I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
一是“源波讨源”、“依文论文”。“源波讨源”即要求阅卷老师要充分明白手头的作文,是考生在特殊场合和有限时间里写的“急就章”,且中学生阅历有限,因此阅卷老师应根据中学生的实际情况来评阅,按照中学生的思路来理解,不能按成人的标准来进行评价。“依文论文”就是,阅卷老师要按照文章的体裁来充分理解文章,是什么体裁(议论、说明或记叙)就按什么体裁标准来评价,不能有个人的好恶。
二是“立足给分,不立足扣分”。刘教授说,一般老师往往喜欢对学生的文章“找问题”,但考虑到考生写的是“急就章”,所以阅卷老师应立足于尽量发现考生的“闪光点”,今年作文强调感情真挚,内容充实,文体符合。此外还鼓励考生的个性发展,“个性”就是“闪光点”,因此在发展等级分方面,只要涉及标答中的一点,就可给分,直至满10分。
三是“以宽容开放心态评阅”。刘教授说,今年强调老师要以宽容、开放心态评阅考生作文。凡是和话题沾边(所谓“进了门槛”)的作文,都不当作偏题处理,当然要宽严有度。此外,鼓励阅卷老师敢于给考生作文打满分,“满分作文允许有个别瑕疵存在”。
四是“通过阅卷起到一定导向作用”。刘教授说,高考作文评卷要体现导向作用,促进教育向素质教育发展。比如说,现在倡导作文应告别模式化,端正文风,内容与形式统一,摒弃华而不实的、空洞的.东西。今年作文强调是否体现了考生的独自的、真实的生活和情感体验,思维状态是否清晰、有序展现,是否有“我”在(即个性化)。刘教授还说,今年对作文十分重视“符合文体”这一点。因此,像那种追求形式华丽、文体怪异的文章,将不受欢迎,“非驴非马”(即文体不正)的文章,不可能得高分。
据刘教授介绍,今年高考语文评卷还将严格控制速度,每位老师每天只能评120份试卷,落实到每份作文上,阅卷时间平均在4.5分钟左右。以前有媒体曾报道高考作文评分“90秒钟定生死”,这在我省是无稽之谈。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
最初的喜欢是因他的名字——学良,汉卿,爱国壮士味十足,却又带了一点优雅的精致。
那种喜欢是遥远而空洞的,虽然当年也曾惊叹于历史书上他如少帅这称号一般的气质,但也丝毫没有兴致去进一步了解什么,从这点来看我算不得花痴。
寒假里只是偶尔出于好奇点了PPlive上的《西安事变》,我之前并没有看过胡军的剧目,并觉得这个人的长相,稍稍有点辱没了他。然而,那偶尔的一个点击,却一发不可收。以至于那时我便想,一定要写点什么,来纪念这个男人,纪念这样一种率直的,秀气的,赤诚的,高傲的光华。
威仪棣棣,不可选也
觉得用淳朴率性的《诗经》来形容同样的他最为合适。
东北人,率性俊朗,浑然天成。却拥有江南人那般的皮肤,当年戴季陶曾形容他公子气,皮肤好得像个瓷娃娃。
电视剧中宋美龄一度称他为莱茵河畔的骑士,真实度虽不可考,当年宋美龄把少帅介绍进上海上流交际圈,时常相伴却是不假。
谣传更有甚者,据说墨索里尼的女儿对其一见钟情。而赵四风流朱五狂,不过是从侧面印证其威仪之表罢了。
甚至到蒋介石先生逝世之后,隐退多年已然高龄的`少帅出现于灵堂,在场的新人旧识仍要赞叹“汉公风度”。
但再胜的外表,也不过是绿叶而已。少帅被嵌入历史册页,主要是两件事——东北易帜、西安事变。那些俊朗的老照片,那些风流旧史,便如同一个重大日子的好天气,叫一切鲜明生动起来。但那日子却无法改变,正如其赤诚率性无法改变一般。
