一、简析我国大型煤炭企业的现状
目前,我国大型煤炭企业是比较多的,主要包括:神华集团、山西焦煤、潞安矿业、阳泉煤业、中煤能源、同煤集团、冀中能源、龙煤集团以及陕煤集团等、据国家相关部门的调查数据显示:我国在20xx年时,全国煤矿数量高达1、2万处,且大型煤炭企业的原煤年生产总量也已经超过了75亿吨,是原煤年生产总量的52、7%;而在20xx年,虽然我国大型煤炭企业的数量,较20xx年相对来说减少了8、72%,但是,由于其它大型煤炭企业生产规模的进一步扩大,特别是:神华集团与中煤集团,其规模扩增的速度更是快,导致我国大型煤炭企业原煤的年生产总量不减反增,与20xx年的年生产总量相比,提高了17、9%,占据我国煤炭行业年生产总量的68、6%。由此可见,我国大型煤炭企业在我国整个煤炭行业当中,占据的分量是非常大的。因此,当在面对能够阻碍我国大型煤炭企业实现健康发展这一过程的影响因素之时,我们就应当及时采取有效的措施,对其进行合理的解决,以确保我国大型煤炭企业能够实现健康、安全的生产。
二、探析大型煤炭企业发展中存在的问题
1、资源分布零散问题
目前,我国煤炭资源的分布情况较为零散,即使是在一些资源储量较高的地区,其分布的情况也是不集中的,这就给煤炭企业对这些资源进行采掘的工作造成了困难,且采掘方案的提出以及设备的大批量利用,也在很大程度上提高了煤炭企业的生产成本。从20xx年开始,截止至今日,我国煤炭企业将开采区逐渐转向了山西、甘肃、内蒙、云南、新疆以及贵州等地,由于煤炭资源分布较为零散,所以大部分煤炭企业的开采区也是较为零散的,比如:1)陕煤集团,其资源开采区高达9处,分别坐落在不同的地区(比如:鄂尔多斯、西藏以及甘肃等)以及不同的煤炭开发区当中;2)准格尔地区,它所囊括的煤炭企业高达15家。除此之外,煤炭资源的零散分布也会造成:开采区配套设施不完善等问题,导致各煤炭企业之间因为各方面的原因(例如:供电设备安装方面以及现场通道的建设方面等),产生经济纠纷,从而直接影响到了企业自身的生产及其后期的发展。
2、市场中涌出的“投资热”,提高了煤炭企业的投资风险
虽然,我国有关部门在“十二五”期间,就已经提出了“让我国煤炭行业的年生产总产量实现同倍增长”的要求。但是,由于该要求所针对的都是一些煤炭资源相对来说比较丰富的开产区。所以,我国各级政府在对煤炭企业进行考核的同时,还是将“产值”作为了考核的主要指标,且该指标也是导致我国煤炭行业出现投资过热现象的罪魁祸首。假使,这种现象不能够得到很好的抑制,将会在很大程度上提高“煤炭产能过剩”的风险。虽然,在这种情况之下,我国大部分煤炭企业开始逐渐向“煤化工”行业转型,但是,由于当前社会经济市场对煤化工产品的需求量已经达到了饱和状态,所以这部分煤炭企业的转型,也势必会增大其自身的投资风险。
3、部分地区煤炭资源严重缺乏
近年来,我国大部分煤炭企业所选择的开采区,都是一些具有较高储量的煤矿开采区。由于这些开采区长期被大规模的进行开采挖掘,导致煤炭资源几乎趋向于枯竭的地步,使得某些煤炭企业出现了煤炭资源获取紧张的问题,比如:阳泉煤业,其目前仅剩的煤炭资源储量仅有10、7亿吨,能够保障其进行正常开采的时间约为8年;而京煤集团煤炭资源的剩余量却只有9、72亿吨,可保障其未来七年对煤炭资源的开采。由此可见,煤炭资源的严重缺乏,不仅会降低我国煤炭企业的年生产总量,还会拉低我国煤炭行业的整体发展水平。
三、探究促进我国大型煤炭企业实现健康发展的措施及建议
