I had a summer holiday from Jule to August.I was very happy ,because I could da many kinds of things.
I went to the beach and I swam in the sea.I called my friend and played with them.I visitde my grandparents and ate much delicious food.But in August,there is a first tyhoon.With terrifying fear and my mother bought some food.I was very unhappy,because I could not played out side.
Then I went to the zoo whit my sister.I was very happy.Because I saw a lot of animals.They were very lovable.So I took photos of all animals.I loved the butterful the best.They were colourful and beautiful.My sister liked it too.
In summer holiday,I went to the places where the sun shines brightly.I went to where the see is blue too.All students had a happy summer holiday.
My holiday life will be busy but interesting. I am going to do my homework every day so that I can finish my homework on time.I am going to the library to borrow some books and go to the shops to buy some books so that I can read some interesting books. I am going to play sports such as playing basketball, table tennis, swimming and so on . Of course I am going to help my parents do some housework because they are busy with their work every day.I am going to spend a week in Shanghai with my parents so that we can see the expo. I am sure I am going to have an interesting and happy summer vacation.
summer can be very hot in southern taiwan where the temperature usually goes up to 32"c or more. because of the heat it is a trying experience to go to school or do anything else in a place that is not air-conditioned. also because of this i stay at home most of the time during the summer vacation and only occasionally go to the beach to plunge myself into the cool water as a way to keep my body less sticky.
actually i like swimming and think nothing is more refreshing than a swim. in the summer vacation that has just ended i went swimming many times with my classmates and we all had a good time. this summer vacation, however, was not spent entirely in seeking fun. as a second-year senior student i had to prepare myself for the college entrance examinations that were only a year away. in other words, i must find time to study, too.
so i divided my time between work and play during the summer vacation and derived much benefit from this arrangement.
一、说明文阅读理解的特征 一般说来,英语说明文与其它文体一样,文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面,即Who→What→When→Where→How→Why。
1. Who:问的是这篇文章的主体是谁?(即所要说明和描述的人或事物)
2. What:问的是主体做了什么事情?(即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途)
3. When和Where:是在何时何地发生的`?(即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途)
4. How:通过什么方式表现出来的?
5. Why:这种特性功能用途的原因是什么?
做说明文阅读阅读的时候,一定要记住上面的Wh-word。边阅读,边搜记,牢记要点,把握全文。
二.说明文阅读理解的类型 掌握说明文阅读理解题的类型对考生来说非常有必要。一般来说,高考对阅读理解的命题类型主要有以下几种:
1. 细节理解题
说明文中考查的细节理解题大致与记叙文相似。命题区域都有其共同点。⑴在列举处命题。如用First(1y、Second(1y、Third(1yFinally、not only…but also、then、in addition等表示顺承关系的词语列举出事实。试题要求考生从列举出的内容中选出符合题干要求的答案项。⑵在例证处命题。句中常用由as、such as、for example、for instance等引导的短语或句子作为例证,这些例句或比喻就成为命题者设问的焦点。⑶在转折对比处命题。一般通过however、but、yet、in fact等词语来引导。对比用unlike、until、not so much…as等词语引导,命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。⑷在比较处命题。无端的比较、
相反的比较、偷换对象的比较,经常出现在干扰项中,考生要标记并且关注到原文中的比较,才能顺利地排除干扰。⑸在复杂句中命题。包括同位词、插入语、定语、从句、不定式等,命题者主要考查考生对句子之间的指代关系和语法关系。
细节类问题一般都能在原文中找到出处,只要仔细就可以在文中找到答案。但正确的选择项不可能与阅读材料的原文完全相同,而是用不同的语句成句型表达相同的意思。
