1、复习论文的三要素:论点、论据、论证。
2、所谓的结构布局是指通过某种合理的论证方式把论点、论据有机地组合起来。
3、议论文的整体结构: 提出问题(引论)------凤头
分析问题(本论)------猪肚
解决问题(结论)------豹尾
4、应试常见的结构: 提出论点
举例论证;分析说理
再举例论证,分析说理
重提论点;结论
5、供料作文的两种结构: 从材料引出论点 分析原材料分析原材料 引出论点
补充事例后议论 补充事例后议论联系实际议论 联系实际议论
回到原材料,再次明确论点 回到原材料点题
6、常见的.议论文模式:⑴引申性议论文:A、用材料,得观点:简述材料,分析材料,提出观点。
B、联系实际,展开论证。
C、收束全文。
⑵阐明性议论文:A、提:提出论题、论点; B、证:证明观点的正确;C、联:联系实际,进一步论证; D、结:收束全文。7、议论文本论部分的结构: A、并列式(把论点分为几个分论点)
B、对比式(正反对照)C、层进式(层层深入,步步推进)
(模式:摆现象-----析本质-----指危害-----找原因)
D、总分式:
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
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