四级英语很快就要到来了,英语是占据重要的部分,快来看看下面的范文及写作指导吧。
下面请看一篇漫画式命题的作文预测题:
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should express your views on the impact of air pollution. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
【参考模板范文】
The Impact of Air Pollution
The cartoon vividly reveals the phenomenon of air pollution or the decline of air quality. In the cartoon we can see the air pollution is so serious that the earth can't bear it.
What exactly contribute to this phenomenon? Possible reasons can be listed as follows: firstly, vehicle exhaust gases could be one of the most leading causes. With the improvement of economy and people's living standard, urban inhabitants in mounting numbers own their private cars. More automobiles will inevitably generate more exhaust gases. Additionally, household appliances widely used in cities also release a great amount of carbon dioxide gases, which further intensifies air pollution. Last but not least, many factories around the cities emit large quantities of untreated poisonous gases, which should also be responsible for the decline of air quality.
Definitely, air pollution will exert a detrimental impact on many aspects of people's life. For example, many diseases such as cough, skin problem and lung cancer are caused by it. Perhaps it is high time that we should adopt some measures to solve the problem of air pollution.
英语漫画作文写作指导
第一、读图审题
四级漫画作文中的漫画通常反映一个社会现象或生活哲理,要求考生根据自己对漫画的理解来写作。因此,要写好四级漫画作文,审题格外重要。考生在下笔之前要仔细看漫画,弄清漫画的寓意,这是文章切题的保证。此外,在本次四级考试的三道写作题中,Directions部分都给出了写作内容的大致方向,这也为考生把握漫画寓意提供了帮助。下面笔者就来逐一梳理2013年6月四级作文的三幅漫画及其传达的寓意。
第二、谋篇布局
在把握文章的主旨之后,考生就可以构思整篇文章的架构了。四级漫画作文的写作可以分为下面三个段落。
第一段:开门见山,简要描述一下漫画内容,并指出漫画的寓意。描述漫画内容是为了揭示其中的寓意,是手段而不是目的,所以描述要简洁明快,一般来说一句话足矣。需要提醒考生的是,写作的Directions部分虽然给出了大致的写作主题,但是也要求考生对漫画进行简要描述,因此考生切不可抛开漫画内容直接展开议论。
第二段:表达考生对漫画寓意的看法,这是文章的重心所在。比如,就第一道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段阐述阅读文学作品的重要性;就第二道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段论述为什么凡事必须从小事做起;就第三道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段论述掌握基本技能的重要性。
第三段:指出漫画的寓意对大学生的教育意义,或者提出解决问题的建议。考生需要注意的是,结尾段一般并不需要实质性的分析,其主要作用是总结和升华,使文章结构完整。所以结尾段的写作要简明扼要,点到即止。
第三、论证方法
漫画作文的'第二段要表达考生对漫画寓意的看法,这是文章的核心段落,也是作文字数达到要求的关键。因此,考生在这一段要浓墨重彩,写深、写透。在写这一段时,考生要尽量摆事实、讲道理,避免空泛的议论。针对这一核心段落,笔者在此推荐以下三种展开议论的常用方法,希望对考生有所启发。
1.条分缕析
在写作第二段时,考生可以从2~3个方面对观点展开论述,这种写法可使文章显得层次清楚、条理清晰。例如,本次四级作文第一道题目的第二段需要阐述阅读文学作品的重要性,考生就可以从以下两个方面展开:第一,相对于电子媒体,文学阅读更能培养人的想象力;第二,阅读文学作品能够帮助我们更好地了解社会。请参考下面的范文。
There wasa time when children could relish (欣赏/ 也可以使用appreciate 替换 literature. But childrentoday can enjoy the sounds and action on a TV or computer screen. “So why bother reading?” some ask. The reasonis obvious: It enriches our imagination. When we read apiece of literature, we are living the life of RobinHood or starting an adventure with Tom Sawyer. In addition, literature is the mirror of society,whether it be poetry, drama or fiction. We know thesociety better through literature.
