在读过一篇文章或一本书之后,把获得的感受、以及受到的教育、启迪等写下来,写成的文章就叫“读后感”。
读后感的基本思路如下:
(1简述原文有关内容。如所读书、文的篇名、作者、写作年代,以及原书或原文的内容概要。写这部分内容是为了交代感想从何而来,并为后文的议论作好铺垫。这部分一定要突出一个“简”字,决不能大段大段地叙述所读书、文的'具体内容,而是要简述与感想有直接关系的部分,略去与感想无关的东西。
(2亮明基本观点。选择感受最深的一点,用一个简洁的句子明确表述出来。这样的句子可称为“观点句”。这个观点句表述的,就是这篇文章的中心论点。“观点句”在文中的位置是可以灵活的,可以在篇首,也可以在篇末或篇中。初学写作的同学,最好采用开门见山的方法,把观点写在篇首。
(3围绕基本观点摆事实讲道理。这部分就是议论文的本论部分,是对基本观点(即中心论点)的阐述,通过摆事实讲道理证明观点的正确性,使论点更加突出、更有说服力。这个过程应注意的是,所摆事实、所讲道理都必须紧紧围绕基本观点,为基本观点服务。
(4围绕基本观点联系实际。一篇好的读后感应当有时代气息,有真情实感。要做到这一点,必须善于联系实际。这“实际”可以是个人的思想、言行、经历,也可以是某种社会现象。联系实际时也应当注意紧紧围绕基本观点,为观点服务,而不能盲目联系、前后脱节。
以上四点是写读后感的基本思路,但是这思路不是一成不变的,要善于灵活掌握。比如,“简述原文”一般在“亮明观点”前,但二者先后次序互换也是可以的。再者,如果在第三个步骤摆事实讲道理时所摆的事实就是社会现象或个人经历,就不必再写第四个部分了。
——读《金冠的秘密》有感
前几天,我读了一则故事。其内容是,古希腊的一位科学家叫阿基米徳,他在一次洗澡时发现了水的浮力原理。据此,他解开了金冠的秘密。原理是:拿两只大小都相等的罐子,把金冠和一个与它同样重的金块,分别放入装满水的罐子里。水从罐子溢出时,用两个盘子接着,再把两盘水称一下。若放金冠的罐子溢出的水多,说明金冠不是纯金的。这个故事给我的启示是:处处留心皆学问。
世界上的万事万物,都有它自身存在和运行的规律。这些规律有许多我们并不知道。要认识世界,掌握规律,学到知识,就要去留心观察。如果不留心,知识永远不会自动跑到我们的头脑中来。有一次,我家的窗户上结了冰。爸爸问我是怎么回事。我随口说道:“不就是热胀冷缩嘛!”爸爸告诉我要注意观察。经过一次次的观察思考,我才发现了其中的秘密。原来,暧空气遇到冷玻璃形成了水珠,晚上气温下降就结了冰。
我们许多人都洗过澡,为什么阿基米德洗澡的时候,就知道怎么解开金冠的迷呢?阿基米德并不比我们多长一个脑袋,也不多长一只胳膊。他发现水的浮力,是因为他留心观察,才得出结论。如果不留心,他洗一万次澡也不会知道什么是水的浮力。有的同学可能会说:“书本上学到的知识我们没有留心观察,不也掌握了,你说的处处留心皆学问不全对。”其实,书本上的知识也是前人留心观察的结果。就说我们学的地球引力吧,它就是牛顿留心观察发现的。有一次,牛顿坐在苹果树下看书,一只苹果掉在了他的头上,他想为什么苹果不往上掉呢?他留心了这个问题,才知道了地球的引力。
没有一项发明是睡觉睡出来的。我想:一个人只要勤于观察、 勤于思考、勤于试验,不怕失败,就一定能取得成功。
写这种没有约束的“自由”的读后感,不少人比写的读后感要生动、实在,原因就在于“自由”二字,如果你在考试作文时,也保持这种轻松自由的心态,恐怕写出来的作文要多得不少分。仅从这一点分析,经常写一些“自由”的读后感,是不是可以减少你在考试时的紧张的不正常的心理压力,使作文写得更好呢?
读完一本书或一篇文章,会有许多感想和体会;对同样一本书或一篇文章,不同的人从不同的角度思考问题,更是会产生不同的看法、受到不同的启迪。以大家熟知的“滥竽充数”成语故事为例,从讽刺南郭先生的角度去思考,可以领悟到没有真本领蒙混过日子的人早晚要“露馅”,认识到掌握真才实学的重要性;若是考虑在齐宣王时南郭先生能混下去的原因,就可以想到领导者要有实事求是的领导作风,不能搞华而不实,否则会给混水摸鱼的人留下空子可钻;再要从管理体制的角度去思考,就可进一步认识到齐宣王的“大锅饭”缺少必要的考评机制,为南郭先生一类的人提供了饱食终日混日子的客观条件,从而联想到改革开放以来,打破“铁饭碗”,废除大锅饭的必要性。
一篇读后感,不能写出诸多的感想或体会,这就要加以选择。作为初学者,就要选择自己感受最深又觉得有话可说的一点来写。要注意把握分析问题的角度,注意联系自己的实际情况,从众多的头绪中选择最恰当的感受点,作为全文议论的中心。
初中作文课中,除了写“读后感”外,老师还会要求同学们在看完一部电影、电视片或参观完某一展览后写“”,观后感的写法与读后感是一样的,只需在第一部分简述所观的内容,然后引出观点、展开论述就可以了。
I have a great mother. She cares much about me in my life and study.
