好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
有的.同学往往取材不严,把一些不相关联的观点和材料罗列于文内,东拉西扯,不知所云,原因就在于思路不清。因此要学会运用综合和分析的方法,做到言之有序。列宁说:分析和综合的结合—各个部分的分解和所有这些部分的总和、总计,揭示人们认识事物的基本方式。
议论文写作就要这样有顺序地分解李物的各个侧面(分析,从而对事物作出结论,揭示其规律(综合。方式有三种:①先分析后综合(分—总,在分析事例和说理的基础上得出结论,形成观点,②先综合再分析(总—分,在综合出论点之后再扣住中心分析事例和说清道理;③综合—分析—综合(总—分—总,列出论点之后在具体分析说理的墓础上作出归纳而深化中心。自然也可反复进行,如分析后综合,再分析再综合。
上述方式,不仅可以作为全篇的思路,也可以作为每一段落的思路。篇章和其段落都依循这个思想过程写作,条理就不会不清了。另外,还要注意由总到分或由分到总的衔接,即如何过渡,以及前后文的照应。
过渡的方法,可以运用关联词语,也可以用句子,还可以安排承上启下的段落。照应的方法有首尾照应,点题照应,以及前后内容上的照应。能够过渡照应得法,才会行文自然,条理分明,逻辑严密。
This is my first week in ** Senior Middle School.Everything here is new for me.Our school is an old school but it`s very beautiful.I have 50 new classmates in my class.They`re all very excellent, I think, and I felt a little sad.Because I`m too common.But come to think of it,it`s a very good thing.I believe I can also be very excellent if I study with such excellent classmates.I didn`t know why Ms *** chose me to be the committee of study.But I know it`s a good chance for me to raise my ability.All I can do is do my best in the future.I am sure that Ms *** and my classmates can help me when I do something wrong. Because they`re all very kind.It`s a pleasure to work and study with them.I`m really very happy.I`m not an outstanding student in this class,but I can do the same thing like others.I believe I won`t make anyone disappointed.
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