2.举例论证
如果漫画所传达的是抽象的人生哲理,那么考生在论述时最好能举出具体的事例,尽量避免空洞的说教。比如,就本次四级作文第二道题目而言,考生可以在第二段中举出一些成功人士如何从小事做起的例子。笔者下面提供的范文中用到的是哈兰·桑德斯上校从一个小吃店做起,最后缔造出遍布全球的肯德基快餐帝国的例子,用以证明只有从小事做起,才能成就大事。请看下面的范文。
Everything is smallbefore it is big. A good example is KFC. In 1930 Colonel Harland Sanders beganserving food to his service station customers in Corbin, a city in Kentucky. He fried chicken in his own kitchen andperfected his secret recipe there. From the small roadside eatery, he went on to build an empire of fast food.
3.类比论证
如果漫画中的寓意不容易通过具体的事例来证明,那么考生还可以使用类比论证的方法,即通过打比方来论证一个抽象的道理。比如,对于本次四级作文的第三道题目,考生可以在第二段中用学习打篮球的过程来打比方。学习打篮球时,只有先学会了投球、运球、传球这些基本技能,才能进一步学习高难度的技能。以此类推,无论做任何事情,只有掌握了基本的技能,才可能取得更大的成功。此外,考生还可以举出统计数字,用具体的研究结果来证明论点。请看下面的范文。
Simple as they mayseem, basic skills serve as the first link in the chain of success. Thisis analogous to learning to play basketball. If shooting, dribbling and passing are not mastered,learning advanced skills will become difficult, if notimpossible. A growing body of research has also documented that such basicskills as reading, writing and computing are highlycorrelated with success later in life. A 2012 study surveyed 300 CEOs ofFortune 500 companies and found that 87% attributed part of their success tothe basic skills they learned in primary school.
在现代社会,天气预报是一门科学。为什么天气预报有时会不准呢?
首先,天气预报还很年轻。虽然古人在观察天象过程中积累了诸多预测天气的经验,但是基于现代科学基础上的天气预报历史并不长,人类对于很多天气现象的发生、演变及其内在机理和规律并未完全掌握。
天气本身变化无常。有人说,天有不测风云;也有人说,天有可测风云。在具体情况下,要做出准确的天气预报是件很难的事。以预报“桑美”台风为例,当时有3个台风在一个大的区域里,要准确断定每个台风的移动路径实属不易。预测时除了要考虑大气环流形势影响外,还要考虑3个台风之间的相互影响。因此,很难准确预测这3个台风的移动路径。大气本身存在的复杂现象,致使人们认识不到位,另外预测时还受科学技术、千丝万缕的关系的限制,因此做出准确的天气预报是一件复杂的事情。决策预报有难度。以王家坝分洪决策服务为例。王家坝地处河南、安徽交界处,是淮河第一坝。此坝下游是有10万人居住的分洪区。王家坝要不要分洪,关键得看天气预报。这个时候,预报员面临的压力很大:一开闸,10万人就要撤走,百姓种的庄稼全被淹没,会造成几十个亿的损失;但若是不撤,淮河大堤出了事,灾害会更大。所以,在面临重大的决策服务时,预报员最受煎熬。一些特殊的天气预报不准很正常。比如在火炬登珠峰的时候,环境非常恶劣,在此过程中最关键的是天气因素。然而,预报珠峰的天气有很大的难度。首先,此处没有气象站,而且地形很复杂,周边的环境差异很大。这些因素导致人们对特殊地区的特殊天气的认识非常有限。其次,要提前4天至5天做出未来的天气预报,这是一件非常有难度的事情。即使是在北京,做这样的天气预报可能都很困难,更何况是在珠峰。天气预报精细程度不够。比如北京奥运会开幕式天气预报,就要做到定时、定点、定量的预报――这是未来天气预报必须攻克的难题,也是预报员追求的一个目标。延伸期预报能力有限。
去年年初的低温雨雪冰冻灾害涉及四次天气过程,对每一次天气过程,气象部门都做出精彩的预报。但若是能发现这是一个持续的过程,气象部门就可以提前对一些部门进行预警。不过这样的预报,以目前的手段很难达到。
(1 模版1
Different people have different views on_____.Some people think that_____,whereas others aegue that __________.
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion that ___________.For one thing,I firmly believe that ___________.For another,_____________.Just think of________,who/which_______.
Taking all these factors into consideration,we may safely come to the conclusion that______.Only if_______can we _______,just as the saying goes,________________.
(2模版2
In recent years there have been many reports of ________.It turns a new chapter of _________in China,and will have far-reaching effects in the forthcoming years.
