May 2, 2012 ( 时间写在右上角 Dear Lucy,
Next Monday is my 20th birthday. Imagine, there are already twenty years behind me! No wonder I feel old! My parents are giving a dinner party to mark the party. The first person they wish to invite is you, my childhood pal. Indeed, all of those 20 years are more or less associated with you. We'll be expecting you any time after six.
See you then. Yours, XXX ( 落款写在右下角,标点是逗号
今天把社会学的邀请看完了,200多页的书,深受启发。
社会学是一门研究人和社会的关系以及差异性结果的系统性研究。针对我们个人能够解释我为什么按照我做的这样做,我为什么按照我想的这样想的问题。
作者第一章抛出了对于社会地位的讨论,每个人的社会地位对于个人的发展,和能够取得的成就具有重要的作用。社会地位能够决定我们的社会关系、我们持有的信念、我们所获得的资源。处于相似社会地位的人,倾向于做出相似的选择。
社会地位决定了我们所能获得的社会资源,而社会资源包括物质和经济资源、社会关系资源、文化资源。
通过对于社会地位的讨论,作者对社会学做出了定义,并分别讨论了个人、群体和系统性定义的作用。第一章,描述了社会学研究采用的基本方法:演绎法和归纳法。演绎法先通过预测,做出假设,再通过采集数据对假设进行验证。归纳法通过实地采集大量数据,在分析获得的数据,得出结论。
从第四章开始,作者分别介绍了社会学三巨头:涂尔干、马克思、韦伯的理论并对比三者理论的异同点。这些大理论倾向于从宏大的社会场景中去分析群体和社会,采用自上而下的方法。
最后作者转向分析个人的观念和行为,通过个人的行为,去分析整个社会,采用自下而上的方法。最后作者提出了很多针对个人行动的建议,通过这些建议去践行社会学,发展自己,贡献社会。
Jane Eyre, is a poor but aspiring, small in body but huge in soul, obscure but self-respecting girl. After we close the covers of the book, after having a long journey of the spirit, Jane Eyre, a marvelous figure, has left us so much to recall and to think:
We remember her goodness: for someone who lost arms and blinded in eyes, for someone who despised her for her ordinariness, and even for someone who had hurt her deeply in the past.
We remember her pursuit of justice. It’s like a panion with the goodness. But still, a virtuous person should promote the goodness on one side and must check the badness on the other side.
We remember her self-respect and the clear situation on equality. In her opinion, everyone is the same at the God’s feet. Though there are differences in status、in property and also in appearance, but all the human being are equal in personality.
We also remember her striving for life, her toughness and her confidence…
When we think of this girl, what she gave us was not a pretty face or a transcendent temperament that make us admire deeply, but a huge charm of her ersonality.
Actually, she wasn’t pretty, and of course, the ordinary appearance didn’t make others feel good of her, even her own aunt felt disgusted with it. And some others even thought that she was easy to look down on and to tease, so when Miss Ingram met Jane Eyre, she seemed quite contemptuous, for that she was obviously much more prettier than ‘the plain and ugly governess’. But as the little governess had said: ‘Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong!’ This is the idea of equality in Jane Eyre’s mind. God hadn’t given her beauty and wealth, but instead, God gave her a kind mind and a thinking brain. Her idea of equality and self-respect impress us so much and let us feel the power inside her body.
In my mind, though a person’s beauty on the face can make others once feel that one is attractive and charming, if his or her mind isn’t the same beautiful as the appearance, such as beauty cannot last for, when others find that the beauty which had charmed them was only a falsity, it’s not true, they will like the person no more. For a long time, only a person’s GREat virtue, a noble soul, a beautiful heart can be called as AN EVERLASTING BEAUTY, just as Kahill Gibran has said, that ‘Beauty is a heart enflamed and a soul enchanted’. I can feel that how beauty really is, as we are all fleshly men, so we can’t distinguish whether a man is of nobleness or humbleness, but fleshly men, so we can’t distinguish whether a man is of nobleness or humbleness, but as there are great differences in our souls, and from that, we can know that whether a man is noble or ordinary, and even obscure, that is, whether he is beautiful or not.
Her story makes us thinking about life and we learn much from her experience, at least, that is a fresh new recognition of the real beauty.
周末,我来到玄武湖公园,毕竟这里是秋姑娘定下的地点。一进门,我的眼神就“唰”地一下漂移到了荷花上。它们此刻已经没有了夏日的.粉嫩,连同曾经碧绿的荷叶也一同低下了头,仿佛在反省自己的过错。走到湖边,望着那被绿藻淹没的岸边一角,我清晰地记得,在夏天这里还有小鱼、小螺蛳,可如今却不见了踪影,就像从来没有出现过一般。这一湖秋水因此而也显得倍加寂静。“也许这就是所谓“悲秋”的由来吧!”我缓缓地向公园深处走去。
林荫小道上,虽然同是秋,可这里的景致却与荷花池大大不同了。我跑到一丛灌木前,它已被染上了金黄色,与荷叶的土褐色形成了强烈的对比。有几片叶子从灌木上飘落,我不禁捡起一片叶子,细细观察起来:它有着锯齿状的边缘,细细的叶脉上微微泛起一丝亮丽的金黄。我将它轻轻地放入衣袋,经过季节更替的熏陶,它从春日那一片小小的嫩芽,变成了一件金黄的艺术品,这也许是秋姑娘赠与我的礼物之一吧!我抬起头来,整个林荫道也发生了变化——它从夏日的深绿变成了秋日的金黄。远远望去,仿佛通向世界的尽头。几片叶子从树上落下,在空中玩起了孙悟空的把戏,接连好几个后空翻,这才愿意与其它落叶同伴待在一起。看来秋也是有法力的魔法师啊!
秋,是寂静的;秋,是美丽的;秋,是充满情趣的。此刻,我正在拨弄着秋天的礼物,这令我忽然明白,也许,这本来就是秋姑娘这个可爱名字的来源吧!
嘘,别吵我,悄悄告诉你,其实秋姑娘邀我去与她玩耍呢!
I'm Lily and I want to invite all my classmates from class 71 to my birthday party.T
he party will take place at my house on April 26th.
There will be Chinese food, drinks, and games. Hope everyone can come.
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