我心匪石,不可转也
最爱的镜头是第6集,宋子文问他,对当年东北易帜可曾后悔。他说怎么可能。当年土肥原转达日本天皇的意思——支持他当皇帝。他拥有东北三省的土地,三千万人民,全国最强的兵工产业,还有自己的边业银行,若他当皇帝,就没有溥仪什么事了。却让土肥原带回去两句话:“一、日本天皇不在我之上,我与裕仁是同庚;二、我张学良,永远是一个中国人。” 一旁的赵四静默地看着他,眼里却是说不出的崇敬。那时我突然理解了赵四的心情。
我之前是无法理解赵四的。名门闺秀,花容月貌,却不惜与父决裂,与少帅私奔,得到的也不过是个情人的地位,直到60多了才算有了正式名分,据说还曾有誓言——汉卿不爱听的她绝对不说,汉卿不喜欢的她绝对不做。之前想不通,当一个女人付出所有的时候,不是已经失却了自我么?那时却突然明白,崇敬而已。必是怀有同样的崇高,却因种种而无法达到那般成就,那么面对如此威仪赤诚的人,又有何理由不做出一切牺牲呢,“你的梦想,正是我的梦想”而已。赵四对他,应是“我心匪席,不可卷也”。
而张学良,我以为便是“我心匪石”了。
“不可转也”的是两件——国家、兄长。每一件皆可惊天动地,每一件皆可成就一段忠烈英名。
然而张学良偏遇上了两件,并是互相矛盾的两件,也难免会成就一段比小说还精彩的篇章。
虽然台湾和国外也有不少人对西安事变对历史的作用持否定态度,但不论手段方法,少帅对国家,对抗日之赤诚是毋庸置疑。
据说最初他想当济世良医,坚决不愿从军。张作霖却给他一把刀说,医生一次只能救一个,一把刀却可以***很多人。
他率军入关与军阀大战时,曾在即将得胜时主动撤军,因为他不愿炸掉黄河大桥。当时他写信给对方首领说,中国造一座大桥不容易,他舍不得炸毁。如若真要分胜负来个你死我活,他提议一对一决斗,免得死伤无辜。——后来国民党高层元老读到那封信也无不佩服其文采胆色。
他崇敬蒋介石,期望他成为专制的领袖,以为如此才可救中国。于是他东北易帜,率东北军入关结束了中原大战,其威其势,莫说其他军阀,蒋介石也是忌惮的。但他一心拥蒋,即便蒋先生在他失去故土之后让他去穷乡僻壤打红军,即便蒋先生在他两个师全灭之后不补充兵源不安抚其将士而是直接撤销了两师番号,即便他让戴笠经常走动时时监视。
张学良的回忆录里也说,他始终都没有想过要背叛蒋介石。他从南京到西安,三番五次地进谏抗日,不住地苦口婆心地劝说,据当时知情人回忆,到最后张学良是跪着哭着求蒋先生让他去抗日。堂堂少帅,竟为这两件事哭泣下跪,也算惊天地泣鬼神了。可惜电视剧没有那个情节,许是害怕损害胡军的血性形象。
那么照此发展,若其后没有西安事变,反而不像是少帅的作风。而事变之后他单身赴南京请罪,也在情理之中。
他送给蒋介石的挽联“关怀之殷,情同骨肉; 政见之争,宛若仇雠”便是把他一生矛盾地坚持的两件事,都写尽了。
只是他暮年之时对记者说的那句“我的人生到36岁就结束了”让人不免叹息。
死生契阔,与子成说。执子之手,与子偕老。
英雄与美人,便能成就一段风流传奇。何况是受争议的英雄,何况是真实的历史人物,何况是扑朔迷离的纠缠。
张学良的最爱至今仍是迷,因他说过他最爱并非赵四,而在美国。但其实,这些都无所谓,六十岁的大婚,执子之手与子偕老本身就是一个童话般美丽的传奇。
终其一生,或许最打动我的,是他的“情重”。对国,对家,对人,率性而情重。
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