1、推行“煤炭企业兼并”方针
通过有机结合的`方式,将我国某些大型煤炭企业融合在一起,使它们形成一个整体,去对境外的一些还未经过开采的煤炭资源储区进行合理的开发。其实现的原理是:严格依照社会经济市场目前的状况,并依循我国经济水平提升的要求及标准,把“资源及资产”当做是主要目的,采取“协议转让”、“市场并购”以及“联合”的途径,制定出合理的“兼并方案”,然后再依照该方案的内容,将各大煤炭企业科学的结合在一起。其次,针对一些中小型的煤炭企业,国家有关部门也应当将其统一的纳入到“兼并”的范围之内,比如:让它们与电力企业实现“兼并融合”。如此一来,也就能够让我国煤炭行业与社会经济市场之间,建立起一道“供需相符”的桥梁。另外,国家还应当大力倡导“让煤炭企业实现境外投资办厂”的政策,并让其能够成为推动我国煤炭产品走向国际市场的强大动力。与此同时,也就能够在一定程度之上,提高我国煤炭行业在国际上的整体水平。
2、增强大型煤炭企业的生产力度
我国部分煤炭企业由于没有较高的技术团队,且其已有的技术人员也不具备较高的综合素质,所以,在其生产力方面上,也存在着较为严重的技术短缺问题。于是,在这种情况之下,煤炭企业就应当采取针对性比较高的措施,来提高其自身对煤炭产品进行生产的力度,比如:(1)定期对现有的技术人员进行专业知识以及技术的培训,尽可能的提高他们从业能力及个人素质;(2)以三个月为单位,对技术人员进行工作制考核,确保每一个技术人员都能够具备较强的专业技术掌握能力,针对那些未能通过该次考核的技术人员,需将其暂时调离现有岗位,并让其在通过一段时间的培训,且再次考核合格之后,才能让其继续担任本职位;(3)组建拥有较高专业资质的技术团队,且技术人员的聘请要求,应符合“高综合素质”、“高从业能力”以及“高专业技术应用能力”这三个要求。总而言之,要想从本质上提高煤炭企业的生产效率,我们就必须要从技术人员抓起。
3、大力倡导“矿权整合”政策
对一些分布较为零散的煤炭开采区进行科学的整合,同时要求国家相关部门利用地质勘测资金,对这些整合之后的煤炭开采区进行合理的收购,然后再根据实际情况以及我国大型煤炭企业的分布情况,制定出一份完善的“煤炭资源重配”方案,并依照“资源获取紧张优先分配”的原则,以及“核心大型煤炭企业优先分配”的原则,将整合后的煤炭开采区合理的分配给我国各个大型煤炭企业。另外,针对一些新近才发现的煤炭开采区,需在经过国家相关部门对其的实际勘察之后,才能够依照现行的“促进煤炭行业发展的若干建议”文件,制定出相应的“开采区分配计划”,然后才能够将这些新发现的煤炭开采区,分配给我国的各个大型煤炭企业。
四、结束语
综上所述,面对我国煤炭资源分布不均匀,以及部分煤炭开采地区已经出现了煤炭资源紧缺等问题,我们就应当采取可行性较高的措施,对这些问题进行合理的解决。与此同时,我们还应当加强对大型煤炭企业进行兼并以及对新煤炭开采区进行有效开发的力度,让我国各个大型煤炭企业都能够实现“煤炭资源及其产品的高效开采与生产”的整个过程,以尽可能满足我国社会经济市场对煤炭产品的需求量。另外,我们还应当进一步拓展我国大型煤炭企业的投资生产范围,让我国煤炭产品能够从本国市场逐渐进入国际市场。如此一来,不仅可以让我国大型煤炭企业实现健康、稳定的发展,还能够为我国煤炭行业进军国际市场奠定下最为坚实的基础。
Lion was awakened from sleep by a mouse running over his face.
