今天,与同桌孔望丁的一次争吵让我十分郁闷。
早上第二节课时,我从桌子上发现一张“读书卡”。我还以为没人要了,就拿起笔在上面展示我的“艺术细胞”。这时,孔望丁气愤地冲我吼道:“这是我的,你干什么在上面画。?”额,好惨。惹中她了。“请听我解释。”我再三请求她的原谅。她好像不吃这招,气呼呼地扭过头去,不再理我。看来,软的不吃,只好给你吃硬的了。你不原谅我,我也不理你了。
这种状态一直持续了两节课。
原来下了课,我和孔望丁都是手拉手一起去跳大绳,可是,现在呢?唉——好别扭啊。我再也忍不住了,决定给她写个纸条赔礼道歉。唉,可惜上课了。直好再忍忍了。
一个竖笛让我们和好了。
音乐课时,我们唱起了《迷人的火塘》这首歌——“点燃了侗家欢乐的时光,啊――啊――”这时,孔望丁吹起竖笛为我们“伴奏”。虽然声音很小(只有我听见了,但竖笛声是那样柔美,使我鼓起勇气,决定给她道歉。好紧张啊。一开始,我只是慢慢地靠近她,生怕把她惹急了。后来,我找了许多借口问她关于竖笛的一大堆问题。开始,她只是用一个字“嗯、是、好―――”来回答我。渐渐地,你一句,我一句,我们像原来一样开心地聊了起来。
啊。笼罩在我心头的愁云终于散去。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
前情提要:炒菜”cook the meaIs”倒垃圾“empti the trash”
这是一节英语课······
老师,全班同学齐读:“sweep the floor!”(扫地)(有杂音,有杂音!)
老师,全班同学齐读:“wayer the flowers!”(浇花)(有杂音,有杂音!)
同学1:“ I’can sweep the follr!”(我会扫地)
老师:“He’s helpfu!”(你有用)
老师:“齐读!wayer the flowers!“
同学XXXX+大声音最大:“wayer the floor!!!!”(浇地...)
老师:“同学刘XXXX+大!”
同学刘XXXX+超级卡壳..
老师:“....浇地也可以....”(神情一般..)
老师:“······”
下课了。
刘爽对我们说:“我学会了个新单词!sweep the flowers!!!”(扫花) 我超级晕...
我对同桌说:“刘爽又发明了新单词!cook the trash!(炒垃圾)empty the Liushuang(倒刘爽)!!!!”
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
和开头一样,结尾也是构成文章的主要部分。好的结尾应该言简意深,余味无穷,画龙点睛,水到渠成,有深化主题、突出中心、增强文章感染力、加深读者印象的作用。可以总结全文,可以抒发感情,可以言尽而意无尽,还可以照应开头。常见的结尾方法有
1、首尾呼应法。即文章的开头和结尾要互相照应,特别是在结尾要回应开头,使文章成为一个完整的整体,不至于因为开头和结尾相距甚远,而使文章相互脱节,给人以残缺感。如一考生的作文《朋友》的结尾是:漫漫人生路,朋友会有好多,而像父亲这样的朋友却只有一个,我将永远记住他——我的朋友——父亲。
2、留有空白法。作文要给读者留下一定的想象空间,让读者通过联想和想象去加以补充,从而产生令人回味无穷的艺术效果。如一考生的作文《说句心里话》的结尾:路灯发着暗淡的光,我毫无目的地走在平直的马路上。说句心里话,我也曾怀疑过他们是否爱我,难道衡量的角度除了分数就没有别的了吗?我默默地走着,渐渐路上的人少了,可能是都回家了,可是今天我什么时候回家呢?我不知道……
3、余音袅袅法。这种结尾既深刻又发人深省,能够让读者在读完你的文章之后掩卷深思。如《父亲》一文的结尾:“树欲静而风不止,子欲养而亲不在。”人天相隔,骨肉永离。爸爸,您在哪里?您在哪里?我无语问苍天,无语问苍天啊!
4、总结概括法。在结尾时对全文作简单的总结,揭示事件的意义,点明题旨,深化中心。如一考生的《给我教益的一件事》一文的结尾:这件事使我受到很大的教益。在别人处于困境时,我们应该伸出援助之手。友谊、帮助和理解,能消除人与人之间的隔膜。
5、抒情言志法。结尾用抒情的语句,阐发自己真实的情感体验,直抒胸臆,情感浓烈,感人肺腑,表达作者的愿望和志向,并紧扣题旨,往往能打动读者,引起共鸣。如《爸爸妈妈,你们可知道》一文的结尾:爸爸妈妈,女儿也有自尊,你们别让女儿抬不起头来。爸爸,请不要浑身酒气地把妈妈打得鼻青脸肿;妈妈请不要让那些盘碟再成为你们大战的牺牲品。你们的女儿渴望有一个祥和的家,渴望一片宁静的天地。爸爸妈妈,别再吵了,让我们重建一个美好的新天地吧!
