导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
庆阳是一块古老而又美丽的土地,河川纵横,在庆阳众多的河流中,马莲河却卓尔不群,流域内一条条支流、一道道溪水、像一缕缕纤微灵动的毛细血管,滋润着庆阳大地。
庆阳有名的要数窑洞了,窑洞是黄土高原的产物,是独特的汉族民居形式,是陕北农民的象征。具有十分独特的汉族民俗文化和民族风情。在这里,沉积了古老的黄土地深层文化人民创造了陕北的窑洞艺术(民间艺术)。过去,一位农民辛勤劳作一生,最基本的愿望就是修建几孔窑洞。有了窑娶了妻才算成了家立了业。男人在黄土地上刨挖,女人则在土窑洞里操持家务、生儿育女。小小窑洞浓缩了黄土地的别样风情。
去庆阳就要去周祖陵,周祖陵历史悠久,钟灵毓秀,自古为游览胜地。首先从风城过大桥,到周祖陵山下,经过茂密的.林带和蜿蜓崎岖的简易公路可达停车场,停车场上面的建筑群用822个石台阶连接在一起。山顶周祖文化区,总体布局严谨规范,错落有致。
以周祖大殿、周王殿、肇周圣祖牌坊、姜嫄殿、后稷殿、碑亭、八卦亭、鉴亭、栖凤亭以及钟鼓楼为主的周祖文化景区。农耕文化体验园景区。周祖农耕文化体验园在建设上主要突出了五谷、五果、五菜、五花、五药为主的五福临门,以田间小道、循环利用的潺潺流水,以因地制宜的树种大全,以多彩多姿的陇东民俗,以体验享乐的农家乐园五大特色。现已建成了主干道路、盘旋路、祭坛、祭祀广场、二十四节气柱、岐黄中医博物馆、作坊街、展览馆、风情广场等主要建筑,已成为集祭祀、体验、感受、观光、娱乐于一体的旅游景区。
欢迎大家来庆阳,魅力庆阳欢迎您!
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
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