Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
那么如何推行说国语,我有几点意见:
一、以身作则:要使国语普遍的在每个角落推行成功,应该从自己做起,在学校和同学或师长们用国语沟通,在家里要用国语和家长们讲话,由自己来影响同学、朋友及亲戚,那么久而久之,国语就能普及到社会。
二、成立民教班:我们可以在晚上的时侯,成立民教班。请一些不会说国语的年长乡民参加,使他们在老师的教导下,也能渐渐的'说出一口流利的国语来。
三、民间风俗:在有大热闹的时候,总是会请一些歌仔戏,或布袋戏来表演,让民众看,这些都是以方言来对话的,对推行国语来说,这实在是一项很大的阻碍。我们可以请专人放映一些对世道人心有益的国语影片让民众观看,这样时间一久,民众就慢慢地学会说国语了。
第七章就是告诉大家要想把孩子从角色中释放出来,是个复杂的过程,这不仅仅要彻底改变对孩子的态度,而且需要运用到我们前六章所学的内容。
这本书特别好,它里面有具体的例子,还有练习让你去做,通过具体的练习可以做到情景再现,如果是你的话,遇到这种情况会怎么办?这本书没有年龄段的限制,我觉的非常受用。
最近读了两本关于亲子教育方面的书,我觉得对我的帮助很大。我是一个农村长大的孩子,受农村封建思想的影响,在我的潜意识里,我觉得拉孩子特别简单,就是我是妈妈,我说了算,所有的事情你都得听我的安排,其实真的不是这样的。孩子是一个独立的个体,我们应该尊重她。而且与孩子相处也没有那么简单,孩子一天天在长大,他的思想在发生着变化,我们必须不断的`学习才能跟上孩子的脚步,正如樊登老师所说,要想成为一个好的父母,必须成为终身学习者,我觉得这句话对我的触动很大。不光是在做父母方面,你要成为终身的学习者,而且是在生活工作当中,应该一直保持着这种终身学习者的态度,去面对生活,这样你才能更好的融入这个社会,融入当下的环境当中。
世界上最难买的就是后悔药,如果时间能够倒回的话,在我***期间在孩子小的时候,我想我会读大量的亲子方面的书籍,当然,说这些已经没有用了,从现在开始我已经在学习,已经在进步,我相信通过我的学习,我和我孩子之间的亲子关系会得到进一步的改善。加油!
那么如何推行说国语,我有几点意见:
一、以身作则:要使国语普遍的在每个角落推行成功,应该从自己做起,在学校和同学或师长们用国语沟通,在家里要用国语和家长们讲话,由自己来影响同学、朋友及亲戚,那么久而久之,国语就能普及到社会。
二、成立民教班:我们可以在晚上的时侯,成立民教班。请一些不会说国语的年长乡民参加,使他们在老师的教导下,也能渐渐的说出一口流利的国语来。
三、民间风俗:在有大热闹的时候,总是会请一些歌仔戏,或布袋戏来表演,让民众看,这些都是以方言来对话的,对推行国语来说,这实在是一项很大的阻碍。我们可以请专人放映一些对世道人心有益的国语影片让民众观看,这样时间一久,民众就慢慢地学会说国语了。
相反,从下面的对话方式中,可以看出:如果接纳孩子的感受,就能让孩子积极地思考问题。
孩子:老师说要取消我们的表演。她真讨厌!
家长:那你一定很失望。你期待了那么长时间!
孩子:是啊,就因为裁判的时候,有几个同学捣乱。那也是他们的错啊!
家长:(安静地听)
孩子:而且大家都不知道自己该演什么。老师很生气。
家长:原来是这样啊。
孩子:她说如果我们好好演,就再给我们一次机会…我最好还是再复习一次我那部分。
总结:所有年龄段的人在情绪低落的时候,都不在乎别人是否同意,需要的只是有人能理解我们正在经历的事情。
当孩子的情绪郁闷时,如果直接问孩子:“你为什么会觉得那样?”有什么错吗?有点孩子能够告诉我们为什么他们惊恐、生气、不开心。但多数情况下,“为什么”只会给他们增加难题。因为这需要他们基于原有的难过心情,分析原因,然后总结出一个合理的解释。很多时候孩子并不知道他们为什么生气或难过。也有点时候,孩子不敢说出他们的理由,因为他们担心在大人眼里,他们说出的理由不够充分。当孩子难过的时候,我们说“看起来你好像很难过。”对孩子会很有帮助。孩子更容易和一个接纳他们感受到成人沟通,而不是逼着他们作出解释。
诸如此类的例子数不胜数,虽说是一本亲子类的书籍,但对于我们幼儿园教师也十分受益,他能够拉近我们和孩子之间的距离,让我们更加了解孩子,更加亲近孩子。借用书中的一句话“与孩子们生活在一起,将他们养育成人是一个极富挑战性、极易让人筋疲力尽的过程,仅仅有爱心是远远不够的,很多情况下还需要我们充满智慧和耐力。”
家长培养孩子的一个最重要的目标就是帮助他们成为一个独立的个体,让孩子自己做自己的事情,亲身经历各种问题带来的挣扎,在自己的错误中得到成长,让孩子依赖感降到最少,让孩子成为有责任感的人。
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