词化:The revolution of the earth around the sun causes the changes of the seasons.
2.由0f连接动宾关系
One of the most important natural phenomena is that energy is transmitted from one point to another in waves.
名词化:One of the most important natural phenomena is the transmission of energy from one point to another in waves.
3.用of连接含有by的短语,把简单句转换成名词短语
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