我的童年有许多趣事,每一件事都像一个果子。有些果子已经掉落了,唯有一个果子又红又大,一直挂在树上。今天,我就把它摘下来,让大家尝尝。
小时候,妈妈经常带我去姥姥家。姥姥的邻居家有一条非常凶猛的狗,每次路过他家门口时,它总是冲着我们凶狠地叫几声。这一次,哥哥带我出去玩的时候,没有听到狗叫声,我感到很奇怪。我悄悄地来到邻居家门口,趴在门缝里一看,哈哈哈,它被主人拴在柱子上了。我一阵狂喜:看你平时凶巴巴的样子,这回看看我的厉害吧。
我转身去商店买了一盒划炮,跑回来,轻轻地把门推开,点着一个扔在它院子里。它以为我给它什么好吃的,乐颠颠地跑了过来,刚跑到划炮跟前,只听“砰”一声响,它“嗷”的一声哀叫,向后退了几步,掉头飞快地跑回了狗窝。看它狼狈的样子,我得意地笑出了声。我还不过瘾,大胆地往前走了走,又点了一个划炮扔在窝前。它聪明了许多,蹲在窝里不敢上前,嘴里“哼”“哼”地叫着,好像在说:“别再惹我了,别再惹我了。”
看见狗那可怜的样子,我起了恻隐之心,又一想起平时它那凶狠的样子,我又一次拿起了划炮点着。我连续扔了好几个,越扔越过瘾,干脆把剩下的全都点着扔进窝里。噼里啪啦的响声把狗吓坏了,它被激怒了,一下子从狗窝里蹿出来。使劲地挣绳子,边挣边狂叫。我没有发现危险的来临,还拿手里的空盒子逗狗呢。哥哥见势不妙,拉起我就跑。在我们刚刚关上门的时候,狗已经挣脱绳子冲到了姥姥家的门口,锋利的爪子把门挠得“咯哧”“咯哧”响。只差一步,太悬了,吓得我出了一身冷汗。
这件事过去很多年了,可这只果子的味道一直在我心里不时地品味,从那时起,我再也不去招惹狗了。
Paul Robert在《英语句子结构》(English Sentence Structure一书中指出:“据多数情况来看,歧义的产生并非故意的。它是由运用句子结构时的疏忽造成的,以致没有能够将可以使意义清晰的标记包罗到句子中去。(周立人,1997∶6”于是忽视使用表明句子结构的句法代号就引起了语法歧义。伍谦光(1995∶199认为:“‘语法歧义’是指由于对句子中的句法结构有不同理解而产生的歧义。”语法歧义最常见,也最复杂。下面是一些具有代表性的类例:
1.1词性
一个句子往往由于无法确定某个词的词性而变得无法理解。
(1College demands change.
很明显,例句中的demands既可理解为动词,也可理解为名词。change同样如此。于是此句就产生了两个不同的意思:(1大学要求改革。demands是动词,change是名词。(2大学的要求改变了。demands是名词,change是动词。
1.2名词(修饰语+名词
1.2.1复合名词或名词短语
(2an English teacher
此例在书面语中易引起歧义:(1一位教英语的老师。English teacher是一个复合名词。(2一位来自英国的老师。English作为修饰语加在名词前构成名词短语。
1.2.2-ing+名词
(3Flying planes can be dangerous.
此句也产生了两种意思:(1驾驶飞机会是危险的。Flying是动名词。(2正在驾驶的飞机会有危险。Fling是现在分词,作形容词用。
1.3带有’s的名词所有格
(4This is his teacher’s book.
句子中teacher’s book可以是一个整体,即“教师用书”。但his teacher也可以是一个整体,即“他的老师”。所以此句产生了两个意思:(1这是他的教师用书。(2这是他老师的书。
1.4不定式动词短语
(5The tiger is too small to kill.
此例也有两种含义:(1这只老虎太小以致于不能伤人。此意对tiger来说,是主动的动作。(2这只老虎太小了,还不能被***。此意对tiger来说,是被动的动作。
1.5“及物动词+宾语”结构
(6I found Jim an experienced teacher.
及物动词found后面接了两个名词Jim和an experienced teacher。这句话有两个意思:(1我发现吉姆原来是一位有的老师。(2我为吉姆找到了一位有经验的老师。
1.6并列连词and
(7Tom and Lucy are married.
此句可理解为:(1汤姆和露西两个成了亲。其中and连接两个名词,构成一个简单句。(2汤姆和露西两个都已结婚。该句可看作一个并列句。
1.7悬挂式否定词not
(8His object is not to eat.
此句产生的两种意思为:(1他的目的不是吃。作此意讲时,is和not的关系紧密,可写作isn’t。(2他的目的是绝食。作此意讲时,not与to eat的关系紧密,形成“绝食”的含义。因此not是悬挂式的(即可以自由摆动。
1.8悬挂式代词
(9The man informed his brother that he should lose weight.
人称代词he位于两个名词the man和his brother之后,句意变得模糊:(1这个男的告诉他的哥哥他自己应该减肥。人称代词he代指the man。(2这个男的告诉他的哥哥他应该减肥。这时人称代词he代指his brother。
1.9悬挂式状语修饰成分
(10The people who saw the play frequently praised it.