2. 语义猜测题 说明文为了把自然规律,事物的性质等介绍清楚或把事理阐述明白,因此学术性强的生词较多,所以常进行生词词义判断题的考查。命题方式多以The underlined part “…” in Paragraph…refers to….或What does the underlined word mean?或What is the meaning of the underlined word?为设问方式。解题时考生应认真阅读原文,分析其对某些科学原理是如何定义、如何解释的,并以此为突破口抽象概括出生词词义。也可以通过上下文来猜测某个陌生词语的语意。或者找出某个词语在文章中的同义词。要注意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有解释、说明作用的语言成分。说明文在阐述说明对象时易发生动作变换、人称转变的现象,这类题目常以 it,they,them 等代词为命题点,因此考生要根据上下文语境,认真阅读原文,分析动作转换背景,弄清动作不同执行者,以便准确判断代词的其实际指代对象。
3. 主旨理解题
说明文常用文章大意判断题考查考生对通篇文意的理解。即对文章的主题或中心意思的概括和归纳。主要考查考生对文章的整体理解能力。命题形式常以This passage mainly talks about ____.What is the main idea of the passage?为设问方式。这种试题多以This passage mainly talks about the major
surprising findings about….为回答方法。答题时首先阅读题干,掌握问题的类型,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位,再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比,有根有据地排除干扰项,选出正确答案。
4. 判断推理题。
这种试题常以The passage is intended to...(2 The author suggests that...(3 The story implies that…(4 Which point of view may the author agree to?(5 From the passage we can conclude that...(6 The purpose of the passage is to...为设问方式。这种题型的答案在原文中不是直接就能找到的,它要求考生进行合理的推断。如因果关系,文中的某些用词、语气也往往具有隐含意义,考生要将这种含义读出来。说明文常出现图示判断题,这种试题可以事物之间正确的依赖关系为命题点,要求考生判断其正确的流程顺序相互关系等。考生一定要认真阅读原文,并对照原文介绍的情况,弄清图示的差异,根据题干需要最终做出正确判断。如:动物介绍性说明文常出现动物能力判断题,考查考生对特定动物所具有能力的判断。解题时考生应认真阅读原文对动物形态活动能力的判断,了解动物的生存环境和是否会使用工具,是否善于爬行、飞翔和游泳等。
观点态度题也是判断推理题考查的内容之一。说明文的对象为客观事实,但设题以议论的表达方式抒发对该说明对象的想法。如对某种新发明的赞赏,或对某个事物的批判。这类题目常见的题干表达方式有"What was the author?s attitude towards ...?" 等。
【实例探究】 Northwest China is part of the sandstorm centre in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of "desertification". This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
【问题设计】
According to the passage which is NOT likely to cause "desertification"?
A. Climate changes. B. Cutting down trees.
C. Digging up grass. D. Saving water.
先要理解所引古籍或名言的含义,现联系说明的内容,看看这两者间有何内在联系,就能领悟其引用的目的了。在说明的开头文段或中间叙述有关的故事,究竟起何作用:
在文章开头叙述故事,其目的往往是为了引起读者阅读的兴趣,或者是为了引出说明对象。
在文章或段落中间叙述故事,往往是为了增强说明文的可读性,同时也为了说明事物的来源或作用。
推理判断题最主要的就是注重文章结构的逻辑关系,抓住关键词,结合有关的生活和社会常识,理清文章的结构层次、文章内容和文章的中心思想,推断作者的写作意图和写作目的,进行推断。
Summertime is the best time of the year.There is no school for months and I get to do what I want.With no tests and no homework,I’m as free as a bird.
I do many things during the summer vacation.I relax by reading books and watching TV.I also hang out with my friends and travel with my family.However,I don’t only play in summer.I take advantage#from 我的暑假英语作文4篇来自学优网http://www.gkstk.com/ end# of the free time to learn more.For example,last summer I learned to swim.This summer I might study computers or English.Summer vacation flies by fast,so it’s important to do as much as you can.My Summer Holiday
I went to the countryside to spend my summer holidays this year. I liked green plants, clear rivers and lovely amimals there.I breathed the fresh air on the mountain and sometimes I went swimming in the river. I kept a diary every day.
I liked not only the scene of the countryside, but also the people there. I helped them to do farm work. I also helped the children in the neighbourhood with their lessons. The children were interested in English. They were good at reading and writing, but did not do well in listening and speaking. I helped them improve their listening and speaking. Their parents thought highly of me. I realized that knowledge is greatly needed in the countryside.
无论小学、中学还是高中、中职的学生,他们都正处在成长关键时期,心性不定、好动、张扬、喜欢表现自我、展示自我。作为英语教师要充分利用学生的`这个心理特点,有针对性地采取有效阅读的教学策略,培养学生对英语阅读的兴趣,保证英语教学的质量,提高学生的英语综合素质。例如,教师可以定期开展英语情景剧表演、英语阅读比赛、情景对话等,营造学习氛围,让学生有身临其境的学习体验,让素材中的人物活过来,故事生动起来。在这样有针对性的活动中,不但能调动学生主动表现角色,呈现最好的自己,进行主动阅读,而且在这种灵活有趣的阅读学习中,能够强化阅读训练,激发阅读兴趣,让学生养成良好的阅读习惯,从而促进学生阅读能力的提高和发展,完成阅读教学的任务。
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