Rising up in anger, he caught him and was about to kill him, when the mouse piteouslyentreated, saying: "If you would only spare my life, I would be sure to repay your kindness." The lion laughed and let him go.
It happened shortly after this that the lion was caught by some hunters, who bound him by strong ropes to the ground.
The mouse, recognizing his roar, came up, and gnawed the rope with his teeth, and setting him free, exclaimed: "You ridiculed the idea of my ever being able to help you, not expecting to receive from me any repayment of your favour; but now you know that it is possible for even a Mouse to confer benefits on a lion."
Little friends may prove great friends.
一只老鼠从一只狮子面前跑过去,将它从梦中吵醒。
狮子生气地跳起来,捉住老鼠,要弄死它。老鼠哀求说:“只要你肯饶恕我这条小生命,我将来一定会报答你的大恩。”狮子便笑着放了它。
后来狮子被几个猎人捉住,用粗绳捆绑倒在地上。
老鼠听出是狮子的吼声,走来用牙齿咬断绳索,释放了牠,并大声说:“你当时嘲笑我想帮你的忙,而且也不指望我有什么机会报答。但是你现在知道了,就算是小老鼠,也能向狮子效劳的。”
强者不会永远是强者,强者也会有需要弱者帮助的时候。
Today smoking is a widespread habit ali over the world. Not only the old, the youth, but also middle school students have been engaged in smoking. Many of them think that smoking is a smart symbol.
However, smoking is harmful to one's health. It contributes a lot of lung cancer, from which many people have died in the past years. It can also cause many other diseases. In a word, if you smoke, you do have a much greater chance of losing your health. Furthermore, scientific research shows that smoking is not only harmful to smokers themselves, but also a threat to public health, especially to women and children. Therefore, many countries have made laws forbidding smokers to smoke m public places such as cinemas, stations, hospitals, and so on Giveup smoking! If you don't smoke, don't start. Give upsmoking for the sake of your health, for the sake of your family, and for the sake of the whole world.
当今吸烟是一个世界范围内的习惯。不仅是老人,青年,而且中学生都吸烟。他们中的许多人认为吸烟是一种潇洒的象征。
然而,吸烟有害人的健康。它会引起肺癌,其中许多人在过去的一年都死去了。它还可以造成许多其他疾病。总之,如果你吸烟,你有更大的机会失去你的健康。此外,科学研究显示,吸烟不仅对吸烟者有害,而且对公众健康构成威胁,尤其是对妇女和儿童。因此,许多国家都制定了法律禁止吸烟如电影院,车站,医院等公共场所禁止吸烟,如果你不抽烟,不要开始。戒烟吧,为了你的健康,为了你的家庭,和世界。
There are many students smoking in senior high school, the reason may be that they think they look cool or appear to be more mature while having a cigarette at hand.But there are a lot of reasons not to smoke. Smoking does harm to our health.It is dangerous to our heart and lung. A lot of diseases are caused by cigarettes.Cigarettes also have terrible smell.The seconghand smoke can also be dangerous to the others who stand around you. Therefore, no smoking in public is a strict regulation in many countries. And the most important thing is that once you come into addicitive,it's hard to get rid of it. So,we must keep far from the cigarette——for everybody's health.
高中里有很多学生吸烟,原因可能是他们觉得手中有一支烟看上去很酷或者显得更成熟。但是,不吸烟的原因有很多。吸烟有害我们的健康,对我们的心脏和肺很危险。很多疾病都是由香烟引起的,而且烟的味道不好闻。二手烟对周围的.人也很危险。因此,公共场所禁止吸烟是很多国家的一项严厉规定。最重要的是,一旦你上瘾了就很难戒掉了。所以,为了每个人的健康,我们必须远离香烟。
I attended Jack's birthday party tonight. After dinner, Jack gave cigarets to our boy students present.
At the important moment, I stop them and told them the bad effects of smoking: firstly Smoking is a waste of money and it's greatly harmful to our health. And it can lead to fires easily. So we should not smoke at all.
