如何了解中国文化英语作文【一】
今夜，读《中国文化概论》。
绪论
1、君子的定义
《论语·雍也》说：“质胜文则野，文胜质则史，文质彬彬，然后君子”，意思阐释了文质彬彬的君子应该是这样的，“质朴胜过了文饰就会粗野，文饰胜过了质朴就会虚浮，质朴和文饰比例恰当，然后才可以成为彬彬有礼的君子。”
2、文化的创造过程
人类从“茹毛饮血，茫然于人道”的“直立之兽”演化而来，逐渐形成与“天道”既相互联系又相互区别的“人道”，这便是文化的创造过程。在文化的创造与发展中，主体是人，客体是自然，而文化便是人与自然、主体与客体在实践中的对立统一物。这里的“自然”，不仅指存在于人身之外并与之相对立的外在自然界，也指人类的本能、人的身体的各种自然属性。文化是改造自然、改造社会的活动，它同时也改造“改造者”自身、即实践着的人。人创造了文化，同样，文化也创造了人。
举个例子，一块天然的岩石不具备文化意蕴，但经过人工打磨，便注入了人的价值观念和劳动技能，从而进入“文化”范畴。人打磨石器的过程，人在这一过程中知识水平和技能的提高，在这一过程中结成的相互关系，以及最后完成的这件包含着人的价值取向的石器，都是文化现象，均属“文化”范畴。因此，文化的实质性含义是“人化”或“人类化”，是人类主体通过社会实践活动，适应、利用、改造自然界客体而逐步实现自身价值观念的过程。
简而言之，凡是超越本能的、人类有意识地作用于自然界和社会的一切活动及其结果，都属于文化；或者说，“自然的人化”即是文化。
3、大文化及文化结构
大文化着眼于人类与一般动物、人类社会与自然界的本质区别，着眼于人类卓立于自然的独特生存方式，其涵盖面非常广泛，所以又被称为“大文化”。其文化结构如下四个方面：
（1）由人类加工自然创制的各种器物，即“物化的知识力量”构成的物态文化层。它是人的物质生产活动及其产品的总和，是可感知的、具有物质实体的文化事物，构成整个文化创造的基础。
（2）由人类在社会实践中建立的各种社会规范、社会组织构成的制度文化层。如社会制度、婚姻制度、家族制度、政治法律制度，家族、民族，国家，经济、政治，宗教社团，教育、科技、艺术组织等。
（3）由人类在社会实践，尤其是在人际交往中约定俗成的习惯性定势构成的行为文化层。这一类以民风民俗形态出现，见之于日常起居动作之中，具有鲜明的民族、地域特色的行为模式。如“百里不同风，千里不同俗”之说。
（4）由人类社会实践和意识活动中长期孕育出来的价值观念、审美情趣、思维方式等构成的心态文化层。这是文化的核心部分。
心态文化层又可分为社会心理和社会意识形态两个层次。
社会心理指人们日常的精神状态和思想面貌，是尚未经过理论加工和艺术升华的流行的大众心态，诸如人们的要求、愿望、情绪等等。
社会意识形态则指经过系统加工的社会意识，它们往往是由文化专家 对社会心理进行理论归纳、逻辑整理、艺术完善，并以物化形态——通常是著作、艺术作品——固定下来，播之四海，传于后世。社会意识形态又可区分为基层意识形态（如政治理论、法权观念）和高层意识形态（如哲学、文学、艺术、宗教）。
4、小文化
小文化是排除人类社会——历史生活中关于物质创造活动及其结果的`部分，专注于精神创造活动及其结果，因此，被称为小文化。小文化主要讨论涉及精神创造领域的文化现象。需要说明的是，我们在研究人类的精神创造时，不能忽略物质创造活动的基础意义和作用；在讨论关于心态文化诸问题的同时，不能忽略物态文化、制度文化、行为文化对于心态文化的影响和制约。总之，不能将“小文化”与“大文化”割裂开来。
5、中国文化与中国传统文化
上古时华夏族（汉族古称）建国于黄河流域，自认为居天下之中央，故称中国，而将周边地区称为四方。
“中华”之得名，由来已久。“中”，意谓居四方之中。“华”，本意为光辉、文采、精粹，用于族名，蕴含文化发达之意。
上编
1、地理环境对中国文化的作用与影响
地理环境可以分为自然环境、经济环境和社会文化环境。黄河中下游一带成为先民生存和繁衍的最适宜的地区。根据文献记载和考古发掘的结果，夏商周的中心地区是今天河南省的中部和北部、山西省南部、陕西省的关中盆地、河北省的西南部和山东省的西部。这些皆是当时自然环境条件最优越的地区。
在中国占主导地位的传统文化，无论是物质的，还是精神的，都是建立在农业生产的基础上的。它们形成于农业区，也随着农业区的扩大而传播。
黄河中下游地区成为中国上古时代的政治、经济和人文中心。后随着战乱的频仍，中国农耕区的中心，逐渐从黄河流域向长江中下游地区和江南地区转移。“苏杭熟，天下足”和“湖广熟，天下足”的谚语即反映了唐宋以来经济重心南移的历史事实，“东南财税”与“西北甲兵”共同构成了唐以后历代社会政治稳定的基本格局。
中国文化依赖的社会政治结构
中国的社会政治结构：是一种“家国同构”的社会政治结构，是中国一脉相承的封建专制制度和带有某种血缘温情的宗法制度的结合。这种社会政治结构深刻地影响着中国文化，包括占主导地位的意识形态，史学、文学、艺术、民风民俗，甚至科学技术等等。要理解中国文化的特点，需要了解中国传统社会政治结构。
1、宗法制度
宗法制度的本质就是家族制度的政治化。一部中国史，就是一部家族统治史。纵观整个中国历史，宗法制度一直深深地影响着中华民族的生活。
2、家国同构
家国同构是指家庭、家族和国家在组织结构方面的共同性。故梁启超先生说:“吾中国社会之组织，以家族为单位，不以个人为单位，所谓家齐而后国治是也。周代宗法之制，在今日其形式虽废，其精神犹存也。”
3、中国君主专制制度的特点
以武力为先导，控制宗教势力，专制时间漫长。中华民族刚刚进步到文明的边沿，就形成了一个祖先，一个权力，一个核心，这无论与古代埃及，抑或两河流域、印度、古希腊，都是不同的。
如何了解中国文化英语作文【二】
Do you ever watch movies from other countries? Whenever I do, I think about how similar people really are all around the world. Even though the cultures and languages in those movies are different from mine, people all around the world are alike in their goals and emotions.
