今天,通过爱课程网观看了《项目价值提升的艺术---工程造价》这次视频教学。
一个项目成功的标准是什么?项目成功的实质是建设工程项目成功,即以最优的资源配置有效地实现项目利益相关者的需求。项目成功,既包括项目管理的成功又包括项目本身的成功,项目管理的成功是指满足质量、工期、成本的计划要求,项目本身的成功是实现项目价值。项目的成功的评价指标是指衡量项目价值不能单单考虑时间、成本和质量等因素,还要从项目产品的整体价值来进行评价。应该怎么提升项目价值的思想与路径?在项目管理中,项目价值体现为项目的可交付成果满足项目利益相关者的不同需求的能力和完成项目所耗费的资源的多少。
在项目的实施过程中所耗费资源越少,或者项目利益相关者需求满足得越好,项目的价值就越高。提升项目价值的路径有成本缩减型,技能提高型,复合型,扩大成长型。全生命周期价值管理,可建筑性,可施工性理论,设施管理理论对项目价值提升意义重大。思想的转变、工具的前沿性发展将大力推动中国工程项目管理迈向世界一流水平。
从所有利益相关者角度出发,以项目价值提升为导向,均衡满足价值诉求,实现多方向价值诉求的帕累托最优,达到价值体系稳定状态,提高项目价值。一个项目价值提升的基础是可建筑性、可施工性,项目可建筑性、可施工性分析是为了更好地实现项目的目标,要求施工人员尽早地参与项目的规划、设计、采购等阶段工作,将施工与知识等应用大项目实施的全过程中,避免了传统的设计与施工分离所带来的问题。
评课既是教研活动,又是科研活动。它都在教学实践和教学理论之间架起一座桥梁。它既是一个验证理论,指导实践的过程,也是一个实践操作、升华为理论的过程。在听评课中可以学习吸收大量的教学理论、经验和先进的教改信息,在执教中去运用。也可把自己的经验总结概括形成理论。如此循环反复,教师的教学业务素质必然会有很大的提高。
另外,评课也是教育同行进行教材分析、教法研究、教学经验交流的一种好形式。一位哲学家说:“你有一个苹果,我有一个苹果,彼此交换以后还是一个苹果;如果你有一个思想,我有一个思想,彼此交换以后,每个人就是两个思想。”所以,教师之间开展听评课活动,就能达到交流教学经验、切磋教艺的目的。
第一讲:创业改变人生
“过去三十多年,中国几次涌动的创业大潮现在已经进入到了全民创业的时代。人生因创业而精彩,世界因创业而美好。在信息高度发达的今天,众多创业机会摆在每个人的面前,我们该如何面对?”这是《创业管理》第一讲“创业改变人生”的开讲词。当大学生面临就业难、毕业就等于失业的时候,我们是否思考过,我们的前途在哪里,我们将来的路该怎样走下去?学习《创业管理》课程,我想会从中得到一些答案。
《创业管理》第一讲“创业改变人生”分五个部分讲解:1、解读,创业内涵特征。2、中国,创业涌动热潮。3、人生,因创业而精彩。4、世界,因创业而美好。5、创业,要激情更要理性。看完本集的内容,对创业的一个源头性的问题有了一定的了解,对于自己接下来的人生路怎样去走,有了一些比较有意义的思考。学完这集,主要有以下几点感想:
一、大学生应该积极地投身于创新创业的热潮中,积极主动的改变就业方式和就业途径,在自己的不懈奋斗中实现属于自己的“中国梦”,实现自己的人生价值。
二、创业,并不是一时的激情,而是要在充分的考虑下积极谋划,理性思考的产物。创业,一要有激情,只有有了激情,才能不顾一切的困难去实现自己的梦想;二是要有理性,要认真的思考自己为什么创业,怎样创业,创业不成功怎么办。只有把这些都考虑清楚以后,才能更好地创好业。
第二讲:创意源自生活
“在现代社会激烈竞争的环境下,创业者要想获得成功必须善于抓住市场机会,而市场机会的捕捉很重要的一点是要有创意。只要人人都能成为有心人,创意必将帮助我们走上创业成功的康庄大道。”第二讲的开讲词,一语中的,道出了创业的先导创意的来源。大家可能整天都在苦思冥想:想创业的商机在哪儿?想怎样才能找到一个比较好的市场切入点,从而加快创业的步伐。其实,就像中国的那句老话:“远在天边,近在眼前”。其实商机无所不在,我们缺乏的,就是一双对生活仔细观察的眼睛。所以,只要我们留心身边人群的需求,留心生活,
我们就会找到属于自己的创业着眼点。
本讲主要从创意的概念,创意的来源,创意改变创业三个方面展开,让我们看了以后更加清晰地认识到生活中的创意对创业是何等的重要,这就警醒我们时时留心生活,用一双火热的眼睛去注视生活,从中发现对自己的成功有用的东西。
