人们常说,有梦想才能有作为,有行动才能有成功。文学大师林语堂曾经说过:“梦无论怎样模糊,总潜伏在我们的心底,使我们的心境永远得不到宁静,直到这些梦想成为现实。”但想要使“这些梦想变为现实”,行动才是唯一的手段的保证。
我看到过许多名人的故事,他们小时侯都有自己的目标,我也知道,他们把目标分成一小段一小段来实现,最终,达到了梦想的高峰。但是,我始终没有找到梦想,直到今天,我读了《面对自己——有梦想才能有作为》这篇文章中的一个故事后,我才找到了自己的梦想。
一条小毛虫朝着太阳升起的地方,慢慢爬行着。它在路上遇到一只蝗虫,蝗虫问它:“你要到哪里去?”毛毛虫边爬边回答:“我昨天晚上做了一个梦,梦见我在大山顶上看见了整个山谷。我喜欢梦中看到的情景,我要把它变为现实。”蝗虫很惊讶地说:“你烧糊涂了?还是脑子进水了?你怎么可能达到那个地方。你只是一条小毛虫耶!对你来说,一块石头就是高山,一个水坑就是无法逾越的障碍。”但小毛虫已经爬远了,根本没有理会蝗虫的话,继续前进。后来,蜘蛛、鼹鼠、青蛙和花朵都以同样的口吻劝小毛虫放弃这个打算。但小毛虫始终坚持向前爬行……终于,小毛虫精疲力尽,用最后的力气建成一个可以休息的小窝——蛹,就“死”了,动物们都来瞻仰这它,等到它们第二次来的时候,小毛虫贝壳状的蛹开始破裂,一只美丽的\'蝴蝶出现了!随着轻风吹拂,美丽的蝴蝶翩翩飞到了大山顶上……
这个美丽的传说,告诉我们一个人生哲理:人活在世界上,不能没有梦想;为了自己的梦想,要付出艰辛和努力。我找到了梦想——成为一名记者。我要努力,争取做最好的自己!
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
书中令人回味的句子,让自己美好。
蔚蓝的天空中飘着几朵白云,野草上点缀着星星点点的小花,像是一幅美丽的画卷。母亲手里拿着一本书,女儿依在妈妈的怀中,听妈妈讲那动人的故事。女孩沉浸在动人的故事里,为可怜的海伦·凯勒流泪……这是我最初与书的接触。
童年因书香而快乐,童年因书香而美好。
书中载着许多满是香气的梦,梦中我与李白、杜甫、白居易畅谈,与书为伴,畅游史河。
书,让我明白了人生之真谛。当简爱说出“我和你是平等的”时,我感受到女性的自尊;高尔基说出“我扑在书上,就像饥饿的人扑在面包上”时,我感觉到人对书的渴望……正是因为书,我才学会坚强。
书得伴伴我成长,我因书香而美好!
书中许多美丽的景色仿佛就在眼前。夕阳下,历尽沧桑的樟树依旧高峻挺拔,它淡淡的清香沁人心脾,那景象,镌刻在记忆,再难忘去。
每一首小诗,都如清晨的露珠般清澈美好,滴落在我的心间,让烦燥的心变得很宁静。
书卷多情似故人,晨昏忧乐每相亲。
又是一个晚上,月光透过窗户,洒入书房。我坐在桌前,捧起一本书,开启心灵的旅行。从青涩到成熟,读书让我经历一次次的蜕变,那些细碎的读书时光,弥漫在心灵深处,寂静生香。
我因书而美好!
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
夏日,静好。如水的日子散发着淡淡的清欢,花香鸟鸣的清晨,喜欢依着一杯茶的馨香,倚在窗前,看天上白云轻轻飘过,任光阴静静的在指尖流淌,让一颗被尘世烟火渲染的心渐渐沉静下来,默念一份心灵的温婉,拥有一段清寂的时光。
一直认为最好的心境,不是避开车水马龙,而是在心中修篱种菊。尘世的纷纷扰扰,总是会让人倦了累了,找一个清闲的午后,关上心灵窗子,隔绝人世的喧嚣,一杯茶,一本书,便是一段静谧的光阴。茶,便可以品尝人生的百味;书可以找回心灵的皈依。轻拥一米阳光入怀,和着书香,任流淌的心事,在季节中浅漾,生命就在这悠然的时光中婉约成一朵花。
与文字相依相偎的日子,天是蓝的,风是轻柔的,心是清宁的,光阴是美的。拈一指墨香,江南的清韵,唐诗宋词的婉约,于微雨红尘处,观一朵莲的超凡脱俗,赏一抹山水的灵气,让风儿吹去满心的疲惫,让云儿拂去眉间的烦恼,将唯美写进诗行,将爱恋寄情山水,将温暖一路铭记,在清净的文字中邂逅自己,静静地享受春花开的绚丽,秋叶落的静美。任时光之笔在岁月的纸笺上写下沧桑,独守清欢,文字生香,便是人间好时节。
素来喜欢那种浅淡的芬芳,一如兰花的清香,不张扬,不厚重,却也芬芳怡人。淡是人生的底色,淡如水,是生命的源泉;淡如清风,轻柔悠然。行走在尘世间,千般经历,万般找寻,最美不过拥有一颗淡然的心。淡,在岁月里;静,在心里;而清欢,则在眉眼间。拈一颗素于流年里,褪却指尖浮华,揽一份悠闲和诗意,与时光对饮,拈花浅笑,在光阴的角落里,寻一处心灵的桃花源,任时光散尽,岁月荏苒,暮然回首,希望我们仍还有一颗清澈如初的心。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
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