1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
青春,是早起升起的朝霞中最炫丽的一色,是茫茫大海中最晶亮的一滴,是满山青草中最具生机的一簇。
孩子是终究要离开笼子的鸟,每一位父母,每一个家庭,都只是孩子暂时的避风港,要远征的船,是始终要出海的,要经历的风浪,是终究无法避免的。人生的许多路,许多暗夜,只能自己去面对,孩子的一生,父母无法去替代、去承担。
我的青春我做主,爸爸妈妈,请舍去你们的溺爱,让你们的儿女在挫折的道路中闯荡,作为90后的孩子,时代给予我们太多的机会,让我们勇敢地脱下包袱,着一身轻装奋力前行,尽管道路充满荆棘、充满沟壑、充满暗夜,但我们不怕,青春的力量能化解一切灾难,青春的力量能迎接各种挑战。
虽然在这个大环境里,我们没有理由说不,课业负担,太重,太重,太重……
看不完的,是书。
听不完的,是唠叨。
怕不完的,是成绩单。
做不完的,是各科作业。
青春也要怀着积极的态度去迎接的选拔,毕竟学习也是为了更好的生活,考试只是选拔人才的重要手段。
我的青春勇气,在生活中,我们要新颖,要多变,张扬自己的个性,让生活之水沸腾,我们要规范,要稳定,要内敛自己的浮躁,在坎坷面前心如止水,在青春中,用内敛和张扬来表达我们的爱,一滴水也足以让大海翻滚,一枯草也会让青山黯然。别忘了张扬,也别忘了内敛,青春的道路中不会一帆风顺,既然选择了青春自己做主,就必须有非凡的思辨能力,把一切都放在脚下。
我的青春勇气,我的路,既然选择了,便会一直延伸,没有终点。
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
青春年少,风华正茂。每个人都拥有自己渴望的青春梦。
青春的我们,希望可以如内心渴望一样,无忧无虑,活跃在校园的每个角落。青春的我们,渴望拥有一份骄傲的答卷,青春的我们,渴望进行一场属于我们少男少女的野外郊游,摆托那些闲言碎语。15岁的我们充满了希望。
多想,抛下书山题海,二胖可以清楚哪些唠叨的教诲,无忧无虑,插上翅膀,飞到校园,在校园里遗留属于我们三年快乐的时光:飞到桂林山水,欣赏秀丽的大好河山;飞到香格里拉,寻觅春天的足迹,享受田园风光,净化心灵。
多想,没有的学习。初二的我们,三天一小考,五天一大考。学习中等的我们经受不了此起彼伏的红叉叉,那鲜艳的分数。没有负担,自主学习,这亦是大多青春学子的梦吧?多想老师不要以成绩衡量一个人的好坏,评价一个人啊!
多想进行一场活动,让我们少男少女彼此学习,消除隔膜,互相促进。十五岁的我,渴望被人理解,没有那些闲言碎语,没有性别之差,我们都是朋友。
多想,实施那种平等促进的师生民主关系,没有长辈之分,都是朋友课堂上你那抑扬顿挫讲诉的每句话一定会印在我们的脑海,多想我们师生关系就像张丽莉老师和她的学子一样啊。多想课堂上也可以彼此探讨解决问题,课后我们嬉戏玩耍。我想这样的学习一定深受青春大多学子的喜爱吧。
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