人的思考取决于动机,语言取决于学问和知识,而他们的行动,则多半取决于习惯。所以马基雅弗利说:人的性格和承诺都靠不住。靠得住的只有习惯。他举了一个例子(是一个邪恶的例子,如果要谋***一个人,他认为在挑选刺客时,找一个生性残忍或胆大妄为的人并不可靠,最可信任的还是那种手上曾经染过血的***手。也许马基雅弗利忘记了刺***亨利第三的克雷姆,刺***亨利第四的瑞瓦雷克,以及行刺威廉公爵的约尔基和杰尔德却并非这种人。
但尽管如此,他的话还是有道理的。因为一切天性与诺言都不如习惯更有力。我们常听到有人起誓说以后要做什么,或者不再做什么;而结果却是从前做些什么,后来依然做什么。在这一点上,也许只有宗教狂热的力量才可与之相抵。除此之外,几乎一切都难以战胜习惯,以至一个人尽可以诅咒、发誓、夸口、保证──到头来还是难以改变一种习惯。
如果说个人的习惯只是把一个变成了机械,使他的生活仿佛由习惯所驱动。那么社会的习惯,却具有一种更可怕的力量。例如印度教徒,为了遵守宗教的惯例,竟可安静地卧于柴堆上,然后引火焚身。而他的妻子也心甘情愿地与他一起跳入火炕。古代的斯巴达青年,在习惯风俗的压力下,每年都要跪在神坛上承受笞刑,以锻炼吃苦的耐力。我记得在伊丽莎白女王时代的初期,曾有一个被叛死罪的爱尔兰人,请求绞死他时用荆条而不用绳索──因为这是他们本族的习惯。在俄国说有一种赎罪的习惯,要人在凉水里成夜浸泡,直到被冰冻上为止。诸如此类的事例是太多了,由此即可以看出习惯对人的行为有多么大的控制力。
由此可见,习惯真是一种顽强而巨大的力量。它可以主宰人生。因此,人自幼就应该通过完美的教育,去建立一种好的.习惯。我们知道,幼年学习过的语言,常常是终生不忘的。这也是一种习惯。而在中年以后再学一种新语言,就常常很困难了。在体育运动也是如此。当然也有一些人,他们终生的性格仿佛是可以不断塑造,因此可以在不断的学习中进步。但这种人毕竟太少了。
此外还必须考虑到,一种集体的习惯,其力量更大于个人的习惯。因此如果有一个有良好道德风气的社会环境,是最有利于培养好的社会公民的。②在这方面,国家与政府只能是美德的培育者,而不是播种者。更何况,还有些政府连这事也做不到呢!
①此处所说的几位刺客都是十四──十五世纪时人。克雷姆行刺法王亨利第三;瑞瓦雷克刺***亨利第四;约尔基谋刺荷兰威廉公爵,未成功,后来公爵被杰尔德刺死。
②这思想是借用毕达哥拉斯的。有人问应如何教育子女,他答:“让他在一个具有良好法制的社会中一个好公民。”
孔子云:学而不思则罔。只学习不思考就会迷惑而无所得。表现在议论文中,只思考了后面提出的几个问题就会太狭窄,太片面,这样仅局限了出题人的意思。我的做法是:边读边想,有时还自言自语:哦,这又是一个事实论据,这明显的一正一反当然是对比论证了。等等,有时虽然后面没有提到此类问题,但自己发现了问题并得到了解决,天长日久,一种良好的拓展思维就会逐步形成。学习议论文也透彻了,也深刻了。
My favourite swimmer is Sun Yang.He swims very fast.He took part in the last Olympic Games.He is my hero.
He is 21 years oid.He is very tall.He is 198cm tall.He is cute.I love him.
He is good at swingming very much, He has had all-round success in his study olypic games.
Hello, my name is wang yan, a high heart can meet all of you, for me, is more stubborn, I decided that things will never change, unless you are right I was wrong.
Early in the morning, standing in front of the mirror, look in the mirror in the familiar face, feel oneself was a child, but I was in junior, is no longer a child.