早晨第一节课下课后,因我在外面玩,耽搁了些时间,直到上课铃响了才想进教室,当我看见老师已站在讲台上,面对着黑板写字时,我深怕被老师发现。于是我不喊报告心情忐忑地从后门溜了进去,我正想从同桌背后跨过去,没想到因空间狭小,我的脚被卡在了同桌的背后,
我低下头急忙轻声对同桌说:“喂,麻烦你让一下。”可他却没有反应,我还以为他没听见,我又低下头提高了点嗓门儿,带哀求的口气对他说:“让一下。”我本以为他这次会让开,没想到他居然还是纹丝不动,我气急了。不巧的是老师正好转过头来,瞪了我一眼,我赶紧把那不肯让开的同桌使劲向前推了下,这时脚才得以跨过,坐到了位子上,心情很不愉快……
终于下课了,同桌马上把头转向我,破口大骂:“你有病呀,刚才推我干什么呀?。”我已经稍息的怒火顿时燃起,心想:真是倒打一耙。“你才有病呢,谁叫你不让我过去呀。”我怒目圆睁大声地喊道。我们就这样争执着,谁也不肯相让……
随着争吵的升级同桌的脸涨得比红苹果还红,满眼充满了怒火,双手握的'紧紧的,怒火挤出的皱纹,看似凶神恶煞,活象一头发怒的小狮子,似乎恨不得一口把我给吞了。当时我简直被吓呆了。似乎是我错了,他一点也没错似的……终于我们都累了,安静了些。战火还没熄灭多久,同桌又来推我,报复的心理驱使我使尽全力推他,同桌抡起了拳……眼看就要打起来了,此时围观的同学及时把我们拉开,才避免了冲突的升级。
事后,当我心平气和的时候,我主动地向他道歉,我的姿态终于感化了同桌的心,融化了我与同桌之间的矛盾,我们又和好如初了。我终于知道了:当与同学有冲突时互相谅解,有困难时互相帮助,才能和同学建立和谐、友好的关系。
Expert tips on how to prevent avian influenza H7N9 collated by current argument data dictionary
1.平时加强体育锻炼,多休息,避免过度劳累,不吸烟,勤洗手;注意个人卫生,打喷嚏或咳嗽时掩住口鼻。
1 usually strengthen physical exercise, rest more, avoid excessive overworked, do not smoke, wash their hands; pay attention to personal hygiene, when sneezing or coughing and cover your nose and mouth.
2.保持室内清洁,使用消毒液清洗的地毯,避免使用难以清洗的地毯,保持地面、天花板、家具及墙壁清洁,确保排水道通畅;保持室内空气流通,应每天开窗换气两次,每次至少10分钟,或使用抽气扇保持空气流通;尽量少去 空气不流通的场所。
2 keep the room clean, use disinfectant cleaning carpets, avoid the use of hard to clean the carpet, keep the floor, ceiling, furniture and walls clean, to ensure smooth drainage channel; maintains the indoor air circulation, ventilation windows should be at least two times a day, 10 minutes each time, or use a fan to keep air circulation; as little as possible to airless places.
3.注意饮食卫生,进食禽肉、蛋类要彻底煮熟,加工、保存食物时要注意生、熟分开;养成良好的卫生习惯,搞好厨房卫生,不生食禽肉和内脏。解剖活(死家禽、家畜及其制品后要彻底洗手。
3, pay attention to food hygiene, eating meat, eggs should be thoroughly cooked, processing, preservation of food to the attention of raw, cooked separately; develop good health habits, good kitchen hygiene, do not eat raw poultry meat and offal. Anatomy of living (dead to wash hands thoroughly, livestock and poultry products.
同时,在户外洗手不方便的时候,可以使用免洗洗手液,随身携带,随时随地隔离病菌,呵护您的健康。
At the same time, when the outdoor hand-washing is not convenient, can use hand sanitizer, carry whenever and wherever possible, isolate the pathogen, take care of your health.
4.发现疫情时,应尽量避免与禽类接触;公众特别是儿童应避免密切接触家禽和野禽。
4 found in the epidemic, should avoid contact with poultry; the public especially children should avoid close contact with poultry and wild birds.
5.注意生活用具的消毒处理。禽流感病毒不耐热,100°C下一分钟即可灭活。对干燥、紫外线照射、汞、氯等常用消毒药都很敏感。
5 pay attention to disinfection and living appliances. Avian influenza viruses do not heat, 100 ° C, one minute can be inact
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