The biggest benefit,in my eyes,is that_______.In addition,_______.Finally,______________.
Apart from the benefits mentioned above,we should also face several unavoidable challenges.In the first place,_____________.In the second place,________.What’s more,_______________.In summary,we should_______________.
(3模版3
Nowadays more and more ______are commonly and widely used in everyday life,ranging from __________to_____________.
The popularity of _______will have a great influence on ______.On the one hand,_________.On the other hand,__________.
To conclude,____________are just like a double-edged sword.With them we may________.However,one point should be kept in mind that we should make sensible use,always being a master instead of slaving of them.
Everyone may encounter a scene when he or she wonders what the meaning and purpose of life is. Answers to this question vary from person to person. As for me, I agree with the view that the meaning of life is to discover your gift and the purpose of life is to make the best of it.
On one hand, one's gift could be the source of his inner happiness, providing spiritual impetus and correct orientation. Take the world-renowned Chinese pianist Lang Lang as an example. His gift was noticed before he was 3 years old, which laid the foundation of his glorious life. On the other hand, proper use of talent helps people to realize their value in a positive way, thus making contribution to the society as a whole. For instance, Isaac Newton made a universally amazing discovery by digging into his gift and finding the Newton's law of gravitation.
In conclusion, let's search for our true gift and utilize it to the fullest to achieve a happy and valuable life.
人们渴望预知天气变化,真正做到“未雨绸缪”,但“天有不测风云”,精准预测天气确实不是一件容易的事。
影响天气预报准确率的基本原因是大气运动自身具有随机性。大气变化是一个复杂的运动过程,充满了各种各样的可能性。对此,美国气象学家爱德华?罗伦兹有个生动的比喻:“巴西丛林的蝴蝶扇动一下翅膀,可以引起美国德克萨斯州的飓风。”这就是大家熟知的“蝴蝶效应”。在随机性的多重影响下,任何一种预测结果,都是要担风险的。人们对天气形成初始状态的观测,总是会有某些误差,而哪怕是很小的误差,也会使预测的结果大相径庭。
各种复杂地形也会给大气运动带来影响。如青藏高原地势较高,受到太阳辐射后温度上升,尤其是夏天,它便成为高空大气环流的一个热力源;当气流经过时,要么从上面越过去,并被加热,要么从旁边绕流过去,从而形成天气系统比如西南涡等,这些,使得整个大气环流形势变得十分复杂。可见错综复杂的地形地貌,也是,个爱添乱的“捣蛋鬼”。
何况,不同的天气类型,预报准确率差异很大。像高温、寒潮、梅雨这些空间范围较大、时间尺度较长的天气,预报准确率就比较高。全国24小时晴雨预报和最高、最低,温度预报,能够做到“不离十”。但有些天气发生得突然,具有很强的局部地域性特征,例如强对流天气,也就是短时间内发生的冰雹、强降雨、强雷电、龙卷风等,预报准确率就非常低。
在多种因素的影响下,预报的难度当然就增大了。这如同玩拼图:如果只有8个板块,儿童也能拼出来;如果是800块,成人可以拼出来;但如果是8000万块,甚至更多,那“神”也都无法拼出来了。
不过,随着计算机的普及和数值预报手段的改选,天气预报准确率正在不断提升。英国气象局正在开发一种新的计算机模型,气象人员可以利用它发布面积仅为1平方公里地区的天气预报。不久的将来,人们可以即时获取更小区域内精确的天气信息。届时,气象学家发布温布尔登网球赛天气预报时,将不会像现在这样,只能预报温布尔登所在的伦敦东南部的天气,而可以把精确度定在比赛场地500米的范围内
今天,50岁的景海鹏第三次开始了自己的太空之旅。这一次,他将打破中国载人航天的多项纪录,成为中国飞的次数最多、时间最久、高度最高的航天员——继完美执行神舟七号、神舟九号飞行任务后,他创纪录地成为中国三度飞天的第一人。
从首次太空的2天20小时27分钟飞行,到神舟九号的13天宇宙遨游,再到这次即将进行的33天的中长期驻留,他会把个人的太空累计飞行时间原纪录提高到超过48天。
按照计划,神舟十一号和天宫二号将在距地面393公里的轨道高度交会对接,比之前的交会对接轨道高了50公里。这也意味着,他和搭档陈冬一起,都将成为中国飞得最高的航天员。
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