1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
Dear mother:
Hello!
Mom, this is my first time to write to you, very excited, many words do not know where to start, usually I am more willful, there are a lot of thanks to you, and do not want to say to you. Today, let me take this opportunity to tell you a daughter's gratitude.
When I was young, you began to have long hair for me. You said girls had long hair and beautiful hair. But this is a lot of trouble for you, but for your daughter's beauty, I wash my hair once every 32 days and comb a beautiful hairstyle. Every time I wash my hair, I'm afraid I'm cold or ironed. You always adjust the water temperature so well. The children in the community envy me that I have a good mother.
After I go to primary school, you always get up early every morning and wake me up after a good meal, but sometimes I still pick and pick, and don't eat well and make you sad. But you never get angry with me. Instead, you do it for me on the second day. On the way to school, I saw other children taking the cake and eating while walking. I wanted to tell you, "Mom, how nice you are!"
Remember last semester, when the math unit test, there was a simple formula, because of my carelessness made a mistake, you see after very angry, very hard to criticize me. At that time, I almost cried by your quarrel, but I knew in my heart that your severity was for my good.
Mom, here I want to say to you, "Mom, I love you!" You are hard! "
Dear mother:
Hello
Dear mother, you have given me life, and my body has run through your blood. It is your milk, heart, blood, tears and sweat that have become the greatest liquid of human life and have nurtured me. It is you who feed me from a hungry child to a primary school student.
Dear mother, there are many kinds of love in the world, but maternal love is the most selfless, sincere, broadest and most merciful. When praising the affection of human beings, you are the eternal theme. When you sing the sincere love of the world, your love is called the first love in the world. Selfless is your character, dedication is your feelings. You are the embodiment of goodness. You are a symbol of greatness. Everything beautiful in women is condensed in your image.
My dear mother, though the hardships of life have made your hands rough, however, these hands are still so gentle, it always soothes my heart and gives me infinite comfort; although the heavy work makes your head white hair, but the body is still like the wing, caring for me all the time. The hard work of hard work makes your face wrinkle. However, the face is still so kind. It teaches me the true meaning of life and gives me confidence and strength at all times.
My dear mother, you are the resting place for your daughter. You are the harbor for your daughter to escape from the wind. With you, our home will be peaceful and warm. With you, our family will be happy and happy.
Dear mother, your great love is the greatest and selfless, your love in the heart of the daughter turned from the bottom of the heart from the bottom of the heart out - only the mother is good, the mother of the child like a treasure, into the mother's embrace can not enjoy happiness.
Dearmother,
How’severything going at home? I miss you and dad very much.
Iam pretty good in school, so you and dad do not have to worry about me. I am asenior student in high school so that I am busy with my study all the time. I workhard to prepare the college entrance examination and I think I do a great job now.Teachers care much about me and when I have problems, I always ask them. They encourageme very often, considering that I can go to the university I dream of. Ofcourse, I take good care of myself in life. I build good relationships with myfriends and classmates, which makes me happy to be with them.
Pleasetake good care of yourselves at home. I love you.
Truly yours,
Christina
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
Dear Mum and Dad,
Im writing to you in Beijing.
Im very happy to visit Beijing again. To my surprise, great changes have taken place here recently.
Today I went to Wangfujing Street. Now the streets are cleaner and nicer than before. There are many flowers everywhere and there is a fine smell of the flowers in the air. There are more new buildings, modern shops and large markets in it. People in Beijing are happy. Everyone has a smile on the face.
I know they are working hard for the 2008 Olympics. I hope they will have a good luck.
Yours,
Jack
敬爱的妈妈:
您好!
自从我“哇哇”坠地时,您就给我无限的母爱,我一直想好好报答您,但总找不到机会。我盼呀盼,终于把机会给盼到了。
前年夏天,您带我去华侨公园玩。当走到华侨公园的游乐园时,“海盗船”这几个大字立刻映入我的眼帘。我就拉着您,要您和我一起乘坐。您为了不扫我的兴,也为了我的安全,便和我一起乘坐。下船时,您立刻出现了头晕、恶心,呕吐的现象。当时我又后悔又心急,刚才真不该拉着您,陪我一块儿乘坐“海盗船”。我便马上用手抚摸您的胸口,希望能减轻您的病痛。可妈妈您还是不见好转,我们就一起回了家。
在家中,您一直卧床不起,连续输了两个星期的液,身体才见起色,我心里特别过意不去。在那些日子里,我天天都伺侯妈妈您,倒水、服药、陪您到医疗室输液,主动干家务,学习上更用功……尽量减少您对我,对家庭的操心。我恨不能替您分担病情,天天都盼着您早日康复。
妈妈,您为了我的快乐而甘担风险,为了我的幸福,您在我身上倾注全部的爱。作为您的女儿的我是永远报答不了您那无私而又伟大的母爱。今天,我以优异的成绩报答您,明天以丰硕的成果让您安度晚年,尽儿女之道孝敬您。可是“谁言寸草心,报得三春晖?”如有来生,我还想做您的女儿。
祝妈妈:身体健康,工作顺利,长命百岁。
您的女儿:苏佳莹
20xx年6月8日
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