One time, I saw a movie made in china that showed parents helping their children with their homework. . My parents helped me the same way. Another time I saw a movie from Argentina. It showed school children playing hide and seek, which is a game I used to play with my friends during recess. Seeing these films demonstrated to me that education is a common goal in every country. Parents want their children to learn so their lives will improve. It also showed me that children in schools everywhere wants to play with their friends. Sometimes the games are similar to ours and sometimes they’re different. Still, they all have the common purpose of fun and learning to work together.
Earning a living is another common goal. I’ve often seen that in movies about other countries. In some countries, people choose their careers from what they like and are good at. In other countries, careers are chosen for them following the traditions of their families. But in every country it seems that people care a great deal about earning a living, and working hard is respected.
Showing people having fun together is always an important part of any movies, no matter what country it comes from. People everywhere want to be entertained, and want to spend time with their families and friends. Different cultures sometimes enjoy different activities, but all cultures enjoy some form of sports, music and dancing.
The movies I’ve seen make it clear to me that no matter the cultural differences between countries, people everywhere have the same basic needs and goals.
如何了解中国文化英语作文【三】
南浔古镇地处江浙两省交界处，有江南蚕丝名镇的美誉。南浔古镇景区占地面积为34。27平方公里，古镇的旅游景点分为三大区块，第一块是南浔旅游景点富集区，其中内有张右铭故居、刘氏梯号，等景点分布其中。第二块是由小莲庄，嘉业堂，文园，等几点组成的中心景区。第三块是以东街以东的张静江故居，和百间楼为主的东北区块。
第二块景区——小莲庄面积为17399平方米。原为刘氏家庙，从光绪十一年（开始，在池周补植花柳，重栽菡萏，布置台榭，启建家庙，历时四十载，于1924年完成。因慕元代书画家赵孟頫湖州莲花庄，而自名“小莲庄”。我们可以从外面清晰地看到里面的荷花池中的荷花很多，如同天上的星空皓月一般，那蓝天衬托着荷花池，给我一种画一般的美感。
富集区中的张氏故居被简洁的白墙包围着，没有一丝夸张，宅院面临着小河。走进张石故居的大门，吸引人的是中西合璧的建筑物完美的融合了中西文化，这座建筑物不仅有西方的浪漫情调，还融入了很多中华的雕刻技艺，有栩栩如生的砖雕门楼，房梁上的小动物，门窗上的人物，山水雕刻都那么栩栩欲活，令人叹为观止，久久沉醉于古人的情趣品味中。庭院中，耸立的假山，清澈的人造湖，安静的凉亭构成了一副朴实又毫无夸张的画面。最简单的绿植，却看起来是碧玉那么纯洁无瑕。小桥流水与大宅园交相辉映，呈现了人间仙境一般的景色。
最吸引我的是夏季古镇的夜景。去年的暑假，古镇是我们一家人每天晚上打卡的地方，我们一家还没有进古镇的大门就看见里面被一层烟雾和绿光笼罩。走进去，浔溪两旁冒出白色的烟雾，加上绿色的灯光仿佛来到了传说中的瑶池，河岸两边挤满了人都在分分拍照留念。我被一种动听的音乐吸引了，拉着爸爸妈妈往有音乐的地方走去，一会我们来到了一座石桥旁，见桥上帘子一样的东西，帘子里隐约能看到人，我们走到桥正前方的河岸仔细地看着，原来那帘子是水，帘子上所看到的人是投影。这种景象我还是第一次看见，妙不可言。不一会我们就来到了小莲庄外的小公园，这里景色更是迷人一棵棵绿色的大树，冒出白色的浓烟还有绿色的灯光再加上河里的景色，让人叹为观止。这种景象我只正西游记里看到过，没有想到在南浔古镇也能看到，应该是“此景只应天上有，人间哪得几回闻。”
“山月不知心里事，水风空落眼前花，摇曳碧云斜。”南浔就像一幅画卷，只有慢慢地打开，才能感受到他独特的美。
如何了解中国文化英语作文【四】
北京市我国的首都，那里的景色优美，名胜古迹数不胜数，别列入世界世界文化遗产的景点也很多，比如：故宫、颐和园、长城、天坛等，但我觉得最为壮观的还要数长城了！
长城又称万里长城，主要分布在河北、北京、天津、山西、陕西等十五个省市区，全场8000多公里。它高约8米，大概有3—4层楼那么高。宽5—6米，五、六匹马可以一并而行。长城的上的景点数不胜数，比较著名的景点有山海关、嘉峪关、九门口长城、八达岭长城、镇北台长城等。现在保存最好的长城，主要是位于北京的八达岭长城，它位于北京市延庆区是中国古代伟大的防御工程，万里长城的重要组成部分，是明长城的一个隘口。
