今天要介绍的这位励志先锋人物叫邓衍晨,他毕业于福建师范大学数学与计算机科学学院,并被保送到重庆大学攻读硕士研究生。在我们采访的每一个励志先锋人物背后都隐藏着一段段辛酸、困苦的悲情故事,但是他们都没有在逆境中怨天尤人自暴自弃,而是以一种积极乐观的心态去面对,邓衍晨的励志故事也不例外。
记者见到邓衍晨时,很难将眼前这个腿脚行走不便,不爱说话的小伙子与推荐表中那个屡次获得学校奖学金,在校期间参加多个国家级课题组,发表多篇论文的励志人物联系起来。
对于自己的身体缺陷小邓并不避讳,他告诉记者,因为身体原因他的之路变得异常艰辛。
靠着不比别人差的信念和顽强的毅力,小邓不仅顺利读完初中高中,而且高考时还以全班第九名的成绩考入福建师范大学,就读他最感兴趣的计算机专业。
很多人宅在宿舍都在打游戏,邓衍晨却把大把的时间用在了计算机新技术的钻研上,因为专业知识过硬,小邓在大三时就被选入老师的课题组,负责国家级项目的研究。
除了学习,小邓也热心志愿者工作,从一进入大学,他就参加了学校的义务电脑维修队,大二的时候他还被推选为义务维修队的队长,免费为全校的师生解决电脑的各类故障。
虽然在学弟学妹眼中他已然是一个身残志坚的学习榜样,但是小邓却并不满足,他相信努力是交给生命最好的答卷。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
早晨,刚一下火车就看见云朵妹妹向我们微笑;蓝天哥哥向我们招手;太阳公公向我们问好,我的心情也像这天气一样好。
来福建的第一天下午我们就来到了金山公园。这里的面积非常大,绿化也非常好,花草树木随处可见。正当我陶醉其中时,一阵优美动听的声音打断了我的思绪,我抬头一看,原来是一对可爱的黄鹂鸟在树枝上唱歌呢!嗯,黄鹂鸟的声音可真是名不虚传啊! 走过石子路,我便来到了赫赫有名的长廊。我开始浮想联翩起来:这里如果刚下过雨,我一个人在这慢慢地散步,欣赏这美丽的景色,听着小鸟那动听的歌声,看着蝴蝶在翩翩起舞,那该是多么美好多么惬意呀!在不知不觉的幻想中,我来到了荷花池。呀!真大!足足有两个黎河公园那么大呢!忽然,我看见妹妹与弟弟在拿着荷叶在嬉戏打闹。我刚准备摘一朵和他们一起玩耍,却被妈妈立即制止了,说是破坏环境也不文明。我委屈极了 ,心想:他们为什么可以摘,但我却不可以呢?
随后,我们便踏上了回家的路。走着走着,一位工作人员把他们手中的荷花无情地扔进了垃圾桶中,他俩先是一愣,然后尴尬极了。我狡猾的微微一笑,心想:嘿嘿,刚才幸好妈妈及时制止了我……
夜幕来临时 ,我们吃完了牛排,一起来到了人人皆知的万达广场,这是一座大型的购物广场。它外形高大,里面的装饰很精巧,给人一种舒适的感觉。还有各种各样的小吃店铺. 服装店铺……应有尽有,物美价廉。我们在这里买了许多的物品后,就心满意足地回家了。
随着时间的流逝,一天就这么过完了…… 第二天下午,我怀着激动的心情,来到了一直想去的地方——蔚蓝的大海。我飞快的脱掉鞋子,站在海边,微风轻轻地吹拂着我的头发,轻吻着我的脸颊,这种喜悦的心情使我无法描述。换上泳衣,去游泳,一路上我们捡了许多贝壳留做纪念……登上回宿松的火车,我一直依依不舍,这,使我流连忘返……
8月10日的大清早我们就坐上开往厦门的动车,心里特别兴奋,因为这是我和妈妈第一次出远门,还有两名同学及爸妈一起随同,一路上我怀着激动的心情,期待着去亲眼目睹蔚蓝的大海。
6小时后,已是下午2点,我们终于到达了目的地,下车后,眼前的城市既陌生又好奇,我们去酒店休息了片刻,就直奔到第一站——海边. "哇!大海啊,我终于看到你了!”我情不自禁地边喊边在海边跑着,大海真的很辽阔,这是我向往已久的地方,当然得好好体验,我在海水中拍打水花,跟同学一起堆各种模式的沙子,还一起跳到海水里游泳,感觉就像自己已经拥有了大海,特开心。
第二站——鼓浪屿 因为天气炎热,所以我们只有趁早晨凉快很早就出发了。我们趁轮渡来到鼓浪屿。虽说这只是一个海岛,但这里有很多常住的岛民,岛上热闹非凡,别有一番风味。岛上有很多个景点,由于时间关系,我们挑选了其中较有特色的参观。我们慢慢游步到了郑成功纪念馆。观看了郑成功英勇作战,收复台湾的历史史记,还有高大威武的郑成功雕像……这一切让我很受鼓舞。接着我们又参观了日光岩。因为已是正午,阳光很火热,当我们爬到日光岩顶端时,我们都快精疲力尽了。我们站在日光岩的瞭望台上观看时,几乎是惊叹万分,因为我们不仅看到了整个厦门,也看到了宽阔的大海,实在是太壮观了!午饭后,我们坐上了观光车环岛转了一圈,回酒店了。
第三站——厦门大学 。走进大学校门,所有的一切让我很新生好奇,就像是走进了一个有书香氛围的景观小区,让人赞叹不已。 因为快要回家了,晚上,我们去吃了特色的海鲜,之后又去逛了亮丽的步行街
愉快的旅行很快就结束了,我真的有点不舍,因为我不想离开大海,这里的一切让我回味无穷。最后,我们一起坐飞机飞回杭州。说实话,坐飞机也是我头一次体验,真开心。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
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