这里的frequently很难说是修饰saw the play还是praised的,因为状语修饰成分是“悬挂的”,所以产生了两个意思:(1经常看戏的人们称赞了它。(2看了这出戏的人们频繁地称赞它。
1.10悬挂式定语修饰成分
(11Lily likes the vase on the table which she bought yesterday.
此句中的which she bought yesterday是定语从句,这个定语从句可认为是修饰vase,也可以认为是修饰table。也引起了歧义:(1莉莉喜欢放在桌子上的那个昨天买的花瓶。(2莉莉喜欢放在昨天买的桌子上的那个花瓶。
Dear Amy,
亲爱的艾米:
Long time no see. How is everything going? I am writing to tell you a good new about me. I received my high school admission this morning. It is No.1 high school in my hometown. You know that it is my dream school. I am so excited to share this good news with you. You will be happy for me, right? Now, it is your turn. How about you? Have you receive you admission yet? Have you come back from your Guangzhou trip? I am eager to know your life recently. Look forward to your replying.
很久不见。最近怎么样了?我写这封信给你是想告诉你我的一个好消息。我今早收到高中入学通知书了。是我家乡的第一高中。你知道的,那是我梦想中的学校。我 真的很激动,所以急于跟你分享这个消息。你会为我感到高兴的,是吗?现在,该轮到你了。你怎么样了?收到通知书了吗?你的广州之旅结束了吗?我很想了解你 的近况。期待你的回信。
Best wishes,
Li Hui
李慧
童年是一首歌,歌里有我们跳动的音符;童年是一首诗,诗里有我们的韵脚;童年是一幅画,画里有我们五彩的生活;童年是一支笔,笔下有我们的美好回忆。
记得那年我七岁,上小学一年级。开学时学校给我们发了新书包,书包里应有尽有。一个文具盒里装了三支笔和一块橡皮。这三支笔分别是铅笔、黑色彩笔和自动笔。我不知道自动笔怎么用,根据字面的意思应该是一个可以自动帮你写字的东西。我们老师说那支自动笔不适合我们用,所以让我们扔了。可我还是想要自动笔,因为有了它我就不用写作业了!我求妈妈给我买,妈妈说:“自动笔和你心爱的芭比娃娃只能选一个,你选吧!”我心想:还是不写作业比较好,然后我选择了自动笔。我和妈妈来到了超市,买了自动笔。回到家,我就迫不及待的坐到学习桌旁,打开作业本,手里拿着充满神奇力量的自动笔,等待它帮我完成作业。可是等了半天它也不动,我着急的问妈妈:“妈妈,它怎么不写字呢?”
妈妈听后哈哈大笑,差一点笑破了肚皮,笑够了,就对我说:“傻孩子,它怎么可能会自动写字呢?自动笔只是为你节省了削铅笔的过程。”“哦,那我要芭比娃娃!芭比娃娃!”我大声的说。
妈妈见我哭哭啼啼的样子,再次牵着我的手走进了商店……生活是夜空,而童年是最闪耀的星星;生活是一个大花园,而童年是最美的花儿;生活是一片森林,而童年是最茁壮的一棵大树,树上的分叉就是那一件件的童年趣事!
Sometimes I dream about life in the future. What will it be?
Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday or even live on the moon,and some scientists will build cities under the sea to make people live there. We can have a medical examination or do some shopping without leaving our homes,which makes the life more convenient. Maybe we will also do some shopping and work at home.
And I'm sure there'll be more educational programmes on the radio or TV or by the Intemet or videophones,so perhaps some children won't need to go to school every day. They'll study at home.
In the future,all electric equipment at home is under the con-trol of computers. People can learn about the situation of the house by working on the computer at the office. No people like doing housework. Maybe each family will have a robot. Every day we can tell the robot what to do-shopping,housework and so on. believe the dream will come true some day.
Children's finally here, it is our holiday, but imagine the children also accompanied by together, everybody is more excited.
Children on this day, white clouds float over the blue sky, the children also have made a hot air balloon, they sit together on yourself a hot-air balloon, extremely happy! Balloon flying high, and finally flew to the sky, the children are in the sky holiday, the children sit on clouds, umpa jump, like a frisky little monkey.
Playing children, suddenly to rain cats and dogs, the children of the balloon has stalled, baiyun sister swept away by the wind, the children fell into despair. Is a time of crisis, a group of dragonflies sister and sister flew caught the children, and the safety of the children to the ground.
On the ground, only butterflies woven into a rainbow "lei", the children wear a wreath, some like a fairy, some like a warrior.
Play tired, the children fell asleep between full of fragrance of flowers.
Children's good play my imagination, to one day be able to live in such a children's day.
当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。
有人选择看电影,有人则喜欢读原著。
请你以“Film or book, which do you prefer”为题,按照下列要点写一篇英语短文:
1、看电影:省时、有趣、易懂
2、读原著:细节更多、语言优美
3、我的看法及理由
注意:1、词数:1502、参考词汇:original work或book in the original(原著)One possible Version
Film or book, which do you preferis that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.
They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful. home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and what’s more, I am able to better understand the author’s ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
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