2009年夏季,偶像剧《一起来看流星雨》红极一时,所有关于“流星雨”的商品被抢购一空,在观众的强烈要求下,第二部续集开始拍摄,将在2010年8月7日上映。
我们一般在看偶像剧时,只看人物的表面剧情,不去了解主演背后付出的努力。在小考结束后,老师让我们彻底放松了一下,允许我们在学校看《一起来看流星雨》,决定宣布以后,全班同学目瞪口呆,心想:老师没发烧吧?怎么会主动让我们看“流星雨”呢?平日在家中看“流星雨”被家长训斥,还被戴上了不务正业、不好好学习的黑帽子。唉!在大人眼中,明星、演员都是“四无青年”,不求上进,而我们追星的举动更是令他们勃然大怒,今天老师这么一反常态,会不会有“陷阱”呢?正在同学们忐忑不安的猜想时,老师已经打开了电脑,准备播放“流星雨”,同学们像是被施了定针法似的,眼睛一动不动地盯着屏幕。时间过得真快,一眨眼到了10点了,老师忽然关掉了视频,同学们立即抱怨起来,接着,老师打开了“流星雨”各位主演的资料,让我们深入了解他们的背后故事、成长经历。在看郑爽的资料时,同学们惊叫不断,资料中有段文字十分引人注目:“郑爽在16岁时考取了北京电影学院”,她要比同龄人早3年上大学。在拍戏过程中,演员们在夏季要穿很厚的服装,所以经常是一副汗流浃背的样子。张翰有轻微恐高症,却经常要在高处拍戏,但在他的努力下,克服了困难,使拍戏顺利进行。朱梓骁和魏晨因角色缘故,为了培养双方的默契,除吃饭睡觉时间以外,都要呆在一起。看完资料,老师语重心长的说:“看偶像剧不能只看人物外表,要学习他们身上那种迎难而上的精神和克服困难的勇气。”我们这才恍然大悟,老师为什么会主动让我们观看“流星雨”,原来是为了教育我们,真是用心良苦啊!
确实,我们在看偶像剧时,不能盲目的去追星,要像老师所说那样,学习他们的精神,把他们作为自己的榜样,视为行动的动力,争取做“高层次”追星。
岁晚江南杨柳花,余杭门外蕊争发。千山犹绿怜霜叶,一夜忽白染碧葭。——飞花《咏雪》。
——题记
马上期末了,这可是进入初中的第一次大考,对于谁都是一场挑战,胜败在此一举,我的心也浮躁了起来。晚上我常常睡不着,害怕梦魇的来到,白天一早就起来,复习努力,焦虑不已。
母亲发现了这一反常现象,决定带我们两姐弟去看雪。
在我的记忆里,六盘水很少下雪,就算下雪,也下的不大,根本达不到可以堆雪人,打雪仗的地步。但今天天公很合作,来了一场少见的大雪,我本以为母亲看到大雪会放弃这场看雪之旅,可母亲本就是个就是个倔强的人,执意要带我们去看雪。
看雪的地方不远,就在家后面的山上,雪虽然很大,但大树将雪挡在头顶,活像一顶白色的毡帽。偶尔有几片小雪花飘进来,是一片诗意浓浓。小草也争着亮个相,冬虽冷但小草仍不比春时差,反倒更亮更绿了。梅花还未绽放,淡粉色的花瓣将蕊紧紧裹住,琥珀一般的叶儿,托举着花儿包,枝条看似凌乱,却更有韵味,虽然它还未张开眼来看这世界,但它的香味却已告知人们它的存在,可谓是还未见真身,先闻清香。山上有一个湖,说实话,这湖已经是很亮,很清的了,算是现在少见的清澈的湖,冬天本就冷,再加上雪来捣蛋,湖里只能隐隐约约看见几条鱼的影子,蝌蚪也没几只,湖一下子变得冷清了,但还是很翠很美。凉都的冬很美,树依旧如春天般苍翠挺拔,梅更美,草仍绿,湖还翠。
雪虽然大,但来看雪的人却未少。一路走来,我们常常遇见熟人:带着自闭孙子的发廊奶奶,说起来她还是很可怜的。原本她开着个发廊打算晚年就在发廊中度过,可孙子突然患上了自闭症,在家里无人照料,她把发廊买了,回家一心一意的照顾孙子,上学的'路上经常看到她一遍一遍教孙子讲话的样子。孙子很调皮,在去康复学校时经常在公交车上乱动,引得很多人的不满而牵连到她……除了她还有身残志坚努力上学的残疾哥哥,儿子不孝却依旧乐观的种地奶奶……
走到半山腰,母亲便显得有些力不从心,累得气喘吁吁,我叫歇歇,她找个座椅坐下来,弟弟的精力果然充沛爬了这么久竟还有玩耍的活力。突然母亲说起了我进日的反常告诉我不要紧张一次小考罢了,没事。还和我谈起了理想,问我的理想是什么。我说,我要做个律师,我要高人一鼎,我要向世人证明我就是神经病,我就是比他们强。因为我的家乡并不起眼,我的家还是在乡下和城市的分界线上,不远处还有一个精神病院,小学的时候,还有一个老师说‘住在精神病院附近的人就是神经病。’从那时开始我就想,住的地方也会主导人生吗?住在白宫附近就是总统吗?住在监狱附近就是小偷吗?所以我要改变这一切,我要告诉世人,我是神经病,但我比你强!听到这,妈妈无声了,眼湿润了,此时无声胜有声……
突然,弟弟一个雪球砸到我的脸上,一场久违的雪仗展开了,我和弟弟打着雪仗,妈妈默默的看着……
爬到山顶时,妈妈说,她觉得对不起我,让我受苦,有我这个女儿而骄傲。
伤心时,一起去看雪吧,让雪带走一切。无助时,一起去看雪吧,让雪给你答案。寒冷时,一起去看雪吧,让雪给你温暖。孤独时,一起去看雪吧,让雪给你力量。
雪又下了,你和谁一起去看雪呢?
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
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