工艺美术又称实用美术,它必须和实用相结合,必须适合群众的欣赏习惯和审美要求。一张作品设计得“很好”,但“曲高和寡”,广大群众不能欣赏,生产制作出来又无人购买那就没有实用价值了,加之装饰色彩本身主观性很强,所以在用色时还要研究色彩的感情、色彩的语言。
任何一种颜色本身都没有什么感情和语言,但是由于人们对客观事物的感受和可能会引起某种联想,触发感情,再加上不同的人性格、经历、情绪不同也会对色彩有不同的感受。但一般来说冷色具有寒意和沉静感,暖色具有温暖和兴奋的感觉,对比强烈的色彩可以使人感到精神振奋而活跃;相反灰调子可以使人感到安静,淡色可以使人感到轻松,深色可以使人感到沉重……具体的色彩和人们的生活习惯、心理活动相联系也就有了它的感情和语言。如:
红色能使人感到热情、勇敢,它与具体的旗的形象联系起来成为红旗,成为我们心目中革命的象征,能激发革命热情。红色又表示危险,在交通信号中是停止的颜色,也是消防汽车的颜色。在西方尽管都是红色系统,但含义却有所不同,深红色意味着嫉妒或暴虐,被认为是恶魔的象征,而粉红色则表示健康。
黄色让人感到轻松光明,常和日光联系在一起。在我国古代,黄色是皇帝的专用色,一般人不准使用。在古代罗马也被当作高贵的颜色受到尊重,在马来西亚黄色也是王宫的颜色,而在巴西黄色表示绝望,在伊斯兰教中,黄色又是死亡的象征。
蓝色给人幻觉、冥想、纯粹、希望,是幸福的颜色。蓝色又是绝望的同义词,所谓“蓝色的音乐”,就是“悲伤的音乐”。
白色使人感到快乐、纯洁、善良,是纯粹和洁白的象征。但白旗却是投降的标志。黑色是黑暗的颜色,意味着不吉利与邪恶;橘色,色艳而有阳光感,热情、健康、活跃、动感强;绿色,是大自然中草木的颜色,象征着自然和生长,同时也表示人的青春。
以上是几个单色的例子,若用更多的复杂的色彩相配合,效果就又会不一样,这些都是人们习惯上的认识,但它不是绝对的。随着时代、民族、阶级地位、生活习惯、年龄、个人修养和情绪的变化而变化。
Emerging from the cartoon is an eye-catching scene that the parents are willing to have a second child, while their only child do not agree because of his worry that he doesn't want to have another child, even his own sibling, share toys with him. Simple as it is, the symbolic meaning revealed is profound and thought-provoking.
We are supposed to place our attention on, instead of its funny appearance, the implied meaning of the cartoon: as the overall second-child policy expands throughout China, some only children are so selfish that they cannot accept the second child in their family. What can account for this undesirable situation? For one thing, they, as the only child at home all the time, have no awareness of sharing what they like with others due to the fact that all the family members give their love to the only child. As a result, when faced with the problem of whether they are willing to have a sibling, their first response is to refuse it. For another reason, some couples are eager to have a second child as soon as possible, which makes them neglect to communicate with their only child to let them realize the advantage of having a sibling companion in their childhood.
From what has been discussed above, it's safe for me to conclude that it is urgent to take some immediate and effective measures. What I recommend is that parents should let child know the importance of sharing with others, which is beneficial for them in future life. In addition, it's better for parents to have more communication with their only child once they want to have a second child.
“我不喜欢弟弟或妹妹,因为那样爸爸妈妈就不会再爱我……”最近上网总能看到类似于二胎这样的话题。这个政策是去年新颁布的,瞬间引起了社会各界的更关注,它已成为我们备考高考作文的话题之一。
此政策在网络和微信上引发了热议(become a sensation on the Internet and We Chat。不少网友认为"00后"(children born after 2000太自私,即使是同意父母生二胎的`孩子,在有了弟弟妹妹后脾气也会变坏。但也有不少人认为,这仅仅是教育方式的问题而已(the problem lies in education。如青岛一所小学的一群四年级学生日前成立了"反弟弟妹妹联盟",说服父母不要生二胎。(A group of fourth-graders at an elementary school in Qingdao formed an "anti-siblings alliance" in an effort to persuade their parents not to have a second child.该校一名老师最近发现,班里有八个孩子常聚在一起窃窃私语,讨论这件事(hold secret meetings to discuss the issue。这些学生担心弟弟妹妹会分走自己独享的父母宠爱(steal their parents' exclusive love。
有话题就会有相关词汇,这就要求大家在平常的学习中多多积累,这样到用了时候心中自然就有丘壑。同时也可以扩充相关词汇,如:流动人口mobile population;独生子女家庭only child family;生育时间表birth time schedule;备孕plan for pregnancy。
二胎政策实施过程中,也给社会带来了一定的影响。这一部分探讨也可以作为作文的写作素材。如全面二孩政策(universal two-child policy出台后,中国内地主要城市三居室或四居室的大户型房子(large three or four-bedroom homes销量攀升。北京和上海等城市的很多夫妇正在搜寻居住环境更佳的大房子(hunt for larger homes with a better environment,为家里添丁加口早做准备。据估计,新的生育政策将使未来5年内多增加1700万新生儿(extra 17m babies being born within the next five years。
[1]郑旺胜.试论房屋建筑工程监理管理的问题及创新[J].建材与装饰,2016(11:26.
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