1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
各位家长:
大家好!经过了期中考试,相信大家都有不同感受。成绩已经出,必然是几家欢喜几家愁的结果,结合我的经验,我有几点感受和建议想和家长分享:
1、本次考试,我们班全部孩子都付出了努力,这是值得赞扬的,能够积极的去应对挑战和生活,远比成绩得重要。
2、对于成绩,我的态度是成绩很重要(千万别和孩子说不重要,因为它本就很重要,影响很多),但成绩不是最重要的,也不是唯一的(身心健康最重要,热爱生活也更重要)。
3、对于成绩,我主要讲整体成绩,跟入学成绩相比,无可置疑发生了很大的变化。对于这个结果,我是比较开心的,因为比我想象中的要好,我们班考前非常浮躁,我原本想象应该会比月考要差,结果却出乎我的意料之外。当然,细心的家长也会发现,我们班的潜力是无比巨大的,这是我开心的最大原因:
A、班上的很多同学开始转变学习态度,不再单纯地依靠父母老师,慢慢开始积极主动地参与到学习,班上一定会不断进步;
B、班上不管基础好的还是基础弱的,没有人厌恶学习,班上的学风较好。
C、我们班的排名发生了非常大的转变,十余名学生在班级进步名次大于10名(这也再次证明班级的学风非常好,这是很重要的)。但相对应的,有部分绝对拥有实力的同学没能发挥好(名额还不少),这部分同学一定要做好考后反思,做好心理辅导,只要引导正确,期末肯定能回到原位置。
D、我们班的孩子没有尽全力,甚至可能实力的7%都没有拿出,几个简单的例子:
1、有时我去教室逛,休息时间很少有同学在学习;
2、午休有部分孩子看外书,(我只是指出了,但没强行禁止,因为学习是他们自己的事情)。这反映出孩子虽然很紧张,但其实很多东西没落实到位,我们班真正进入状态的两只手可以数出。
E、当然,对于成绩,有一点我非常担忧,我初步预算了各科全优:语、数学和英语108分,其他科90分,我们班的全优太少啦!这次更是一个都没有,这是家长一定要注意的地方,可以说全优比排名重要!
4、初中的生活的是一次马拉松,绝对不是一次短跑,对于这次考试,我可以说考得好别开心,考得不理想别沮丧,期末的考试绝对又会发生大的变动。所以大考是一个孩子应试成长的绝好机会,一定要结合孩子应考的实际,以及考试后的数据,帮孩子做好分析、反思、心理辅导,充分利用好这个考试的经验与教训,当然首要前提是家长不能慌,结合孩子的实际,为孩子制定新的计划,并督促孩子步步落实,学习重在积累。
最后,教育是慢的艺术,初一最关键的是养成良好习惯,而不是分数!良好的行为习惯让您的孩子终身受益。其实毎个孩子的智力都差不多,出现成绩差异的根本原因是由于行为习惯上的差异。孩子的潜力是无限的,而什么能发挥出他的潜力?那就是习惯。初一,我的目标始终是两个:1培养孩子良好的习惯;2增强班级凝聚力。我们要把目标放长远些,孩子不只是要经历一次考试,读一年书,或者说只读书。
而孩子的习惯,我们班很多家长是一直没能到位的,我归纳了一下,其实学习很简单,做好以下几事,就不会有大问题了:
1、上认真听讲,学会做笔记(家长可以通过笔记以及作业反馈孩子的听情况)。
2、后作业认真完成,及时更正(认真完成包括按时完成也包括完成的水平,至少字迹工整,而且我们以基础训练为主,孩子的正确率不应该太低)(更正需要用红笔,要求有步骤,最好有错题集和反思。
3、做好复习与预习(复习在认真完成作业与更正中基本可以落实,孩子一定要学会预习,这样听效率才会提高)。
4、提高效率,高效学习。这是现在孩子很缺乏的,也是孩子们辛苦的根本原因。其实学习哪有这么难?何况还只是初中,很多孩子从小被逼着学习,养成了很多不好的习惯,特别习惯拖时间,这很不好!一定要督促孩子,一分钟能完成的事情,不要用1分零1秒去完成,宁可把多出的时间让孩子去玩去做自己想做的事情,这也决定了孩子的后续潜力。初一,如果孩子光书本的东西,每天忙到10点,这绝对不正常,请引导孩子科学规划时间,培养孩子的自主学习能力,提高学习效率。
最后,请不要把成绩传到网上或QQ群,切记不要盲目攀比,不要乱了方寸。每个孩子都是不同的种子,家长花了心思、用对了方法,花期一定会,让我们用心守护花期的到!
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
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