第三讲:审时度势
“没有一个创业机会是完美的,是否决定创业,还要由创业者根据自己的条件,分析机会带来的收益和风险是否能平衡,以及外部环境状况等因素,在综合考虑以后,作出理性选择。”开讲词如是说。意思是说,创业不是一件简单的事情,而是要经过深思熟虑,精密安排的。在这些决策的做出时,重要的一点便是审时度势。审时度势,就是要我们有敏锐的眼光,适时抓住商机,一举创业,一举成功。
本讲主要讲述了如下内容:1、创业者自身的素质。2、创业态度的认知。3、创业模式的审悉。4、创业机会的评估。
在第一部分的讲解中,梅教授主要讲解了创业者自身应该具备的一些素质,这部分主要是举例成功人士的素质,比如说霍英东所具备的的素质:吃苦精神。还有李嘉诚的商业品德,江南春的创新精神等。确实,要想创业,第一要考量的就是自己是否具有创业需要的素质。在学了本集后,更加的让自己重视起自己专业素质的培养。
通过这讲,我们更加清晰的知道创业者需要具备哪些东西,并不断地完善自我,达成成功所需的条件。
第四讲:结伴同行创业路
“创业,是自己“千里走单骑”,还是与人合伙集体上阵打天下?创业团队中有的成员“一山难容二虎”令事业半途而废;有的却精诚团结,干出了一番大事业。创业者们如何结伴同行创业路?”开篇说的话,对每一个创业的人来说都是相当重要的,在创业的道路上,到底是以团队的方式创业好呢还是一个人“单干”好呢?
中国有句古话:众人拾柴火焰高。讲的就是团队的力量。本讲主要从创业的.方式及一些需要注意的问题入手,来向大家剖析创业路上以怎样的走下去会更好。主要分为以下四个方面讲解:1、单干,还是合伙。2、同行,与谁结伴。3、
星状,还是网状。4、好聚,亦要好散。
通过对本讲的学习,知道了创业的几种方式有单干,合伙,星状和网状。更加有清晰认识和明确的是创业后的分配问题。正如俞敏洪对想创业的大学生说的:创业之前一定要先明确创业成功后的分配方案。是的,只有在开始干之前就说好了以后怎样分配,才会在接下来的创业征程中走得更远。
第五讲:融资助力创业
“没有资金,创业就不能启动;资金不足,创业就不能持续。因缺乏创业资金,创业者放弃创业的例子非常普遍,融资问题对创业的起步乃至后续的发展都起着非常大的作用。”创业最终要的资源之一就是资金,所谓:三军未动,粮草先行。
本讲通过对创业项目启动资金需求预测、创业起步和成长阶段融资方式的精彩讲解,让我们了解创业如何进行融资。在先导案例中讲述了上海的一个人想开一个超市,他对资金的一个规划时觉得自己的资金是远远不足以开办一个超市的,但是天无绝人之路,小周通过上海浦发银行贷了初步的启动资金,成功的开办了自己的小超市。开篇就讲了创业中资金的重要性。
本讲主要讲了一下三项内容:一是创业项目启动资金需要多少,二是创业起步融资方式有哪些,三是创业成长融资方式有哪些。通过对这一讲的学习,我们知道了怎样去估算一个创业项目的启动资金,为自己以后创业打下了基础,还知道创业项目从出生到长大的过程中融资的方式,为我们合理的,多途径的融资奠定了基础,更能促进创业的成功。
第六讲:创业导航
“创业既需要激情,也需要理性,合理的创业计划是行动纲领,创业计划书指明了拟创企业想完成的目标及达到目标的路径,在创业过程中起指路导航作用。”开篇导语的意思就是创业过程中需要有一个提纲挈领的东西,对整个创业计划有个完整的安排,能使创业过程变得更加的稳操胜券,那就是创业的神器:创业计划书。
本讲对创业计划书的概念、作用、读者、格式、内容进行了详细的讲解,让我们对创业计划书的撰写有一个相对全面的了解,对以后创业有极大的帮助。
值得注意的是,创业计划书是在对拟创企业发展的事前预测,很可能实际创
业时面临的情况与当初设想有严重出入,必须及时对创业计划进行修订。当我们写就创业计划书,并在创业过程中开始实施时,一定要根据实际情况作出更改,以确保创业计划的顺利实施,稳步前行。
第七讲:网络创业正当时
“网络已经融入了我们生活的每一天,离开了网络,也就离开了21世纪。大学生是最具活力的群体,是新技术和新潮流的引导者,越来越多的大学生投身网络创业,掀起了一浪高过一浪的网络创业热潮。”网络创业,正式现在的时尚。
