学校是我们学习的天堂,学校是我们成长的摇篮,这里也是文明的圣地,文明时时刻刻都在我们心中。
我,湖北省枣阳市第三实验小学四(4班的一名普通小学生,在学校举行的“文明在我心中”活动中,被评为“文明小卫士”。
我每天去学校的第一件事,就是把垃圾桶内的废纸、塑料袋等倒进垃圾箱里去,好让同学们再往里面扔。倒完垃圾后,我又来打扫教室,我用塑料袋把地上的纸装起来,放进桶里,再把桌椅摆齐。这时,同学们也陆续来了,他们有的抢扫帚扫地,有的擦黑板,还有的倒垃圾,个个有说有笑。
一天早上,我依旧在楼梯道捡垃圾,正当我走到三楼时,迎面走来了一位大哥哥,把嘴里吃的泡泡糖随口吐在了地上,我见了连忙跑了过去,拦住那位大哥哥,说道:“大哥哥,你不应该这么做!”“我这么做怎么了,你管不着。”我说:“请赶快把泡泡糖捡起来。”他说:“你算老几。想让我捡,哼,没门!”我反驳道:“大哥哥,如果我们学校每一个人都像你一样,那么你想想我们的校园会怎么样呢?”他看我一本正经的样子,口气也缓和了一些,说:“嗯,有那么一丁点儿道理,好吧,我认了。”他用手捡起了泡泡糖,扔进了垃圾桶里。这时,有一位老师正好经过这里,夸我说:“你做得真好!”我摸了摸头笑了。
每当我看到我胳膊上的文明徽章,我就不由自主地想起了令我惭愧的事来。那次我在校门口买了一支新钢笔,拆开包装袋,便顺手把塑料袋扔到了地上,正当我美滋滋地欣赏着钢笔时,一瞬间,我看见了它——鲜艳的徽章,脸不由得红了,赶紧弯腰捡起那个袋子。那红艳艳的徽章,时刻跟随着我,鞭策着我,让我离文明更近,更近……
在我们全校师生的共同努力下,终于,我们学校被评为“十佳文明校园”的光荣称号,这是我们的骄傲和自豪。
文明就在我们身边,我们会不经意地流露它,有时文明离我们有几十公分的距离,有时可能只有十几公分的宽度,又有时就只有一张纸的厚度,就看你愿不愿走近它。文明在我心中,让我们从现在做起,从点滴做起,为建立和谐家园作出自己的贡献。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
如果你失去了今天,你不算失败,因为明天会再来。
如果你失去了金钱,你不算失败,因为人生的价值不在于钱袋。
如果你失去了文明,你是彻彻底底的失败,因为你已经失去了做人的真谛。
文明涵盖了人与人、人与社会、人与大自然的关系。它的主要作用。一是维护公众利益、公共秩序,二是追求个人道德完善。
说到文明礼仪,我想起了一个故事:有一次我在公交车站等候汽车,天上下着倾盆大雨,车一来,大家都争先恐后地上车,可等来的却是一辆满座的汽车,我只好让给别人先上车;突然,我看到一位抱着婴儿的母亲,被人挤到了一边,那位母亲不小心撞到了一位中学生,这时,中学生说:“你撞到我了,连一句道歉的话也没有,真是没修养!”还翻了一个白眼给了那位母亲。时间一分一秒地过去了,车上的人也越来越少了,我好不容易才等上了一个座位,看到那位母亲,一直没能坐下,而旁边的人却若无其事,我起来说:“阿姨,您请坐吧!”“谢谢!谢谢!”她感激的说,我说:“不用谢!这是我应该做的。”这时,大家都投来了赞许的目光!
我会坚持礼仪,并用我的行动带动大家、影响大家!
古人说,“不学礼,无以立”。就是说,你不学习“礼”,就没法在社会中立足。
那么,什么是礼仪呢?简单地说,礼仪就是律己、敬人的一种行为规范,是表现对他人尊重和理解的过程。学习礼仪不仅可以增强个人素质,还能够改善人际关系。
作为具有5000年文明史的“礼仪之邦”,讲文明、用礼仪,也是弘扬中华民族文化、展示中华民族精神的重要途径。
其实做一个讲文明的人很简单,从自我做起,从身边做起。文明也许是一张纸的厚度,也许是一点耐心的等待,也许是一句善良的问候,更也许只是一个微笑。一言一行总关情,在不经意间,我们传播着热情,关爱,友谊和尊重。
我们从小接受文明礼仪的教育,很多同学都可以滔滔不绝地大谈文明礼仪。可是看见校园中随处丢弃的小食品袋,饮料瓶,听着某些同学口中吐出的脏话,怎能不教人痛心疾首呢!难道我们都是“语言的巨人,行动的矮人”么?
“中国欲存争于天下,其首在立人,人立而后凡事举。”“立人”的意思就是要完善人的思想和文明修养,人的文明修养并不是与生俱来的,而是靠后天不断完善的。
在我们的校园内、楼梯上总能见到与我们美丽的校园极不和谐的纸屑,甚至有的同学认为:反正有值日的同学和清洁工打扫,扔了又何妨;再例如有的同学在教学楼走廊上推推搡搡,追逐打闹把这些都早已习以为常;甚至还有同学会故意损坏学校的公物。我们很多同学把文化知识的学习放在首位,而常常忽略了社会公德的培养和文明习惯的养成,而这并不应该是我们21世纪中学生的'作为。事实上,良好的行为习惯,是我们顺利学习的前提,也是树立健康人格的基础。
南开大学校长在镜子上写了一句箴言:“面必争,发必理,衣必整,钮必结,头容正,肩容平,胸容宽,背容直,气象勿傲勿怠,颜色宜和宜静宜装。”作为一个中学生,我们必须明白自己的仪表起码必须符合学校的气氛和学生的身份,保持大方、得体的仪表,是对老师同学的一种尊重。
文明是我们学习和生活的根基,是我们素质的前沿。千真万确学做人,就是说的学习先应学做人,学做文明人,学做社会人,文明校园,文明环境,就让我们从自身做起,从一件小事做起,让文明礼仪伴我们成长!
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