1. It is fun at school.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
2.I like grapes.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
3. Miss Green is a good English teacher.
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改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
4. Norman likes maths.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
5. Jim is watching TV.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
6.There are so many animals.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
7.I can hear something in the next room.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
8. I’ve got the letter“n”.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
9. MMike has got a picture of Shanghai.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
10.There’s a big playroom in our school.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
11. They have got some bananas.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
12. Tom and Jim are watching a match.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
13. I want some carnations for my mother.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
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否定回答_____________________________________________
14. Those are roses.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
In short, it can be said that
一. .................................................................................................................................................. 1
二. .................................................................................................................................................. 1
三. .................................................................................................................................................. 2
四. .................................................................................................................................................. 3
五. .................................................................................................................................................. 8
一简述
1. 当过去分词在句末时,不管有无逗号,都是就近修饰名词;
2.现在分词在句末时,无逗号是就近修饰的名词的定语;
3.当现在分词在句尾且前有逗号时,修饰邻近句子的'主语,做主语的伴随状语或做句子的伴随结果.因此不能用句尾现在分词修饰前面句尾的名词. 所以OG127说C选项:"the phrasehaving been assigned...is uncertain in reference,making the sentence unclear."-->就是说这个现在分词本来是应该修饰前面的employee的,却变成了修饰主语governments了. (另外在GMAT里,having been done的用法错误,应直接用done
避免上述错误的方法:所修饰的名词在句尾用定语从句修饰--OG127正确选项B (而不用加逗号的现在分词修饰.其实分词是定语从句的省略形式,在句中无逗号分词(注意是无逗号的,有逗号的在句中有歧义就比定语从句简洁还有 OG120也是同样道理:修饰句尾名词,正确选项A用定语从句.E选项的句尾现在分词错误.
4.当现在/过去分词在句中且前没有逗号,修饰前面紧邻名词;
5.当现在/过去分词在句中且前后都有逗号,有歧义:1修饰前面紧邻的名词,2向后修饰后面句子的主语.
这种结构在GMAT肯定错,如果修饰某句主语,则避免将该分词置于以名词结尾的句后.避免方式:1用定语从句/介词短语明确修饰对象.2可将分词提到句首,所修饰主语及所在句子紧跟其后-->形成句首分词修饰句子主语.见OG179
6.在前面有多个名词如名词1+介词+名词2结构,而要用分词修饰名词1时,为避免歧义要重复名词1即用同位语结构:名词1+介词+名词2,名词1+分词.见OG208
二.
1、doing/done,SVO 注意分词的逻辑主语与S一致
2、介词/连词+doing/done,SVO 也要注意分词逻辑主语与S一致
3、S,doing/done,V 分词作定语修饰主语(前后一对逗号隔开,相当于定语从句)
注意:如果出现: “名词,doing,名词”,则会有分词前后的修饰歧义,如179DE,245E
4、SVO doing 分词作定语修饰主语,如 96AC,121C,146E,222A,234B,237E
5、SVO,doing
A、分词优先作状语
1)修饰主语(与分词在句首一样,注意逻辑主语),如 33B,39C,44B,120E,163D,256B
2)修饰主句动作,如 78BD,119B,154A,259A
B、其次作定语,但没有定语从句清晰,会有修饰歧义,如 253DE,(“,including”除外 249)
6、SVO done 分词作定语修饰O(同4)
7、SVO,done
A、分词作状语修饰S,如 大全558
B、分词作定语修饰O,如 127A(分词相当于形容词 253A)
some people base on sth是绝对错误的。但是有sb. base sth. on sth.的用法. 三.