But it seemed helpless and they wouldn't listen to me. Somebody even said that body and health belonged to themselves and it's up to them to decide whether to smoke or not. I told him calmly, "Even if you have the right to harm your own body, but it doesn't mean that you have the same right to harm others'."
At last, they agreed with me, and some students said that they would never smoke any longer.
For the next one hour, we danced and sang happily, and nobody did smoke again.I felt very happy that my classmate all understood the harmness of smoking.
我今晚参加了杰克的生日派对。晚饭后,杰克给我们的男同学吸烟。
在重要的时刻,我阻止并告诉他们吸烟的不良影响:首先,吸烟很浪费钱,它对对我们的健康危害很大。它会很容易引起火灾。所以我们不应该吸烟,所以我们不能吸烟。
但很无奈似乎他们不听我的。甚至有人说身体是自己的,这是是否吸烟由他们自己说了算。我平静地说,“即使你有伤害自己身体的权利,但这并不意味着你要伤害别人的权利。”
最后,他们同意我的看法,一些学生说他们不会再抽烟了。
在接下来的一个小时里,我们跳舞,唱歌,没有人吸烟了。我感到非常高兴,我的同学都知道了吸烟的危害。
A WOLF who had a bone stuck in his throat hired a Crane, for a large sum, to put her head into his mouth and draw out the bone. When the Crane had extracted the bone and demanded the promised payment, the Wolf, grinning and grinding his teeth, exclaimed: "Why, you have surely already had a sufficient recompense, in having been permitted to draw out your head in safety from the mouth and jaws of a wolf."
In serving the wicked, expect no reward, and be thankful if you escape injury for your pains.
狼误吞下了一块骨头,十分难受,四处奔走,寻访医生。他遇见了鹭鸶,谈定酬金请他 取出骨头,鹭鸶把自己的头伸进狼的喉咙里,叼出了骨头,便向狼要定好的酬金。狼回答 说:“喂,朋友,你能从狼嘴里平安无事地收回头来,难道还不满足,怎么还要讲报酬?”
这故事说明,对坏人行善的报酬,就是认识坏人不讲信用的本质。
Once there were two mice. They were friends. One mouse lived in the country; the other mouse lived in the city. After many years the Country mouse saw the City mouse; he said, "Do come and see me at my house in the country." So the City mouse went. The City mouse said, "This food is not good, and your house is not good. Why do you live in a hole in the field? You should come and live in the city. You would live in a nice house made of stone. You would have nice food to eat. You must come and see me at my house in the city."
The Country mouse went to the house of the City mouse. It was a very good house. Nice food was set ready for them to eat. But just as they began to eat they heard a great noise. The City mouse cried, " Run! Run! The cat is coming!" They ran away quickly and hid.
After some time they came out. When they came out, the Country mouse said, "I do not like living in the city. I like living in my hole in the field. For it is nicer to be poor and happy, than to be rich and afraid."
从前,有两只老鼠,它们是好朋友。一只老鼠居住在乡村,另一只住在城里。很多年以后,乡下老鼠碰到城里老鼠,它说:“你一定要来我乡下的家看看。”于是,城里老鼠就去了。乡下老鼠领着它到了一块田地上它自己的家里。它把所有最精美食物都找出来给城里老鼠。城里老鼠说:“这东西不好吃,你的.家也不好,你为什么住在田野的地洞里呢?你应该搬到城里去住,你能住上用石头造的漂亮房子,还会吃上美味佳肴,你应该到我城里的家看看。”
乡下老鼠就到城里老鼠的家去。房子十分漂亮,好吃的东西也为他们摆好了。可是正当他们要开始吃的时候,听见很大的一阵响声,城里的老鼠叫喊起来:“快跑!快跑!猫来了!”他们飞快地跑开躲藏起来。
过了一会儿,他们出来了。当他们出来时,乡下老鼠说:“我不喜欢住在城里,我喜欢住在田野我的洞里。因为这样虽然贫穷但是快乐自在,比起虽然富有却要过着提心吊胆的生活来说,要好些。”
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