导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
前苏联心理学家维果斯基的“最近发展区理论”认为,最近发展区是学生的现有水平和学生可能的发展水平之间的差距。教学应首先明确学生的最近发展区,从而有针对性的选择教学内容,这让的选择会使内容难易程度更加适合学生的需要,调动学生的积极性,发挥其潜能,超越其最近发展区,在此基础上进入下一个发展区。
美国心理学家布卢姆提出了“掌握学习理论”。“掌握学习理论”认为学生学习中成绩的不尽如人意的主因不是学生的智力因素,而是没有适当的学习条件和恰当的帮助造成的。如果每个学生都能得到良好的学习条件,那么学生的学习效果是没有多大差别的。
人本主义的代表人物罗杰斯认为,人的本性是积极向上的,向上的动力来源于自身的许多不同层次的需求,人在不断满足自我需求中来“自我实现”。因此,教育的目标应该和个体的需求应该是一致的。人本主义理论强调尊重学生的个性,充分调动学生的积极性,发挥学生的潜能,使其在主动的参与中来享受自身价值的快乐。而高职英语分层教学的`开展,能够更大限度的尊重学生的个性,发挥其潜能,使“以学生为中心”的理念更加充分的体现。一、分层标准的确定。在实际操作中,很多院校的分层都是以入学成绩或是入学后某次测试的成绩为依据的。学生的单次成绩的偶然性是很大的,并不一定能够客观的反映学生的基础知识掌握程度和接受能力。另外,对于分层标准的划定。由于缺乏量化的实验数据的支持,很难划出区分层次的临界点,而现实操作中通常是以各个层次学生人数的平衡为目标的,而这样的划定结果并不一定能够将所有学生都分入恰当的层次,即有的学生由于学校教学班级人数的要求而进入了不一定适合他的班级。二、评估方式的确定。同一专业班级不同分层班级的学生的考试内容是否应该相同?是同一种考核方式还是有所区分?如果考试内容不同,试卷难度如何达到统一?试卷难度相对较大的班级学生的成绩是否应该确定一个大于1的系数?系数如何确定?三、学生自尊心受到影响。如果没有进行有效的解释和沟通,让学生真正认识到分层教学的意义和对自己学习的益处,低层次班级的学生会在心理上排斥这种教学方式。学生的自信心和积极性一旦受到伤害,学习效果会大打折扣。四、分层教学的开展会引起榜样的缺失。同一层次的学生区别不大,那么学生之间就会找不到学习的榜样,找不到努力学习的参照物,学生会感到方向的迷失。因此分层教学的开展必须有周密的计划安排,操作不当,反而会影响学生潜能的发挥。
总之,高职英语分层教学是有其教学理论和心理学依据的,它的目的就是要尊重个体,体现差异,满足个性化需求。同时,分层教学也对学校的教学管理和学生管理提出了更高的要求。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
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