Dear Mercy,
How is everything going! Last time you said you are anxious now because you find it hard to learn English well. Don’t worry. I think you have to improve your English step by step. And I will right behind you. In my view, you should develop you interest on English first. According to my experience, I think watching English movie, listen to some wonderful English songs and talk in English on the Internet would be helpful. Secondly, you have to prepare lessons before class that will help you understand what the teacher says in the class. I know you feel bored in the class, but you have force yourself to be concentrated. A few days later you will feel it a little easy to learn English. The left steps I will tell next time. By the way, we have not seen each other since your family move to Hunan a year ago. Have you ever thought about going back to visit me and learn English together in the coming Summer vacation. Looking forward to your reply.
Best wishes,
Li
我们这里所说的“日常生活”主要指“衣食住行”,即最基本最日常的生活。其他如婚丧嫁娶等虽很重要但非“日常”,目前不在我们的研究范围内。
韩愈“障百川而东之,回狂澜于既倒”,是唐代振兴儒学的重要人物。在那篇重新归纳提炼儒家学说的名篇《原道》中,韩愈除举出儒家在仁、义、道、德、文、法、民、位几方面的规定外,又指出“先王之教”,“其服麻丝,其居宫室,其食粟米果蔬鱼肉”,将衣食住纳入了儒家学说范畴,或者反过来说他认为儒家学说应该包括衣食住等内容,儒家思想应该贯彻到日常生活中去。由此可见韩愈对衣食住行的重视。所以韩愈在反对佛道二家时,也主张恢复僧侣道士的宗教生活为儒家提倡的正常的日常生活,所谓“庐其居”、所谓“使吏卒脱道士冠,给冠带”即是如此。韩愈甚至说,即使“佛”本人真的来到唐朝,皇帝对他也“不过宣政一见、礼宾一设、赐衣一袭、卫而出之于境”,待遇与对一般外国宾客相同,而这待遇实际就是朝廷礼仪在衣食住行方面的表现。
从儒家观点出发,韩愈主张生活上遵循常理,反对神鬼禁忌。比如在饮食方面,他批评那些相信服食的人,说“五谷三牲,盐醯果蔬,人所常御。人相厚勉,必曰强食。今惑者皆曰,五谷令人夭,不能无食,当务减节。盐醯以济百味,豚鱼鸡三者,古以养老。反曰是皆***人,不可食。一筵之馔,禁忌十常不食二三。不信常道,而务鬼神”。他又拿自己和伯兄相比较,说“伯兄德行高,晓方药,食必视《本草》,年止于四十二。某疏愚,食不择禁忌,位为侍郎,年出伯兄十五岁矣”,表现了一种务实不务怪的生活态度。
一般而言,韩愈不太追求物质享受。这一点有别于其他文人型官员。在韩愈看来,只要日常能够度日,妻子儿女能够不受贫寒就可以了。比起生活的舒适来,他更追求自己志向的实现。他曾在《与卫中行书》中说自己在徐州的日子,“比之前时,丰约百倍。足下视吾饮食衣服亦有异乎?然则仆之心或不为此汲汲也。其所不忘于仕进者,亦将小行乎其志耳”。这种生活态度使韩愈不去追求钱财的积累,而宁愿拿出一二十万钱去资助学生或捐款修庙。与此相对应,韩愈很看不惯豪家子弟的生活方式,对学官中的“豪家子”和长安的“众富儿”都表示过不满(详后),对“刮磨豪习”的宗室则予以表彰。这种生活态度甚至影响了他的交友。于是我们看到,韩愈最好的朋友都是一些能文然而比较贫穷的人。
韩愈对生活总的说又取一种比较严谨的态度,对他人对家庭也都比较负责任。元和十五年(820年)韩愈量移袁州。袁州属江南西道,在治所南昌有一座名闻遐迩的滕王阁。韩愈年青时就“闻江南多临观之美,而滕王阁独为第一”。这次成为江南西道治内的一州刺史,本来完全可以找个理由去南昌一趟,看看这一名楼,但由于“吾州乃无一事可假而行者,又安得舍己所事以勤馆人?则滕王阁又无因而至焉矣”。这就是韩愈的一种不以私利而破公制和不假公事以遂私愿的态度。韩愈还特别反对那些不愿为他人为家庭负责的人。他曾经碰到过一个“圬者王承福”。此人不肯娶妻生子,嫌这样做太劳心劳力。韩愈批评他是“其自为也过多,其为人也过少”,说“夫人以有家为劳心,不肯一动其心,以畜其妻子,其肯劳其心以为人乎哉”。韩愈不仅对家庭负责,就是对自己的亲戚朋友,也常常给予许多真诚的帮助。所以皇甫湜在《韩文公神道碑》中说韩愈“内外茕弱悉抚之,一亲以仁。使男有官,女有从,而不啻于己生。交于人,已而我负终不计,死则庀其家,均食剖资与人,故虽微弱,待之如贤戚。人诟笑之,愈笃”。这种生活态度是韩愈真诚助人性情的体现,但同时也使他的生活总是处于一种相对较低的水平。
January 15th,Sunny
As the winter vacation is drawing near, I have a plan about my vacation. I'm going to do what I want to do. I'm going to study harder in order to get good grades in the following term. After finishing all my homework, I'm going to enjoy myself in the sea of knowledge. Reading must be a good idea. I'm going to keep fit at the same time. I'll get up eary in the morning everyday and play sports. I really love sports. Besides that, Eating a balanced diet is also good for my health. I'm going to help my mom and dad with the housework as well in the vacation.I'll learn to cook. As for travelling, I'm planning to go to Hainan. But whether going there or not will be decided on the weather.During the vacation,I'm going to learn more about history,as I'm really poor on it.
So you see, I'll have a terrific vacation!
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