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举行换裙仪式后,少女就可以自由自在地逛街、赶场、看赛马、耍朋友、谈恋爱了。换裙时间是根据少女的'发育情况而定的,一般选在15~17岁之间,多择单岁。因为在当地彝民看来,双岁换裙会多灾多难,终生也不会吉利。至于换裙的具体日期,则要请老人好好地择算一下,才能最后定下吉日佳期。
换裙这天,主人家像过节一样喜气洋洋,富户要***猪宰羊,大宴宾客;穷户最少也要***鸡泡酒,招待亲邻。一大早,男女宾客便纷纷登门,送礼祝贺。按照当地俗规,举行换裙仪式时,绝不允许任何男子在场,只邀请女亲女友参加。
换裙仪式因地区不同,各有千秋。有的地方是请一位成年女性坐在果树下抽打一只小猪,待猪死后,将死猪在换裙少女的头上连续转几匝,以此来驱除邪恶。然后为姑娘挂上耳坠,梳成双辩,再换新裙。有的地方则先假设一物为夫方,如树木或磨子,然后把少女打扮成一位花枝招展的假新娘,由一位成年妇女背着,围绕假设之物走三圈,即算结婚。
在仪式进行的过程中,有的地方仅由妇女们说些逗笑少女的风流话和祝愿词,有的地方则一直在歌声和笑声中进行。先由为首的姑娘用歌声挑逗、审问换裙的少女,问她喜欢谁?是喜欢好吃懒做的人,还是勤劳勇敢的人?是喜欢诚实忠厚的人,还是喜欢投机耍滑的人?面对审问和戏弄,换裙少女一般不开腔回答,只是低着头羞涩低坐着,规规矩矩地接受一切审问。
所有审问的内容一概由坐在少女身边的一位姑娘越俎代庖,一一作答。最后,为首的姑娘总是独唱这样一首歌:要戴银牌要亲手系,要戴珠链要亲友串,要找知心人要亲自选。唱完、闹完之后,便请一位漂亮、能干、相好的妇女给换裙者梳头、戴哈帕:将原来梳在脑后的单辫梳结到前面来,正中分开,在耳后梳成双辫,再戴上哈帕。额前的刘海用少许水打湿抹光,使之整齐发亮,以显示少女情窦初开、秀丽端庄。再佩上艳丽的耳珠,珠光闪烁,更有含羞藏娇、妩媚动人的神态。最后换上蓝、黑等对比强烈的三接拖地长裙,走动起来,步履轻盈,婀娜多姿,充满了青春的美丽与生命的活力。这是最美好的时刻,在场的妇女或姑娘都沉浸在美好的回忆或幸福的向往之中,从而使“沙拉洛”达到高潮。
“沙拉洛”仪式结束后,男子才能参加欢宴。大家席地而坐,愉快地吃着砣砣肉、荞馍和炒面等,开怀畅饮,一醉方休。换裙意味着女子已经成年,可以自由地找情人,谈恋爱。
In recent days, we have to face I problem——A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ________(说明A的现状.Second, ________(举例进一步说明现状 Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ________(解决方法一. For another ________(解决方法二. Finally, ________(解决方法三.
Personally, I believe that ________(我的解决方法. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ________(带来的'好处.
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these young people are wrong. in my opinion every student should have a knowledge of housework. after all, they will have a family of their own, and they should do their part in keeping a good home. boys should also learn to do housework, for what will they do if they remain single? though not all boys remain single, yet they will be very helpful in the family if they know some housework. anyhow they will not lose anything, but, on the contrary, they will gain something useful.
for what i said above, we can find some eamples of our fellow-students studying abroad. all young men do housework as girls do. someone would argue that we can employ servants. this is true. however, what shall we do if the servant leaves us and all things are left to ourselves? we just cannot leave our clothes as they are and let worms and ants eat them up. and what can we do it we go and study in a foreign country where servants are out our means to employ? we must work for ourselves. why not start to learn to do housework now or else it will be too late? everyone should learn to do housework. what do you think about my idea, boys and girls?
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