考生可以从第一段选择角度,也可以从第二、三、四、五段文字中任意一段(甲乙丙丁四种观点中任意一种选择角度,也可以综合四种观点选择角度,没有优劣之分。可以从材料的内容选择角度,也可以从材料的含意选择角度,没有高下之分。
作文题要求“不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围”。“内容”应指字面上的、表层的意思,“含意”应指深层的抽象概括的意思。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
判断考生作文是否在题意范围之内,主要看是否围绕“微信、微博/交流方式”来谈交流结果、交流空间或交流对象,表达自己的情感及认知。
1.直接评论甲观点,微信朋友圈中得到多数点赞,能愉悦身心,是值得提倡的人际交流方式。
2.对甲的看法商榷甚至质疑,交流中若只在乎表扬,容易使人忘乎所以,满足现状,不利于更好地成长或发展壮大。
3.直接评论乙观点,交流中有批评、指责、嘲讽,才会有自我反思、调整、进步。
4.评价乙观点,微博中表扬批评等多种评论俱存,有利于自己客观、理性去分析认知自己转发或发表的各种信息。
5.从丙的态度看,喜欢一种比较私密的交流方式,向往一种与亲朋好友相处的舒适、亲密的生活。
6.从丁的观点看,乐意置身于一个开放的交流环境,缘于开放交流的种种好处,诸如广泛接触,有利于拓宽视野,择善而学,相互包容,和-谐相处,等等。
7.比较微信、微博的点赞,分析其可信度,微信限于朋友交往,得到的表扬或出于礼节;微博亲疏不拒,获得的肯定多发自肺腑,由此告诫人们理性对待点赞,网络外的交流亦然。
8.如何对待微博的表扬与批评,也可从两方面理解。一方面,因为交流方式的开放性,收到的评价会更加客观真实,有益自我提升;另一方面,由于网络交流的虚拟性,夸大其词的追捧或以匿名的方式进行不负责任的攻击,都有可能,`需要擦亮眼睛,辨别真伪。
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