天有不测风云,但必定会迎来天晴;海有惊涛骇浪,但必定会看到风平浪静;路由曲曲折折,但必定会遇见风景之美……即使天再冷,也总会有它温暖的一刻。
人生的前进如一把双刃剑。带来了许多的奇妙欢乐,却又渗入了更多的负担,让人进退两难。只能在这黑漆漆的分岔路,独自摸索,寻找着,暖光何在……
踏上初三,我们遇上了前所未见过的艰难考验。仅仅几周的时间,我军初三级将士几乎全部阵亡。她在怒吼,他在喊娘,他们都快撑不住了……那也没办法。再怎么累,路,还是要走下去的。苦苦等待的周末终于来了,却又被那七大科目大神围攻,无奈只得孤军奋战。周六大清早七点多,我便起早贪黑赶作业。从朝阳东起到夕阳西下,只可惜革命尚未成功,终于,也阵亡了。
于是我出门散散步,无意照到一面镜子,想到某同学。刚开学见到他的忧郁仿佛整个人老了十年,一周后见到他的憔悴仿佛整个人只剩下十年了,昨天见到他的绝望仿佛整个人死了十年了。哎,可怜的娃儿啊!恐怕我也快差不多了,边走边叹气,突然,我眼前一亮。看到公园里那温馨的画面。在暖暖夕照铺披下,两个马尾辫小姑娘,大约十三四岁,正值青春年华。她们,在哄带一个小宝宝,姐姐把他抱在怀中,俩姐妹左看看又望望,似乎在对宝宝进行全身大检查,似乎怕宝宝少了几根汗毛。看宝宝样子刚学会走路模样。瞧!两姐妹放下宝宝,推到后面几步,都张开那双天使之翼,等待宝宝的投怀。宝宝走了三步,愣住了,是害羞了吗?或许真的是难以做出选择吧。呵呵。姐妹俩见状,换了个方式。跟宝宝玩起了躲猫猫,一躲一现,一躲不见了踪影,一现绽放出那滑稽而青春羞涩的泛红,犹如昙花一现。逗得宝宝笑不拢嘴,露出了那两颗发育不完全的可爱小兔牙……暖透了我的心。
闭上双眼,仿佛离开了身体的躯壳,随风而去,飘向远方。眼前一片黑暗,茫无方向的飘浮,只见远方有一个光点,一直飘啊飘,一直浮啊浮……终于到了,是太阳光,充溢了我全身。每一个细胞,每一处毛孔,每一寸肌肤……都不放过。沐浴在阳光之中,那种感觉,妙不可言,一个字“暖”!在一个字“爽”!突然,“喵”一声猫叫,打破了这暖暖的安逸。吓我一跳,睁开双眼,天,已经黑了。在回家的诱惑路上,星星羞答答向我眨眼示意,照亮我的路。风儿轻轻抚摸拂过我的脸庞,任风吹乱我的头发。更重要的是,饭香味远远飘来香薰了我的味觉。我能感觉它的微温会走遍起我的身心。等等我,我来了……又再见作业,老友,我回来了。
以后,谁敢指着我的脑袋说,人生之路暗黑迷航无出路。我就指着他的鼻子告知,漫漫人生路,确实黑漆漆一片,你根本不知道,到底光芒在何方。这是很茫然,但你必须不断摸索下去,探寻着,坚持着,突然地,你会发现就在前放转角,有一团暖光,能照亮你的路,温暖你。
世事如此,都是同样的道理。在这么寒冷,走下去,总会有温暖帮你驱赶寒气,温暖你身心。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
灰螺是对植物最严重的害虫。其分布范围广泛,是许多植物的幼苗害虫。刚孵化的幼虫只以叶肉为食,而将表皮留下。稍大的个体将叶子和茎磨成小块或用舌头吃掉,影响花朵的观赏效果,严重导致全株死亡。
蜗牛通常一年繁殖一至三代。它们在雨季和高温下繁殖非常快。从5月中旬到10月初,它们在草根、土壤缝隙、枯叶或岩石下产卵的数量比4月和5月要多。每个成虫可以产50-300个蛋。6月至9月,蜗牛的活动最为活跃。十月下旬开始下降,十一月中旬开始越冬。蜗牛的发生与气温和降雨量直接相关。蜗牛喜欢潮湿多云的环境,如雨天、昼夜活动,所以温暖多雨的天气和潮湿的地块在野外受到的破坏比较严重;在干旱中,白天潜伏,夜间出险。
假期出游成了人们释放工作压力的主流。每当说起旅游,不同的.人有不同的想法,有点人认为自助游是第一选择,然而有些人更喜欢跟团游,在我看来,我喜欢前者。
In the first place, if you choose DIY tour, you are capable to select your own itinerary. As we all know, the biggest disadvantage of package tour is that the tourists have to follow exactly the travel agency’s schedule, this is not going to happen to a DIY tour, you are free to stay in the scenic spots as long as you want. If condition permits, self-driving tour would be wonderful, you don’t have to book traffic tickets and wait for time table, you almost can travel to the place whenever you want.
第一,如果你选择自助游,你就可以选择你自己的行程。众所周知,跟团游的最大缺点就是游客必须得遵循旅游机构的安排,这种事不会发生在自助游上,你可以自由地待在景点多久都行。如果条件允许,自驾游是超赞的,你不用买票,也不用等时刻表,你基本可以是什么时候都能去你想去的地方。
In the second place, the case of tour guide force tourists to buy souvenir is always on the news, some of them even use violent to hurt the tourist who are unwilling to buy something. By contrast, if you are in a DIY tour, certainly you don’t have to worry about this problem. It’s your choice to by souvenir or not.
第二,导游逼迫游客买纪念品的事情经常上新闻,有些甚至用暴力去伤害那些不想买东西的游客。与之相比,如果你是自助游,你肯定不用担心这种问题。买不买纪念品是你的选择。
To sum up, given the factors that I have just outlined, it is wise to support the statement that chooses DIY tour when you are going to travel. I’m sure you will be free as a bird.
总而言之,鉴于我刚才提到的因素,旅游选择自助游是明智的。我敢肯定你会自由得像只鸟。
随着生活水平的提高,每年去旅游的人越来越多,这是享受生活的一种好方式。有的人喜欢跟团旅游,而其他人喜欢自己去。我更喜欢后者,因为我觉得这样更方便,而且比以前我跟团旅游更自由。
First of all, traveling on my own, I can arrange my time and route more optionally. For example, when I get to someplace I desperately like, I can choose to stay longer and don’t have to think about others. Secondly, to save time, the itinerary are relatively tight joining package tour, and tourists can only stay very short time in each attractions. It’s difficult to enjoy every landscape carefully. Moreover, in order to earn rebates, some travel agencies force tourists to consume. In the meantime, traveling on my own is much cheaper and get more fun. Finally, the trip is designed to relax, but many people say that package toures are not to make them really relax, but even more tired.
首先,自己旅游的话我可以更有选择地安排我的时间和路线。比如,当我去到我非常想去的`地方的时候,我可以选择待久一点,也不用考虑其他人。其次,为了节省时间,跟团的行程都比较赶,游客在每个景点停留的时间很短,很难仔细欣赏每处风景。另外,为了获得折扣,一些旅行社强制游客进行消费。同时,自己旅行更便宜得到更多乐趣。最后,旅游的目的是为了放松,但是很多人说跟团旅游没有真正使他们放松,反而更累了。
On the whole, I prefer to to travel on my own, which is more convenient, unconstrained and cheaper.
总的来看,我更喜欢自己去旅游,它更方便,更自由,更便宜。
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