1.SVO+doing,无逗号的情况下doing是针对宾语的动作,96AC(OG says : assuring针对主语有问题,121C,146E,222A(OG says: enabling很好的修饰了宾语,234B,237E -------以上证明了ets的偏好,svo+doing修饰主语是模糊的,修饰宾语是清晰的
2.SVO, doing有逗号,33B,39C(Og says:protecting很好的
解释了主语的行为,44B,120E(Og says:错误选项有可能混淆的指代主语而不是逻辑上正确的宾语,163D(Og says:sleeping正确的修饰了主语,256B --------以上证明了在Og中svo,doing的doing多指代主语
3.svo,doing有逗号,78BD(doing指代了前面整个句子的行为,119B(同前,154A(*,259A(同前------------以上证明了Og中svo,doing的doing多指代前面的整个句子
四.例子
产生participle phrases原点是为了to reduce wordiness by replacing longer adverbial or relative clauses,另外要强调的重要讯息不会写成participle phrases,因为分词修饰语属于次等地位(The
modifier is subordinate to the main clause。也就是说A….and B…(A与B一样重要,如果A…V..,B...Ving (就重要性而言A>B
简单一句:分词构句是主要句子的意义延伸。
目前我看到有几种句意:
1. 因果(★★★★★
2. 补述:解释某事(★★★、描述状态并列或伴随(★★、纯举例
participle
phrases如此具困扰性是因为可以改写的来源多
1.由adj. clauses (如who, which开头可改写成分词词组。考题中可分形容词子句限制性、非限制性改分词的考法。
2. 副词子句(有连接词开头的也可改分词词组,所以有因果关系或时间关系,单纯就时间关系看,可以有先后或同时,会有动作是伴随或是并列关系。
3.当三个以上的动词用and相连时,后面的部分也改写成分词(V, Ving... and Ving...。
我看过的说法中,觉得Manhatan GMAT备考网站,里面指导员所讲的分词概念不错,但是他的目的在卖书,所以讲的真的不多。
1.当分词构句放句首,修饰后面句子的主词。前几天看到有人发帖的整理,讲到分词在句首,表示此动作先于主要句子的动作,讲的真好。
2.当分词构句不放在句首时:
if
there's NO COMMA before a participle, then the participle creates an adjective phrase that modifies the noun immediately
preceding.
if
there's a COMMA before a participle, then the participle creates an adverb phrase that modifies the action of the preceding
clause.
PS:逗号的产生可能是插入语,遇到插入语可以跳过不看,不代表分词修饰这个插入语。
判断上抓前句的动词与主词,如果用中文想就是「此主体这个动作的行为导致或表示.....」(to modify the action of。而且不可以只有思考主词或动词。 如果遇到前句有数个动词,以找最近的动词为主,譬如V1 to V2,分词构句修饰V2
3.
participle (V-ing after the comma can not modify the subject of the preceding clause's
noun.
這個考「什么情况下不可以改成分词构句?」除了需要有对等连接词的句子,不可改分词构句,因为句意重要性会被改变外,
打逗号的Ving分词,无法修饰逗号之前的名词,所以非限制的形容词子句最好不要改分词Ving构句(有7個考題,但是Ved分词例外(有两个考题。
如果我是一条蛇,那我将会是什么样子呢?我的将来又会是怎样的呢?
