有这么一个具有千年历史的古镇,优美的传说一直代代相传、口口相颂;有这么一个具有千年历史的古镇,故土的乡恋一直情牵游子、如影随形;有这么一个具有千年历史的古镇,发展的脉搏一直激昂跃动、铿锵有力。这个历史名镇,就是地处如皋“西大门”的搬经镇——
传奇搬经美丽传说代代相传
搬经,如皋的西大门。其名何来?相传唐僧师徒西天取经归来,途经此地突然大雨滂沱,唐僧师徒连同经书被浇得湿透。正当他们急得满头大汗之时,老天显灵风和日丽。这可喜煞唐僧,他不顾疲劳翻身下马,气喘吁吁地对徒儿们说:“快,快搬经,把经书搬出来晒晒!”徒儿们拿的拿、接的接,翻的翻、晒的晒,少顷,两箱经书全部晒干,唐僧师徒喜笑颜开。“搬经”由此名传后世……
“在那个阳光明媚的午后,我反剪双手立在船头遥望故乡。目光如饥似渴。我闻见了故乡原野飘来缕缕青绿的滋味……故乡是那样宁静。秋阳在广阔无边的天空中变成温柔的深蓝。两岸熟黄的玉米在午后秋光里打盹……”这是著名作家朱千华经典散文《一棵想家的玉米》中的文字。朱千华笔下的故乡,就是千年古镇搬经,他灵魂的家园。
同样视搬经为灵魂家园的,还有获得“亚洲青春文学奖”的长篇小说《依偎》的作者丁捷。时至今日,丁捷仍记得,自己幼年时家乡虽相对闭塞,但使他的童年保持了一种原始、本真的文化环境,这给他的文学创作提供了很大的帮助。丁捷曾经在接受媒体采访时说,《依偎》中灵魂之旅的灵感就来自于小时候在家乡听到的一些传说。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
我乘车经过如皋的夜晚,清朗的街道,霓虹勾勒出城市的线条,在北风轻拂的夜色中,清澈,透亮。仿佛初恋般,我爱上了这座小城。
十二个小时前,我乘上杭州开往如皋的大巴车,早起的疲惫和旅途的倦意,在五个小时的颠簸之后,被抛在这座苏东小城。我来此的目的,是参加在这里举行的2016全国盆景交易大会,以及如皋国际园艺城开业典礼。而我对如皋的了解,仅限于长寿之乡、盆景之都,以及董小宛、李昌钰这些来自百度百科的关键词。
会议承办方花木大世界网的小伙伴驱车带我来到此行的目的地。在距离市中心仅4公里之外,建成已逾十年的如皋花木大世界已成废墟,而在它身旁,一座占地广袤,规划齐整,文艺范、国际范十足的园艺城正在崛起。据介绍,中国•如皋国际园艺城规划占地1150亩,总投资15亿元,目前已建成使用的一期项目占地700亩,以国家4A级景区为标准打造,设有花木交易区、园艺资材区、商业服务区三大核心区,总计1000余个摊位。花木大世界网的小伙伴骄傲地对我说,我们市场的摊位几乎还没有推广,入驻的商户就已经满员,还有很多人排着队想来呢!这好像和全国各地很多门庭冷落、招商困难的花木城形成了鲜明的对比,在花木产业遭遇困境,行业跌入冷冬的今天,如皋是怎么做到的?吹牛吧你!我在心里暗想。
驶过宽阔绵长的园区大道,来到两座大型展馆,接下来的五天,2016全国盆景交易大会、2016花卉旅游材料设施展览会两场展会将在此举行。此时的展厅,参展商正忙碌着布置展位,而按捺不住的手痒的第一批参观者,已经忙不迭地和老板砍起了价格。尽管外面下着小雨,地面却不见湿乱,整洁、明亮的展厅,一如蛰伏数年,跃然出镜的园艺城,充满了新鲜与朝气。
我是闲不住的人,趁着小伙伴忙活的功夫,独自离开展厅,逛起了园艺城。如皋真不愧是中国花木盆景之都,在园艺城内,随处可见造型精美,价值不菲的盆景,而由大大小小,重叠错落的盆景组成的一条条花径,直直地通向一个个白墙黑瓦的房屋。这么高端大气的配置,门后会是某个精品展厅,或者政府机关的办事处?我正疑惑间,从屋里走出一人,向我介绍起面前的盆景来。一问才知,原来他就是这家店的老板,这小院里摆的都是他们家售卖的花木,而后面的小屋,是他们一家三口办公和居住的地方。整个园艺城的花木交易区,都是由这样一户一户前院后宅,盆中有景,景上花开的商户组成的!
这大概是最接近于一个花木人的梦想吧,住一间小屋,在屋前的小院里种满喜爱的花,有客来时,笑意相迎,聊到兴起,买走几盆。而夜幕降临,窗外虫声低吟,树影婆娑,回屋酣睡,香甜有梦。我像发现新大陆一般忙不迭地拍下数家商户的照片,附上文字发到朋友圈里,而令人意想不到的是,这条信息瞬间俘获了大量人心,语言派纷纷表示好美好喜欢,而行动派则表示,兄弟别走,明天我就来如皋看看。
遗憾的是,从如皋开往杭州的班车,一天一趟。在参加了园艺城的开幕典礼、一场花卉旅游论坛以及两场展会之后的清晨,我匆匆离开。虽然只有短短的3天,我爱上了这里清朗的夜色,清新的空气,宽阔的街道,和美味的大包,而最重要的.是,这个千千万万花木人的梦想之地,将从这个起点出发,走向梦想中的未来。
明年,我还来如皋,约吗?
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
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