长城修筑的历史可上溯到西周时期，发生在西周的著名典故“烽火戏诸侯”就源于此。春秋战国时期的列国争霸，互相防守，使得长城的的修筑进入第一次高潮。历史上最大规模开始修建长城并将长城连成一线是在秦始皇统一天下之后。此后历代都在不断修建，最后大规模修建长城的朝代是明朝，因此我们现在看见的长城大多数是明朝修建的。长城之东向西，东起山海关，西至嘉峪关。它的主要作用是作为中原王朝防备北方游牧民族入侵的屏障。
长城的地基全是由千余斤重的花岗岩砌成。哨岗全都采用大型城砖用糯米灰浆砌筑，其重量达到了千余斤。很难想象在科技并不发达的古代，中国劳动人民竟能用自己的血肉之躯铸就了这万里长城。走在长城之上，一座座绵延起伏的山峰，一棵棵参天大树，那磅礴恢弘的气势不禁让人对它产生敬畏之情它是中华民族勤劳勇敢和高度智慧的结晶。它坐落在崇山峻岭中，迂回曲折。它历尽沧桑，是中国古代历史的见证人和博物馆，它抵御外族的侵略，见证过中华民族的的战争和和平，祖国的分裂和统一。
中国幅员辽阔，拥有众多的自然和人文景观。世界各国朋友来到中国后，最喜欢去参观游览的地方就是长城。“不到长城非好汉”这句名言让长城举世闻名，世界上各个国家的人们都知道它。就连其他国家的***，来到中国后都专程去游览长城，由此可见长城的魅力是多么的大。
长城，它是一座不朽的丰碑，屹立于世界的东方，蜿蜒于上下前年，纵横于万里广阔的时空。它是中国著名的文化历史遗产，是世界上最为著名的建筑奇迹之一，它展示的'不止是一种恢弘的浩然之气，它所体现的是一个伟大民族的气质和一种崇高的民族精神。它就像一条巨龙，横卧在中国大地，它是中国人民不屈不挠，勇于抗争的民族精神象征，它永远屹立在世界的东方！
如何了解中国文化英语作文【五】
to prevent H7N9 we should know some common sense. First of all, it is important for us to prevent H7N9 from ourselves. For example, clean our hands frequently.
Sencondly, do more exercises. Such as running. Lastly, change our diet to keep balence. For example, eat more types of vegetables and drink more water
如何了解中国文化英语作文【六】
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
如何了解中国文化英语作文【七】
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先，提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段：提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段：正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段：摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次，提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性，连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity：段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛，也不可太具体，做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明，另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence：关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰，层层展开。
完整性(completeness：以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头，这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次，提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型：It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单，注意练习并接句的使用，会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as，如：
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头，句式简单，我们可以通过把since提前改变句式，如：
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后，提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法：millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论，辩论”的意思，而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.，相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略：使用最近所学的单词，如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后，我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文，以供参考：
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