如果我是一条蛇。我将会有一身金银相交十分耀眼的外表,有一双小而机敏的眼睛,有一个高高凸起的额。对了,我还有着一口雪亮如同刀刃一般令人望而生畏的牙,牙上还沾满了许多许多的毒汁。我走到哪儿,那儿的人们都会尖叫起来,并打着寒颤。
如果我是一条蛇。我将是一条善良的蛇,我会为人们看好每一块庄稼地,我会将那些偷吃稻谷的田鼠、麻雀统统吃掉,让它们一见到我便会昏倒在地,无处可逃。我还会象小狗一样为人们看好家,如果有小偷擅自光顾时,我便会毫不迟疑地扑上去,咬住他,让他知道,我可不是好惹的。这样小偷肯定会疼得大叫一声,并且快速地飞奔而去。我的报酬便将是一碗香美的鱼肉,这样我便一举两得了。
如果我是一条蛇。人们也许都会很讨厌我,惧怕我,甚至厌弃我。那么,我将会从一个高贵的蛇的身份,一下子成为老鼠的同类,而人人喊打。那么,我也就成了一条流浪蛇,没有了家,没有了朋友,一直将是形影相吊。但是,如果我是在冬天被冻僵了,我想我也不会再重演《农夫与蛇》的故事。虽然我不会咬伤我的恩人,但是也再不会有人帮助我的,因为我毕竟是一只天天流浪的可怜的蛇,无依无靠的小小蛇,那怕我的相貌在蛇族中倾城倾国。
如果我是一条蛇。我的下场也许十分的悲惨,我也许会被猎人捉住,他们会从我的口中将毒液一滴一滴的'取出,以高价进行出售,然后把我的牙齿拔掉,做成锋利的小刀或制成一些精美的小艺术品。他们会将我那美丽漂亮的外皮,从我身上扒下来晒干,做成皮带、手套或是时尚的皮靴。他们还会将我的肉用尖刀一层一层的削下来,烤着吃,看着我在痛苦的***中死去。
我似乎看见了我血淋淋的样子,我有了些害怕,但愿我下辈子不是一条蛇。
虫有很多种,个个都有名字:甲壳虫、七星瓢虫、毛毛虫等等。可是,今天我在语文书上看到了周月泉画家的一幅漫画。它,引起了我的深思……
木头李以卖树为生。一次,他穿着刚买树得来的钱,买了一套崭新的衣服,头顶鸭舌帽,瞪着铜铃般的眼睛仔细盯着树木。抽出一根香烟吸着,接着像模像样的试了试斧头的刀锋,握紧斧头,“刷刷”的砍了起来。突然, “扑扑”几声,一只啄木鸟停在了木头李的肩膀上,盯住了木头李的“不毛之地”,想:这段木头里一定有虫……
看完了之后,我笑了。但笑完之后心中久久不能平静。盗木人有榆木一样的脑袋真没错,因为他也不想想,毁坏树木资源就等于毁灭自己。人类的生存哪一样离得开自然资源的给予呢?
“这段木头里一定有虫……”这句话引起了我的思考,人的脑袋里真的会有虫?对,这条虫就是贪婪虫、无知虫、自私虫……为了金钱而生出来的虫!世界上,这类“脑袋有虫”的人数不胜数,可啄木鸟却是寥寥无几。我不由自主地想到了一个个触目惊心的数字:因为人类的活动,现在,全球森林面积从1990年的39.6亿公顷下降到2000年的38亿公顷,这都是人类不注意保护环境而造成的。如果人类将森林砍伐光了,陆地上的生物将减少90%,将有250万个生物物种灭绝。
如今我们必须保护我们这个美丽的地球,因为拯救地球就是拯救未来,而我们首先应该做的就是帮助像“木头李”一类的人,灭掉脑子里那条贪婪的虫。让我们能问心无愧的回答说:“我是保护环境的使者!”
1. Nancy is too young to dress herself.
Nancy is not _____ _____ to dress herself.
2. My watch doesn't work well.
There is ____ _____ _______ my watch.
3. Jane doesn't go to work by bus any longer.
Jane ____ _____ _____ to work by bus.
4. It took Mary two weeks to prepare for the exam.
Mary _____two weeks____ ______ for the exam.
5. It seems that they have known each other.
They seem to _____ _____ each other.
6. "My grandpa doesn't like coffee or coke" said Bob
Bob said that _____grandpa liked _____coffee _____coke.
7. Cao Fei joined the League three years ago.
Cao Fei _____ ____ _____ the League for three years.
8. I prefer walking there to going by bus.
I prefer to walk there ____ _____ going by bus.
9. -Thank you very much. -You're welcome.
- ____ a lot. -Not at____ .
10. Kitty does well in English.
Kitty ____ ____ ____ English.
11. They realized Hainan was a beautiful place after they reached there.
They____ realize Hainan was a beautiful place_____ they reached there.
12. We will have to finish the work hardly if you don't help us. We can't finish the work _____ _____ ______
13. My dictionary isn't so thick as yours.
My dictionary is _____ than yours.
