人生如细流,蜿蜒地绕着大地。流过山川,方能汇聚成大海。人生如高山,崎岖不平的山路,险峻摄人的地势,才会成其雄伟,每个人的前方都躺着一条路,它既不笔直,也不平坦。他泥泞难以通行,也许一不小心她还会使你头破血流。它,便是我们生人非走不可的弯路
爱因斯坦曾被称为世界上最聪明的人,他拥有令人望成莫及的大脑,但他并不是在安逸中拥有如此神奇的大脑,他废寝忘食的在工作,桌前计算复杂的数据,失败了再来过,解一个问题也许需要无数种方法,但他坚持干下去了,接受了被人称为疯子的巨大压力,在无数个方法中来来回回的思考,最终,他发现了相对论,成了物理世界中永不落的\'璀璨明星,爱迪生从小便耳聋,在科学的道路上边是困难重重,但她坚持不懈的实验制作灯泡的材料,竟有上千次,最终发明了电灯泡,为现在的千家万户带来了光明,不置可否,爱因斯坦在演算中经历了无数次错误,而艾迪生走了上千次弯路,淡如没有之前的失误,又怎能创造辉煌?也许就没有今天原子武器的威力,也许我们今天只能在黑暗中度过夜晚的漫长时光了。
古代有位神通,五岁能做事,当每个人都认为这个孩子前途无量时,他的父亲却带他到处应酬,忽略了应有的基础教育,而孩子也享受着这舒舒服服的生活,长大后,却连一般的孩人都不如。几千年后的今天,一个孩子在更随父亲爬了无数的山之后不解的问:“爸爸,明明有宽阔的人行道可以走,为什么还要绕度走弯路呢?”他的父亲语重心长的和他说:“孩子,不可能没座山都有笔直的马路,就如人生不可能有平坦大道一样,爬山的目的在于锻炼,不付出代价与汗水,是不配拥有站在山顶睥睨万物的权利的”很多年过去了,孩子成为了一位著名的工程师,面对记者的采访,他说:“我从不吝啬自己的时间去走弯路,因为我在失败中尝试了许多,收获了跟多。没有经历挫折的人不配成为成功者的。”
的确,“不经历风雨,怎么见彩虹,没有人能随随便便成功。”不“苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤,空乏其身。”又在怎么出人才。不“千锤万凿出深山。”又怎么会“烈火焚烧若等闲”我们在弯路中经历了荆棘,才会获得磨砺,才能更加无所畏惧地勇往直前,抵达目的地。
请不要拒绝这条非走不可的弯路。他是绊脚石,更是垫脚石,如同没有任何一位画家愿意把树画得笔直,也没有任何一位歌唱家愿意将一首歌唱得毫无波澜一样。它将是我们人生之书中最不可缺失的一笔,它将是绚丽与辉煌的前提。
于是我们自信只要永不放弃:
弯路=成功之路
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
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