有人说过,二十一世纪是计算机的时代。当代人离开了网络,可能无法生活。这就给我们提供了一个相当有价值的信息:网络创业,已经成为最普遍的创业方式之一。
本讲主要从什么是网络创业,网络创业的特点,网络创业的而形式,网络创业的注意点四个方面来对网络创业进行了较为全面的梳理,让我们清晰的知道在网络创业的过程中要根据网络创业的特点,形式以及网络创业的注意点来进行创业。
值得注意的是,在创业的过程中,我们要注意以下几点:1、做好充分准备,包括相应的技能。2、专注并坚持。在创业的过程中会遇到许多坎坷,我们只有坚持,坚持再坚持才能到达成功的彼岸。3、持续创新。在互联网上要不断的创新才能时时处于先进的水平。4、注重口碑。这就要求我们要注重商誉,要诚信经营。
第八讲:借风使船
“创业者在创业过程中难免会遇到各种各样的困难,非常需要外部力量的支持,需要政府和社会的关心、帮助。如果把创业过程比作驶船过程的话,扶持政策是风,创业者就是舵手,巧借风力,可以起到事半功倍的效果。”在看到这句话的时候,我最先想到的是诸葛亮草船借箭,他巧妙的运用天时与地利达成了自己的目的。这在创业中也是相当重要的,一个人的力量是有限的,创业要成功,很大程度上取决于对外力的合理借用。
本讲通过讲解资金、税收、服务、培训、环境等5个方面的创业扶持,让我了解到在创业的过程中可以通过外界的相关帮助来实现自己的创业梦。
在创业过程中借风使船,还要注意一下问题:1、要借东风,不借歪风。在寻求帮助的途径上一定要采取合法的方式,让自己的企业健康的成长。2、一切方式都要合法。不能冒着违法的危险借风。3、“团结一切可以团结的力量”,在企业的初创阶段要善用一切可用的资源,借助各方力量,共同助力创业成功。
要很好的达到教学目标就要求老师在课前认真的做教学设计。好的教学设计就是达到教学目标的正确道路。教师要灵活运用教材对教材可根据实际删减或增加。这句话说的容易,我们不但要了解自己的学生,更要深度吃透文本和挖掘文本。例如Unit 9 What can I do? 《湖南少儿出版社》如果学生的程度一般就以What can I do?You can...。为主来进行处理。如果学生的程度高就可以扩展到PART G What shall we do with…联系生活,告诉学生当别人遇到困难时怎么办。如老奶奶过马路,同学生病等。倡导能力所及的见义勇为。这样一堂课学生收获良多。老师也不会觉的无话可说。同时课文PART G得到了深度挖掘,灵活运用了教材。在第二章第七节(鲜明的教学特色)里,看到了刘老师在一堂Read and Write课型中,只要生掌握 home、room、school、classroom四个单词,内容简单而又枯燥,但刘老师对教材进行整理时结合学生的生活实际,使教学内容生活化,学生们感到很亲切,有实实在在的东西可让他们参照,可让他们表达,而不像我们平时上课时只用几张图片了事,教学效果相差很大。从课例中可以看到刘老师在备课时的灵活性,使教学内容更贴近学生生活,成为学生关心的、感兴趣的话题,使教学获得了满意的效果。又如通过对邱老师和王老师两堂课例的对比,使我懂得了一堂好课不仅仅满足于学生知识的获得,更要充分发挥师生双方在教学中的主动性和创造性,选用有效的教学方法,培养学生积极的.学习态度,改变“死读书,读死书”的问题,促进学生自主学习。
初稿
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money -it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
自评
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:23
互评(刘兴顺评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:23
互评(战越评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:
互评(李春霞评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:
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