Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
2003年,徐本禹以372分的高分考取了本校农业经济管理专业的硕士研究生。
然而,也就是在这一年4月16日,徐本禹却作出了让所有人大吃一惊的决定:放弃攻读研究生的机会,志愿到贵州贫困山区义务支教。
一年多来,他在偏僻的山村小学忍受着孤独和寂寞,用爱心精心栽培和呵护贫瘠土地上的花朵,用真诚和行动实践着一名当代大学生的人生价值和社会责任。
他的事迹感动了山区乡亲,感动了贵州人民,感动了中华大地…… 2004年他被评为中央电视台“感动中国”十大人物之一,可谓当之无愧。
同学们也一定有好多的话想说,谁能说说自己的感受? 大家注意没有?你们的这些话表达了自己的观点和看法,赞美和敬仰之情,这就是我们常说的抒情和议论,我们今天就是要认识并掌握在记叙中运用抒情和议论的写法(引入课题 二.【自主学习,合作探究】 (一认识记叙中的抒情和议论 人有着丰富的感情。
写作时,这种感情也会随着作者对笔下的事、理、物、景的好恶观点表露出来。
所以情感的抒发也是必不可少的、较自然的表达方式之一。
下面我们来通过两个小片断的赏析来体验一下记叙中抒情的写法: 片断一:《我的老师》一文中,作者在记述蔡老师的几件小事中有这样一件事: 每逢放假的时候,我们就更不愿离开她。
我还记得,放假前我默默地站在她的身边,看她收拾这样那样东西的情景。
蔡老师!我不知道你当时是不是察觉一个孩子站在那里,对你是多么的依恋!至于暑假,对于一个喜欢他的老师的孩子来说,又是多么漫长!记得在一个夏季的夜里,席子铺在当屋,旁边燃着蚊香,我睡熟了。
不知道睡了多久,也不知道是夜里的什么时辰,我忽然爬起来,迷迷糊糊地往外就走。
母亲喊住了:“你要去干什么?”“找蔡老师……”我模模糊糊地回答。
“不是放暑假了么?”哦,我才醒了。
看看那块席子,我已经走出六七尺远。
母亲把我拉回来,劝说了一会,我才睡熟了。
我是多么想念我的蔡老师呵!至今回想起来,我还觉得这是我记忆中的珍宝之一。
一个孩子的纯真的心,就是那些在热恋中的人们也难比呵!……什么时候,我再见一见我的蔡老师呢? 要求:找出记叙中的抒情语句,并说说抒发了什么样的感情?有什么效果? 【师结】 老师教跳舞、教我们读诗、看老师写字、带我们观察蜜蜂、帮我排除小纠纷……老师温柔美丽善良令人难忘。
正是有了这些感情的深沉淀积累才使这段中的抒情水到渠成。
“蔡老师!我不知道你当时是不是察觉,一个孩子站在那里,对你是多么的依恋!”全文都用第三人称“她”,这里为了便于抒情连人称改用第二人称了。
直接抒发了对老师的依恋、思念之情。
1、直接法,就是在记叙的基础上直接抒发自己对事物的思想感情。
2、渗透法,就是将自己的情感寄于景,寄于人,寄于事,在叙述描写的字里行间渗透感情。
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