英语二小作文都考什么类型作文【一】
伍谦光(1995∶199指出:“‘词汇歧义’是指由于对句子中某一个词的意义有不同的理解而产生的歧义。”
2.1因“一词多义”(Polysemy引起的歧义
Robert.A.Hall指出“人们在各种不同场合赋予一个词以各种不同的意义。这些意义自然也就是这个词的真正涵义”(周立人,1997∶4。由此可见,一个词的词义往往是多义的。侯国金(1998∶66说:“一个词若具备两个或两个以上的意义便是‘多义词’。”因此,用多义词造句就可能产生歧义。当然,只要我们把多义词放到一定的语境里,一般可以避免歧义。不过有时我们会遇到一个多义词的两个不同意义在句子中都讲得通,这样,句子就产生了歧义。下面是一些实例:
2.1.1名词
(12Mr.Smith gave me a ring yesterday.
句子中的ring可理解为“戒指”,也可理解为“打电话”。
2.1.2动词
(13He painted a tree.
此句中的painted可作“涂上油漆”解,也可作“用颜料画”解。
2.1.3形容词
(14It is hard.
句中的hard可作“艰难的”解,又可作“坚硬的”解。
2.1.4副词
(15The man was walking backwards.
句中的backwards可作“向后”解,又可作“背朝后”解。
2.1.5介词
(16The vase is on the television.
此句中的on,可作“在……之上”解,也可作“上了电视屏幕”解。
2.1.6连词
(17Oil the machine in case it gets rusty.
句中的in case可解释为“以防”,也可解释为“如果”或“当……时候(尤其在美国英语中”。
2.1.7代词
(18You should be quiet.
句中的You可以是主格第二人称代词“你,你们”,也可以是不定人称代词,泛指“任何人”。
2.1.8数词
(19She is a mother of sixteen.
句中的基数词sixteen既可作“十六岁”解,又可作“十六个孩子”解。
2.1.9冠词
(20It can be moved by a child.
句中的不定冠词a既有数量的概念,即“one”的意义,也有种类的概念,即指孩子,而不是大人或其它什么东西。
2.2因“完全同形同音异义词”(Perfect homonyms引起的`歧义
林承璋(1997∶82认为:“同形同音异义是指两个或两个以上的词具有相同形式不同意义的现象。”具体来说,同形同音异义词是指意义不同、读音和拼写都相同或意义不同、但在读音或拼写某一方面相同的词。
完全同形同音异义中的B类由于读音、拼写和词性都相同,所以易引起歧义。下面是一些实例:
(21a.John drove to the bank.
b.He was attracted by the ball.
c.The tourists passed the port at midnight.
这三个例句中的bank,ball,port都属于完全同形同音异义词,即读音、拼写和词性都相同,但由于意义不同而引起了歧义。例(21a中的bank既可以理解为“银行”,又可以理解为“河岸”。例(21b中的ball既可以理解为“球”,又可以理解为“正式舞会”。例(21c中的port既可以理解为“港口”,又可以理解为“葡萄酒”。
英语二小作文都考什么类型作文【二】
Do you ever watch movies from other countries? Whenever I do, I think about how similar people really are all around the world. Even though the cultures and languages in those movies are different from mine, people all around the world are alike in their goals and emotions.
One time, I saw a movie made in china that showed parents helping their children with their homework. . My parents helped me the same way. Another time I saw a movie from Argentina. It showed school children playing hide and seek, which is a game I used to play with my friends during recess. Seeing these films demonstrated to me that education is a common goal in every country. Parents want their children to learn so their lives will improve. It also showed me that children in schools everywhere wants to play with their friends. Sometimes the games are similar to ours and sometimes they’re different. Still, they all have the common purpose of fun and learning to work together.
Earning a living is another common goal. I’ve often seen that in movies about other countries. In some countries, people choose their careers from what they like and are good at. In other countries, careers are chosen for them following the traditions of their families. But in every country it seems that people care a great deal about earning a living, and working hard is respected.
Showing people having fun together is always an important part of any movies, no matter what country it comes from. People everywhere want to be entertained, and want to spend time with their families and friends. Different cultures sometimes enjoy different activities, but all cultures enjoy some form of sports, music and dancing.
The movies I’ve seen make it clear to me that no matter the cultural differences between countries, people everywhere have the same basic needs and goals.
英语二小作文都考什么类型作文【三】
目前，学校存在少数学生考试作弊现象。
某英文杂志社拟对此现象向中学生征文，标题是“My Opinion on Cheating in Examinations”。
请根据下列提示用英语写一篇征文稿。
内容要点如下：
注意：1．短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；
2．短文标题与开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
3．词数：100左右。
4．参考词汇：作弊cheat（v.）
My Opinion on Cheating in Examinations
It is known to us all that some students cheat in examinations at school.____________
One possible version
My Opinion on Cheating in Examinations
It is known to us all that some students cheat in examinations at school.
As students, we often take examinations at school, but sometimes we have too many examinations which are too difficult for us. On the other hand, some of us are lazy and don’t work hard at their lessons. So when taking examinations, they sometimes cheat in order to get better results to please their parents and teachers.
In my opinion, it is wrong to cheat in examinations because it breaks the rules of schools. We students should be honest and try to get good results by studying hard instead of cheating in examinations. What’s more, we should improve our study methods and get well prepared for examinations.
