1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
我是一个比较有自信的孩子,从上小学到现在,学习一直优秀,每次成绩都是名列前茅。
每次考完试我都要进行总结,都要找一下错了的题的原因,找一下自己的不足,在以后的学习里注意。
妈妈经常对我说:“侯翔,你一定要努力学习,在考试的时候,你考好了不要骄傲,考不好不要灰心,你要经常找一下你的缺点与不足,你就有成功的希望!做好完美的自己,你就会在将来的道路上立于不败之地的!”妈妈的话经常在我耳畔响起,作业做错了我要找原因,上课的时候遇到错题我也要找原因,经常因为一道错题浪费我的好长时间,但我从没因为错题做不出放弃。实在不会的找老师问,不懂的地方一一给老师指出来,直到懂了为止。因为我的认真,老师也拿我没辙!
小升初我过于大意,考了我们班第十名!升入初中以后,我并不灰心,我觉得我有能力赶上或超过在我前面排名的同学。进入初中我就用实际行动去面对我的竞争对手,由于我的努力,每次考试我都要前进一步,这一学期,我给初一画上了一个完美的句号!
我的成绩:语文89、数学98、政治100、历史100、地理100、英语100、生物100,全班第一,全年级第二!
公布成绩以后,我心里甭提有多高兴了,可我还是觉得自己有不足的地方,数学那道扣了2分的题我是会做的,只是当时一下想不起来,想留在最后再做一下,可气的我做完题以后忘掉了,把卷子交了上去。语文由于我的疏忽,扣掉了本来不该扣掉的分,我要吸取这些教训,在以后的学习上一定注意。我相信,我会做好的!只要有付出,就会有成功的!
他们迈着坚定的步伐,怀着澎湃的激情展示着六年二班中队的特点:团结奋进,友谊热情,活泼健康,积极向上。灿烂的微笑洋溢着他们的热情;嘹亮的口号显示着他们的激情;饱满的神情体现着他们的实力。
六年二班中队的同学们严于律己,自从开学以来连续四周获得了校红旗班级,没有同学违反校规校纪,在同学和老师们的努力下,班级焕发出了夺目的奇光异彩,走在了六年组的先列。
在才艺方面,他们每个都有特长,在学校组织各种才艺比赛时,同学们犹如蛟龙出海,各显神通,有的画画,有的写书法……在我们班前不久举行的班级朗诵会上,同学们大显神通,让同学老师们耳目一新。有的同学钢琴已达到8级之多;有的同学写作获得过国家级荣誉,有的同学的书画已获得全国小学生龙人杯书画大赛奖……总之,六年二班中队是个多才多艺的班集体。
在卫生方面六年二班中队的同学们更是齐心协力,做值日绝对不留死角,时刻保持教室内的空气清鲜,定时拖地,捡纸屑。在同学们的`爱护和努力之下,让班级窗明几净,一尘不染。
这些方面还不足以说明六年二班中队同学的优秀,在体育方面他们也是各有千秋。 赛场上,男同学们犹如潇洒的雄鹰,雄姿尽展,使班级获得了一次又一次的荣誉。女同学们也不甘示弱,一个个英姿飒爽,犹如蛟龙出海,尽显女儿的英雄本色。就是这样,使六年二班健儿辈出,在校举办的各项体育活动中,同学们个个都如猛虎下山,胸有成竹,胜券在握。
六年二班中队的同学本着“更高、更快、更强”的体育精神,坚定“友谊第一,比赛第二”的信念,在体育场上写下光辉的一页。让六年二班中队的特点与体育的精神相融合,为六年二班中队争得一份荣誉,添一份光彩!
Dear Family,
You must be greatly surprised when you get this letter, not from anyone else but from your dearest son, since I have never written a letter for ages in such a traditional way. The purpose of my writing is not so much to express my gratitude for bringing me up, as it is to tell you something about my college life.
It has been more than two years since I started my college life and I have adapted myself to the new environment here, even though at the very beginning, I was not quite used to it. My classmates are pretty friendly and they offer to help me whenever need be, which is really precious for me. My teachers tell me the differences between college life and high school life and give me some necessary advice on how to learn in college. Because of their kind-hearted help, I learn to know the importance of cooperation and communications between each other, especially when in Group work.
In the past several months, I have been busy preparing for TEM 4.Therefore, most of the time, I stayed at school and seldom kept in touch with you; I should have been ashamed of this. But now it is completely finished, and I will never do that again. In my spare time, I usually go to play basketball to keep fit since you always ask me to practice more to keep healthy. What is more, I like to go to the English Corner to practice my spoken English in order to improve my oral English level, which is of importance as English major.
Finally, I would like to specially thank you for providing me the best education and experience. Without your support and understanding, it wouldn't be the same. In regard to the future, I will make every effort to study for my degree and make the dreams I had envisioned come true.
Take good care of yourselves as you have asked me to.
Best regards,
Jay
5,3
Dear parents:
How are you?I haven't seen your for a long time.I miss your very much.Don't worry about me,I'm fine.I like studing very much,I'm work hard.I'm very busy ,so I can't go home now.But when I have a long holiday,I will go home and visit your.Look after yourself and happy every day.
Love from.
your daughter
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