Think of every little bit of good friends, unconsciously tears just climbed up the face, yeah! And did six years of his close friend, to this, that separate is separate, there must be many. But what's the use? Time is not to say stop. I still face the reality!
I am very forgetful, once, I can't find my shoes, anyway by mother remind later discovered I wash the shoes, on the outside. You said I am not forgetful forgetfulness.
I like the teacher's help, but I'm very careless, often counterproductive. Once the teacher asked me to help him finish his writing board, as a result, I listen to the blackboard writing all wipe up, the teacher without saying anything hard writing blackboard writing brush. The teacher got red in the face. Funny you say is not funny.
I am such a person, to welcome you all to find my friends! I'm very good friends but oh ~ ~
一个十二岁的女孩,高高的个子,瓜子型的脸上镶嵌着一对大眼睛,长长的睫毛显得大眼睛十分灵动,不仅如此,她还遗传妈妈,双眼皮宽宽的,但是她也像妈妈一样戴上了眼镜。她有宽宽的脑门,鼻子下面是一张能说会道的嘴巴。你猜出这是谁了吗?其实,这就是我!
我在学校是一个乖巧听话,令老师喜欢的孩子,谁会相信这样一个女孩回到家就摇身一变,成了顽皮,又带着无理取闹的丫头了,但这却是事实。
在家里,我和妈妈吵吵闹闹是常有的事,因为互不服气。有一次,我和妈妈去参加她朋友的`婚礼,当时下了雨,天气较凉,但我依然想穿着裙子去,妈妈不肯,为了这事,我们吵了起来。“可以穿,坐车去又不冷!”“不可能,你想感冒吗?”妈妈瞪着我,眼睛像葡萄一样大,我则毫不示弱,昂着头像小斗鸡似的,吵个不停。最后妈妈要发怒了,我一看,赶紧妥协,撇着嘴,带着满腔不情愿说:“不穿,行了吧。”这就是我,双面性格的我。
在学校担任班长职务的我,当然要开班会了。我清了清嗓子,走上讲台,开始了首次班会。
“同学们,我们今天来学习中学生日常行为规范……”我有条不紊的进行着班会,这可都要靠我平时积累的生活和六年在校的,而且还有我良好的语言表达能力。我按老师说的,提问同学,举例说明等等。要知道,现在我能站在台上大胆发言,是因为小学时担任过许多活动的主持人,充分锻炼了自己,所以我有信心开好班会。在老师的总结和同学们的掌声中我走下了讲台,顺利结束了班会。这就是我,自信勇敢的我。
每个星期天,我都不会错过科技频道《自然传奇》这个节目。有时看得入迷,妈妈叫我两三次我都没有听见。我喜欢它是因为它能告诉我自然界的许多知识,比如蚂蚁筑巢,各种蜘蛛如何捕食,植物的很多特点等等。而我最大的梦想,注意不是理想,就是去全球动植物最丰富的亚马逊丛林历险。这就是我,热爱自然的我。
这就是我,有双面性格的我;这就是我,自信勇敢的我;这就是我,热爱自然的我,你们了解我了吗?
I have a great mother. She cares much about me in my life and study.
In the morning, she gets up early to make breakfast for me. When I was little, she prepared my schoolbag. But now, she tells me to do it by myself. Because she thinks I have been old enough to do it. Besides, she always checks my homework. When I finish my homework, she checks it and points out the mistakes. She is very careful and helps me a lot.
I love my mother.
My favorite sports star------ Sun Yang
Born on December 1, 1991 in Zhejiang Province, Sun Yang is very tall and the height is 1.99 meters. He was from a sports family.
He won the China's first gold medal in men's swimming game. He worked a miracle. Sun Yang is not only gifted but also diligent. He keeps training and has tenacious willpower; these are worth learning by other people. Sun Yang is a new frontrunner at the sports worlds.
Sun Yang is very popular with the young. He is adorable, charming, childlike and cool. He is kind and has the vigor of youth, and he is a little shy. But Sun Yang is easy-going, always with a smile on his face when he faces our. He sings well and sounds beautiful. To my surprise, he likes dolls very much.
Sun Yang sets us a good example, and Sun Yang has set a new world record of swimming, of which the whole country’s people are proud
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