今年暑假,我回了一次老家,才发现,那里的色彩,比布满钢筋丛林城市里的更绚丽,更鲜明......
那抹纯洁的蓝
都说城市里的天空是灰暗迷蒙的,雪白的云朵早已被工厂里的黑烟熏得不见了踪影,就连夜晚,天空也是灰蒙蒙的,颗颗繁星躲在了黑灰色大幕的后面。在乡村,我才到了什么叫蓝。晴朗万里时,天空是一片纯粹的蓝,漂浮着几朵棉花似的白云。晴空的那种蓝,是淡淡的,是明朗的,是纯洁的。当夜幕降临,天空是一片深邃的蓝,一颗颗星星清晰可见,织女星纯洁高雅,就像镶嵌在深蓝天鹅绒上的钻石,熠熠发光。夜幕的那种蓝,是浓烈的,是深邃的,是纯洁的.。
那抹清新的绿
在乡村,最常见的莫过于绿幽幽的植物了,漫山遍野只有一种颜色---绿。不过这种绿是有层次的,有嫩绿,有墨绿,有黄绿,有翠绿,有鲜绿,有碧绿......各种颜色的绿,像一朵朵绚丽的花,绽放在山野丛林间,释放着自己独特的清新。城市里的绿色,是不太常见的,就算见到了,往往也是覆盖着一层灰,是那种灰绿,少了一份清新,倒平添了一份阴郁。
那抹温暖的黄
都说阳光是金色的,其实不然,我觉得倒是黄色的,而且是那种昏黄。穿透嫩绿的树叶,洒在红色的泥土上,给人以温暖的感觉,是那种从心底深处透出来的暖。昏黄的阳光照在脸上,那种温暖,是一种幸福。在城市里,阳光赤裸裸地照在脸上,那种就不是暖了,而是热,像被烘烤这一般。
或许,有些颜色,在乡村,才会变得真正的绚丽吧。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
今请辞,心有戚戚焉。希天山一别,取经东向,去家万里,游学京师。寒窗十余载,稷下 情正浓。
一朝学成,东北而望,二三之龄,风华正茂,励心从检,宵衣旰食。求茫茫之正义,虽碌碌而无悔。不觉春去秋来,寒书暑相易,白云苍狗,沧海桑田,十五年时光转瞬即逝。然书生意气,求之靡途。
胸中所志,块垒难消。羁索牵绊,恍然若失。口腹之欲,自役徒然。生生所资,未见其术。仕道官途,皆为浮云。恺悌君子,神所劳矣。风雨如晦,锦鸡独鸣。归欤之情,眷然何以自处?
自从检事,不求显达于庭闾,但愿无愧于寸心。虽心为形役,违以交病,然志不能片刻堕,道不曾须臾离。尝东皋而望野,徒舒啸而迷离,叹何枝可依。时刻自省,经常觉悟,然朝悔其行,夕则复然。长此往复,不胜其烦。观人情厌恶,世间冷暖,蝇营狗苟,驱去复还。《诗》曰:营营青蝇,止于樊。岂非有所示耶?是因相顾无相识,宜当长歌怀采薇。岁岁黄菊,千载东篱,伴我倦鸟,茸我衡宇。往者不可谏,来者尤可追。欲效接舆醉,狂歌五柳前。
归去来兮!小舟从此逝,江海寄余生。
归去来兮!人生几何复几何?曷不任性任我行?挂靴挥手自兹去,萧萧斑马鸣啾啾!
丙申甲午樊胜顿首。
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