就事论事讲问题,有时候存在老生常谈的窘迫,而善于转换思考角度,从旁边支起说理的脚手架,往往能够创造另一番鲜活的境界。2008年高考福建卷作文题要求根据三人买饮料的情景作文,一篇满分作文《缤纷成就和谐》这样写道:
三人进商店寻解渴之物,喜甜者偏爱果汁,喜淡者选择矿泉水,喜欢又苦又甜者买下咖啡。三种味道不同,但却因不同而和谐——和而不同方为和谐,若这世上只有一种饮料,则不免单调而索然无味。
缤纷成就和谐,试看暮春三月,鹅柳淡烟的`嫩黄,映阶碧草的翠绿,出墙红杏的艳红,卷云时舒的碧空,它们的颜色各不相同,但这又有何妨?“万紫千红总是春”,本来万物都欣然生长的春日就不是由一种色彩来主宰的。不同的是表象,和谐的是本质,缤纷成就的是多彩的丰富,是真正意义上的和谐。
这篇文章先从材料说起,引出自己的观点,接下来丢开买饮料的材料本身,另辟蹊径,描写暮春三月的景观,从旁边的角度证明了“缤纷成就的是多彩的丰富,是真正意义上的和谐”。
Directions:
Some international students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students’ union to
1 extend your welcome and
2 provide some suggestions for their campus life here.
Dear Friends,
On behalf of the Students’ Union of Beijing Foreign Studies University, I would like to extend our heartfelt welcome to all of the overseas students from all over the world to study in our university.
It is my great pleasure to propose several practical suggestions to you. In the first place, life in this prestigious university perhaps is not as satisfactory as what you expected. You may be tightly bound by continual classes, excessive homework and exams. In the second place, in spite of all these adversities, you will still enjoy your life in this esteemed institution. All types of extracurricular activities such as sports meets, speech contests, different social gatherings and dancing parties provide ample opportunities to make friends.
All in all, although there are a host of pressure, life in our campus is a worthwhile period in your whole lifetime. Wish you enjoy your life here!
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
Directions:
Restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. “White Pollution” is still going on. Write a letter to the editor(s of your local newspaper to
1 give your opinions briefly, and
2 make two or three suggestions.
Dear Editor,
I have been reading your newspaper for many years with a great enthusiasm and interest. It is my honor to write you this letter to give my views on the issue of “White Pollution”. It is my view that the limitation of the use of disposable plastic bags is of utmost significance.
I would like to make the following suggestions to put an effective stop to the wide spread of “White Pollution”. Firstly, we should ban the free use of the plastic bags. Secondly, the price of plastic bags should be further raised. Thirdly, media like your newspaper should do more to encourage the public to use paper or clothing bags to replace the plastic bags.
I hope my suggestions would be of help and thank you for your attention.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
要使自己的观点具有说服力,一方面要有具体的例子加以实证,另一方面要由点到面加以概括以显示普遍性。这样看来,议论文的视野必须把微观和宏观结合起来才显得全面。2008年高考云南省的一篇满分作文《变味的善良》分了这么三个层次:
第一层先总体议论:
我们总站在富足的地方悯惜贫穷,总躺在安全的地方怒斥邪恶,总在五十步笑百步后呼唤远离冷漠,总在血痕淡去后才忙着计算生命的价值。
第二层是主体部分,举出两个具体的例子,分别批评“不顾自己实际争先领养孤儿”和“畸形奥运热”。
第三层再总结:
中华民族是坚毅、热心、善良的民族。当我们挺过洪水、挺过非典,挺过不法分子对祖国的分裂和对奥运的亵渎,我们也必将挺过惨烈的汶川大地震,成功地举办奥运。但我们需要更多的思索和行动,站在别人的角度,理性全面地看待问题。
这三个层面,很好地体现了点和面的结合,逻辑严密地提出了防止出现“变味的善良”的观点。
遇到问题,多问几个为什么,是使作文变得深刻的有效途径。特别是有的题目看上去不便问“为什么”的时候,能在其中恰当地插入原因分析,会给人更多的启发。如2008年高考安徽卷作文题是“带着感动出发”,一位考生对感动的作用这样分析:
感动能够带给人力量。如果我们觉得自己形单影只,那么便会深味自身力量的渺小,可感动却总能充当人与人之间最完美的黏合剂。感动将我们拉向一个更加庞大的集体,使我们觉得自己身后有无数双手正奋力撑起我们所经历的苦难,我们在这种集体力量的支持下,内心便会绽放出无数勇气与力量,而这,往往便是使我们跨越困难的最后却也是最重要的一点契机。
纵观全文,感动的作用正是“带着感动出发”的原因,这一段细腻的原因探析,使读者对作者要说的观点产生共鸣,从而增加了“感动”的深度和“出发”的力度。
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.