1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
生活中其实并不缺少千里马,缺少的,是欣赏千里马的伯乐;生活中其实并不缺少伯乐,缺少的,是拥有欣赏的心灵;生活中其实并不缺少美丽,缺少的,是欣赏美丽的眼睛。所以,究其根因,是要学会欣赏,懂得欣赏!因为学会了欣赏,它可以使你学会欣赏千里马,借他人之力成绩自己的功绩;它可以使你学会欣赏芬芳世界,修炼自己,陶冶情操,净化心灵。
回望三国,在风起云涌,战火连年的历史里,刘备为成就蜀国大业,于茅庐三请诸葛亮。起初,刘备被诸葛亮置之门外,第二次亦如此。终于在第三次时刘备清楚了诸葛亮。为什么刘备最后成功请出了诸葛亮呢?这是因为刘备具有赏识人才的慧眼啊!要不是刘备懂得欣赏诸葛亮这个谋士,他早在第一次受拒时转头就走了。而且他的蜀国大业还无法实现呢!况且真是这样,那损失的不止是功绩,更是损失了诸葛亮这个人才,谁也不愿看到满腹经纶的人郁郁寡死在深山。正是刘备懂得欣赏,他的蜀国大业在诸葛亮的谋计下才如鱼得水啊!所以,欣赏很重要,它可以使你学会欣赏千里马,进而成就自己的功绩。
世间事物五彩缤纷,美丽与丑陋给你带来两种不同的视觉,关键看你怎么看待。美丽与丑陋就像一块铜板的两面,只有不懂得欣赏的人才会极端的把他们对立起来。梵高懂得欣赏在别人看来平淡无奇的向日葵,才能将其刻画得如火一般妖艳夺目,欧阳修懂得欣赏林壑之美、宴酣之欢、山水之乐,所以才得“醉翁”之美称。艺术家们懂得欣赏那微微一下的蒙娜丽莎,才使其成为无价之宝,为蒙娜丽莎的微笑蒙上了一层神秘的面纱。所以,欣赏很重要,它可以使你学会欣赏芬芳世界,修炼自己,陶冶心灵。
若是学会了欣赏,便不会有“冯唐易老,李广难封”的感叹;若是学会了欣赏,便不会有屈原含泪头汨罗江的悲剧;若是学会了欣赏,便不会有“长使英雄泪满襟”的悲鸣。所以,学会欣赏很重要。因为学会了欣赏,所以落花皆有意;因为学会了欣赏,所以万水千山总是情;因为学会了欣赏,所以天生他才必有用。
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
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