想高效的阅读,不妨假设你读完这本书,就要去讲给你的孩子,家人,朋友。告诉他们这本书讲了什么内容?有哪些内容让你有所启迪?哪些内容对他们也有借鉴意义?
带着这样的目的读书,还有个好处,就是你在阅读的时候,你会思考,思考的同时,就会把书中的新知识和已有的旧知识进来连接互动。这个连接互动的过程,也是对提取强度的正向刺激,也是对你知识框架的重新梳理。把这个动作培养成一种生活习惯,慢慢积累,你就会变成别人眼中那种有想法的人。
输出主要方式有两种,口头表达和写作。
口头表达,强调语言的逻辑性和画面感。写作强调是,用网状的思考,以树状的结构,用线性的语句表达出来。
你可能会说我既不是演说家,也不是作家。我没有这样的机会表达,怎么办?
虽说你不是演说家,但是你总有一些当众讲话的场合吧。比如,同学聚会和朋友聚餐,少聊些没有营养的八卦。抓住冷场的机会,整理好思路,分享下自己最近的读书心得,这不但让人感觉你是个有趣味的人,同时也能化解冷场的尴尬。再比如,公司开会向领导汇报工作,哪个领导不喜欢说话有条理,思维严谨,时不时的还能引经据典的得力下属。
再说写作,生活中让你锻炼的机会就更多了。比如,朋友圈你转发一篇文章,就可以表达下自己的观点,或是发一个状态,表达一下此刻的感受。告诉你的朋友:我是个有思想,有态度的人。
上几天听我老婆说,他们公司领导现在发个朋友圈都得先在本子上打草稿。乍一听有点小题大做,但我觉得他们领导很专业。因为微信做为一款社交工具,朋友圈里不仅仅有你的家人和朋友。可能还会有你的领导、下属、同事、客户、生意伙伴、潜在的合作者等。
互联网时代,我们每个人都是自己的CEO,都要树立自己的品牌形象。如果你想管理别人对你的印象,那你就得用心经营。朋友圈里的每一次表达,都是一次塑造自己个人品牌的机会。经营好你的个人品牌,才是你个人长期的、移动的铁饭碗!所以,下次再读完一本书,好好斟酌下,去朋友圈发个状态吧。
希望这些读书方法对你有帮助,一句话送给爱读书的你:凡有所读,皆成性格!
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
Take your time
For thousands of years, animals have trodden a slow path, their spirits together with the body. But our human being's transportation is too fast. The body moves but the soul is left behind. We try to free ourselves in convenience, but we only imprison the soul. Since we invented how to count hours, we do everything to short the time, short the deadline. But the time saved can't be shorten. Nowadays, we spend lots of time staying in front of a TV just changing the channels, while we have no time to talk with a good friend or play with our family. We have plenty of time to search old news on the internet, while we hardly think about our life. In the end, the only thing apparent is our loneliness.
Take your time, please. Try to follow the natural steps and have your own clock. Try to share your time with everybody you love, share your mind, your happiness and sadness. Try to read the world we live in, do not only catch a quick glimpse at the society.Someday, when we know how to spend every second in our life, we can then live our own life.
花了两个半下午的时间把这本书看完了,本意是要学习里面的方法的,记忆中隐约记得,有些,我是有用过的。
选书,我一般没有特别的标准,但爱好会偏悬疑类,不过,我什么类型的书都会看的(因为心里有个写书的梦,所以要多吸纳各行各业的知识。现阶段的书,我都是从关注的公众号上面所推荐的书来买的,公众号里面的文章会有作者介绍及书的详情解说,我感兴趣的,就会记下书名。近段时间,就是通过《书单来了》,了解到村上春树的偶像约翰·欧文,一下就买了他的三本书。
购书,就像书上写的,网络是个不适合熟读的环境,相反,纸媒则更适合花时间慢慢读,我也偏好纸体,只买纸体的,不过,电子书也看的哈;纸书类一般偏有价值的,是要收藏的,电子书就是偏娱乐类的了。
读书,我是喜欢读书的,可像书里所说的,有没有认真读呢,你读过后,又记得多少呢?现在回想,有的书,只能记得大概内容,有的书,只认得书名了,内容几乎忘了,有的书,也是看了几遍了,不过,是那悬疑类的,哈哈,那是我爱好中的爱好了。
读书记录,我以前从来没有思考过这个问题,只是有一直做梦,我要写书,写文章,但从来没有实践过,无导师,不知从何下手,关于这本书,也是凑巧(觉得做梦,也该行动了,就百度了知道的,哈哈。
从阅读这本书开始,我要坚持写读书笔记。读完一本书后写,就是不管多么简陋的一句话,我都应该转化成文字落在纸上,把自己当下的想法及心理过程给记录下来。
记忆中,我是看了不少书的,对了,我看书的速度也是想当的快呢,但是真正记在脑中的并没有什么,因为掌握了再多的信息,如果没有积极的输出,也无法形成知识体系的,所以,以后每一本书,包括重拾以前阅读过的书,都要写读书笔记及读后感,要写文章呀,做好了笔记才是写好文章的基础,提高了思想输出的质量,写作技巧才会大幅度提升。
活动,虽然喜欢看书,但是线下类的读书活动或是讲座,我从来没有去过。一嘛,是因为经济原因;二嘛,性格原因,不喜欢嘈杂的环境。现在起呢,我要改变,关注长沙大型书店官方信息,定期免费的讲座及研讨会,都要积极报名。
最后,关于书里讲的,去实体店购书,当下,是互联网时代,我看中的书都是网购了,几乎没有去过实体店了,关于迷惘购书,及在书店浪费太多时间,好久没有过了哦,这点,我还是有目的性的。
旧书店,印象中去过一两次吧,对于旧书,没有什么概念,再说,对于“古书”,我向来“迷惑”,所以,再也没有光顾过了,记忆中,岳麓山下有一家,天气好转,去爬爬山,也去店里淘淘,就是不知,现在还在不在。
很多人吐槽“听了很多道理,依然过不好这一生!”。这其中最重要的原因是,多数人只停留在听这个层面,有一部分人停留在听懂这个层面,只有很少一部分人是不但听懂,而且还去做了。
读书也是一样的道理。比如读完《小狗钱钱》这本书,你可能对“会下金蛋的鹅”印象深刻,你也懂得理财的八字真言:多买资产,少买负债。那你就应该马上践行这个想法:首先,开始记账。然后,通过记账减少那些不必要的开支。最后,去买那只“会下金蛋的鹅”——资产。
再举个例子,有10个好友看我投资指数基金收益不错,想进一步了解。我先推荐给他们一本《指数基金投资指南》,一个月后得知,有7个人买了这本书,有3个人读完了这本书,最后只有1个人开了户,经常和我交流,而且已经开始定投了。
正所谓“纸上得来终觉浅,绝知此事要躬行”,要想过好这一生你得去践行。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
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