In the morning, she gets up early to make breakfast for me. When I was little, she prepared my schoolbag. But now, she tells me to do it by myself. Because she thinks I have been old enough to do it. Besides, she always checks my homework. When I finish my homework, she checks it and points out the mistakes. She is very careful and helps me a lot.
I love my mother.
Dear Admission Committee:
Miss Pan Bei requested a letter of recommendation from me to support her application for graduate program at your university. As her teacher, I am pleased to comply with her request.
I first got to know Miss Pan when she enrolled at university and I was the assistant director of her class at that time. Being a professor for several years, I noticed that due to the lack of self-learning ability, it is really challenging for students, even those performing excellent in senior school, to keep up with the college speed. However, as a diligent girl without any solid background in Computer Science before college, she adapted quickly to the especially competitive environment in our department. At the end of the first year, she earned the 5th rank in her class, while ranking 1st among the girls. I was fairly impressed by her self-learning technique and exceptional efforts. Hence, I believe, goal-oriented, not afraid of inchoateness and with persistence, she has the quality to make achievements.
What distinguished her among her classmates, I think, was that she went far beyond acquiring excellent scores in the exams and instead got her range of knowledge enlarged. In spring, 2006, Miss Pan took the course I taught named Algebraic Structures and Combinatorial Mathematics. This inquisitive and assiduous young woman was sometimes the last to leave after my class, raising novel questions related to the subject. I found that she understood the knowledge in depth and detail. Furthermore, I still remember during the spring vocation in May, due to the break-down of my mail box, I missed her mails to discussing some questions. But the following week during the course time, she asked me directly. Her zeal for knowledge and the spirit to explore answers really leave me a deep impression. Finally, she was among the few students who got almost full marks in every test in class which showed her exceeding grasp of every chapter. Thus, I gave her 98/100 for the excellent performance in my course.
In summary, I have every reason to believe that Miss. Pan will make outstanding performance at your university as a graduate. I would appreciate greatly if you give her a favorable consideration. Please feel free to contact me directly if more assistance is needed. Faithfully yours,
Wanling Qu, Professor
Department of Computer Science and technology Peking University
Email: qwku.edu.cn
November **, ****
To Whom It May Concern:
This is to confirm that Mr. Li Dashui has worked as a full-time system analyst in the NY University since Jun 1994(or This letter is to verify that Mr. Li Dashui worked as an chemist from July 1993 to Sept. 1994. Mr. Lis main duties and responsibilities are as follows:
Design, develop and install various computer hardware, software and network systems for banks.
Determine and analyze the requirements of each system project into related componets solved through the application of computer technology.
Write specifications for computer programs, and test and implement programs for network systems and control systems.
Supervise computer programmers and other system analysts for paticular system projects.
Mr. Li has mainly taken part in the following projects:
The first engineering design of city general business computer network system.
Upgrading banks system for IBM AS/400 E45 to IBM AS/400 320, IBM AS/400 530.
The design development and test of city general business computer network system.
The design and development network and database systems for the Golden Credit Card Project.
Mr. Li is well experienced with IBM AS/400 system analysis, TCP/IP protocol, SNA protocol and LAN; proficient in RPGIII, VB, C/C++ and DB2, and skilled in UNIX, Informix, Client/Server etc.
Mr. Li is a hard-working and talented analyst, and is highly respected member in our company. If you need further information, please feel free to contact me. Sincerely yours, Singature, Zhang Jianguo
Senior Engineer and Technical Manage Company Name, Address, Tex Fax
读书笔记分为摘录笔记、提纲笔记、评注笔记、心得笔记四种。
摘录笔记就是把所读文章的好句子、好材料摘录下来的笔记。这种笔记有的同学小学时就做过,但是坚持下来的人很少。摘录笔记做多了,经常读一读,对于提高我们的语言表达能力很有帮助,在时可以参考、模仿,有的甚至可以直接引用。
提纲笔记就是把所读文章的要点归纳记录下来的笔记。它对于我们阅读分析很有帮助,也有助于我们提高作文的构思能力。
如果所读的书是自己的书,还可以在书的空白处写下自己看法、疑问、评论等,也可以做一些记号。这就是评注笔记。它会加强我们对文章的理解、记忆,作文时如果要参考、模仿渡过的文章,有没有做过评注的,效果大不一样。
心得笔记简单的就是扼要地写一写读书的心得,可以不过多考虑格式,把心得记下来即可。上一讲我们说找文章的“眼睛”,实际就是一种心得,你把它记录下来,不用过多地展开议论,这就是心得笔记。
广义地讲,读后感也是心得笔记之一,但人们一般都把读后感独立地提出来讲解和练习。我们也这样做。
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.