14. Could you tell me where the East Street Hospital is? Excuse me, ____ is the _____ to the East Street Hospital?
15. The book is exciting to read.
It is ____ _____ read the book.
16. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?" Jack's mother asked him ____ he ____ packed his things.
17. She likes singing better than dancing. She ____ singing ____ dancing.
18. Remember to ring me up as soon as you get to Nanjing Make ____ to give me a ring as soon as you _____ Nanjing.
19. They couldn't catch the train because of the heavy traffic. The heital?
15. The book is exciting to read.
It is ____ _____ read the book.
16. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?" Jack's mother asked him ____ he ____ packed his things.
17. She likes singing better than dancing. She ____ singing ____ dancing.
18. Remember to ring me up as soon as you get to Nanjing Make ____ to give me a ring as soon as you _____ Nanjing.
19. They couldn't catch the train because of the heavy traffic. The heavy traffic _____ them from _____ the train.
20. My brother has been away from home for two days.
My brother _____ home two days _____ .
21. Li Lei decided to move to Canada when he was thirty.
Li Lei made a _____ to move to Canada at the _____ of thirty.
22. Jim was too careless to pass the exam last term.
Jim was not_____ _____ to pass the exam last term.
23. If you don't hurry up, you can't catch the train.
Hurry up, _____ you may _____ the train.
24. Yang Li wei said to us, "I'm going to visit your school tomorrow. " We were all pleased.
We were all pleased when we heard Yang Li wei_____ visit_____ school the next day.
25. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. I have ____seen _____ an interesting film before.
26. I was late for school because of the traffic accident. The traffic accident _____ me _____ getting to school on time.
我在一本漫画书上看过这样一则漫画:在一个大森林里,一个人嘴里叼着一根烟,拿着一把锋利的斧头砍伐一棵棵大树,而大树也在哭泣,那个人肩膀上停了一只啄木鸟,啄木鸟看了看那个人的脑袋,说:“这段木头里一定有虫。”
不知这副漫画的含义大家看懂没有,那个人脑袋的确有“虫”,不过此虫非彼虫 ,这个“虫”指的是那个人破坏生态平衡的心虫,怪不不得啄木鸟说他“脑袋有虫”,不过在我们平时的生活中、世界上,这类“脑袋有虫”的人数不胜数,可啄木鸟却是寥寥无几。
平时,不少同学的草稿纸只划了几笔就扔进了垃圾桶,要知道,这些纸可是 一棵棵树木啊;洗手时,水开得挺大,这还不说,洗完手,也不关水就走了,任 凭水哗哗的'流淌,要知道在干旱地区水是多么宝贵啊;平时,随手将垃圾扔在地上,既影响环境又影响美观......要知道,如今我们这个地球已经受到了极大的破坏,可是那些“脑袋有虫”的人却丝毫没有醒悟,他们为了自己的利益破坏环 境:滥砍滥伐、毁坏植被;为了图方便将污水排入江河,不知有多少河流因此无 法饮用,我们的母亲河——黄河已经便得浑浊不堪;昔日的天府之国——成都的
美好风景已无复存在,土地正向沙漠化进军;大气污染也越来越严重,几乎处处 是酸雨......在如此触目惊心的事情前,人类似乎没有觉醒,而人们脑袋里那条 贪婪的虫子越来越大,人们已经被***迷住了双眼。
自从涉及了人类的足迹,动物们便再也无安宁之日,昔日温顺自在的藏羚羊
为了躲避人类的追捕已经疲惫不堪了;昔日称霸海洋的鲸以濒临灭绝......不知有多少生物在人类脑子那贪婪的虫子手下灭绝,从此在历史的长河上消亡.
如今我们必须保护我们这个美丽的地球,因为拯救地球就是拯救未来,而我们首先应该做的就是灭掉我们脑子里那条贪婪的虫子,同学们,请你们照亮你们
1:Peoples views onvary from person to person. Some hold thatHowever, others believe that
2:People may have different opinions on
3:Attitudes towards vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards
4:There are different opinions among people as to
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