Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
她是一个父母双亡的小孩,与奶奶相依为命,住在一个坐落在群山中的小村里,家境贫寒却乐观地面对私生活,可命运总是捉弄人的,她在世界上最后的奶奶也离开了人世。
她孤苦伶仃无依无靠,全家上下就剩下一只老母鸡陪伴着她,村里的人们看她可怜,连一项成天板着脸的村长也不禁怜香惜玉了,村长在全村 里海选了她的养父母,可却没人愿意要她。“是啊,山区里的生活一定不好过,家家都有一本难念的经呀!”老村长想,无奈之下,老村长把她和她的老母鸡领会了自己的家。村长夫人并不喜欢她,原因是多了个人,多了张嘴,因此常常找她的麻烦 ,村长的孩子似乎也依仗着母亲在她面前班门弄斧,村长也是明白的,一再的警告家中的三个孩子,且时常劝告自己的妻子,可仍无济于事。她十分坚强,从来没掉过泪,倔强的脸上总是挂着一丝纯洁的微笑。
终于,她带着她的\'老母鸡离开了那个家,走入了另一个家门。不要认为她幸福了,这只不过是从一个火坑跳到了另一个火坑里罢了。白天,他的养父母要她拼死拼活的干活,夜晚却不让她 吃饭,也不让她睡暖,只让她在什物堆里独自一人面对如冰窖的夜,她抱着老母鸡,突然脸上一热,他正纳罕,才发现时自己的泪,此时此刻,她不再坚强,她开始痛哭,哭出了自己的无奈,哭出了自己的辛酸,哭出了自己的痛苦,她想着,为什么别的孩子就有父母疼,爷爷奶奶爱呢?为什么别的孩子就有学上?“咕咕咕”,什么声音,呵,原来是她自己的肚子,是啊,他那么瘦弱,每天还要那么早干活,她太累了。当黎明的光重返大地,当火红的太阳重新升起,当一缕阳光照在她瘦小而冰冷的身上,她,却永远看不到美的黎明了。
她,就是大山里的孩子。
电视上,多少次浮现山区的孩子们清苦的生活,多少次浮现着他们渴望知识的眼神。多少次你我在我心中曾海誓山盟坚定不移地扬言自己要帮助她们,要珍惜自己的现在生活?事过境迁,我们只得装作不在意来一句:“何必那么认真?”记得小学,我也曾以自己要去山区支教的理想而得到全班同学的掌声,响起那时,还有许多同学扬言和我一起去献爱心,现在,我真的想问他们还记得吗?
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
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