如何确定英语作文写作时态【一】
反边际主义出现于20世纪30年代的英国和40年代的美国。批评的主要目标是新古典企业理论。而边际分析是新古典企业理论的核心。在该理论中，一般假定企业家是利润最大化者。反边际主义收到发现的启示：企业家在实践中并未采取基于边际主义的'价格和产出政策。以牛津研究团体和美国经济学家莱斯特对边际主义的批评为例：两者都是通过问卷调查，与企业家谈论的形式，得出了上述的经验发现，并用来作为对边际主义批判的工具。
对不确定性的分析和认识不仅是经典的一般均衡理论的基本内容，同时也是信息经济学、行为及实验经济学、制度经济学、演化经济学等新兴理论、以及现代金融理论、产业组织理论、企业理论、劳动经济学等学科的基本内容。不确定性的分析和认识不仅决定着经济学对现实的分析和解释力，同时也是经济学现代发展的一个极为重要的方向。
如何确定英语作文写作时态【二】
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先，提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段：提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段：正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段：摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次，提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性，连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity：段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛，也不可太具体，做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明，另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence：关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰，层层展开。
完整性(completeness：以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头，这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次，提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型：It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单，注意练习并接句的使用，会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as，如：
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头，句式简单，我们可以通过把since提前改变句式，如：
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后，提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法：millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论，辩论”的意思，而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.，相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略：使用最近所学的单词，如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后，我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文，以供参考：
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
如何确定英语作文写作时态【三】
有些材料不一定新鲜，但如果考生能别出心裁，从另一角度进行开拓，也能提出新的见解、新的观点。运用发散思维，能开拓思路，扩展视野；运用逆向思维，则能推陈出新。2010年高考语文安徽卷作文以诗“交流四水抱城斜，散作千溪遍万家。深处种菱浅种稻，不深不浅种荷花”为材料。可根据的后两句体现“因地制宜”的规律，联想到因人制宜、因事制宜、因文制宜，因国制宜，因楼制宜，因价制宜等。也可从水的角度构思，水抱城郭，深处可种菱，浅出可种稻，不深不浅处可种荷花，无水的岸边可住人家。水有上善之德，泰勒说：“水是万物本源。”水影响了整个生态和世界的变迁，由此还可以联想到一切作为本源的东西，如炎黄、风***、儒家文化圈等。还可从美的角度立意，本诗用明白简练的语言描绘了吴兴的美景，“美”是从阅读整诗的感受的角度提炼出来的哲理。马克思主义美学观认为“美是主客体的和谐统一”，即“和谐为美”。可以联想五官和谐之美、自然和谐之美、人际和谐之美、国家和谐之美、和谐世界理念。不和谐的是强拆、污染、贸易战争、世界霸权等。
五、通过事理，引申一步
同一个材料可从不同的角度引申事理，要在一般人的思路共集处的基础上，引申一步，提出更新更深的观点。如2010年高考语文上海卷作文材料是“丹麦人钓鱼”的故事和孟子关于捕鱼的论述，素材表达的核心思想是“可持续发展”。材料中的“鱼”可以是自然资源的借代，也可以是一切资源的借喻。那么，可持续的就不仅仅是自然界，还可以是人类自身，是孩子，是自我，是社会，甚至世界本身。材料中的丹麦人、孟子，尺子、渔网，小鱼、大鱼都可以成为构思角度。若从小鱼的角度构思，对渔网和人们心目中的尺寸做反思，呼吁给予它们成长的空间，以便发展、壮大，引申开来可以谈青少年的成长，呼吁给予青少年成长更宽松、自由的空间，谈创新产品的孵化，谈新型文化的命运等，更容易给人以启迪。再如2010年高考语文广东卷作文“与你为邻”，“你”，可以是身边的朋友、同学、同事、领导、孩子、同龄人、长辈等；可以是非身边的，历史上的、社会生活中与自己有一定距离的、文学艺术中的、未来时空中的人物，如苏轼、李清照、洪战辉、丛飞、保尔、林黛玉、甚至是火星人等等；还可以是一种主义、一种信仰、一种理想、一种信念、一种关系、一种意识等。可以从“与你为邻，让我学会了如何做事；与你为邻，让我懂得了如何做人”“与你为邻，说出真话。与你为邻，给出善意。与你为邻，找出美感”“寻找真邻；寻找善邻；寻找美邻”等方面立意。通过事理，做进一步联想，并引申发生开去、会从文题中提炼出好的观点。
如何确定英语作文写作时态【四】
Will是一个婚姻遭遇红灯，已收到老婆寄来的离婚协议书的普通男子，在那个可以接女儿一起生活一天的周二，他的心情随着舒缓的音乐而慢慢平静。故事因Will的小女儿Maya在学校上完性教育课后的一系列问题开始，Maya试图搞清楚父母之间到底发生了什么？她想提醒父亲挽回这即将破碎的家庭。而 Will则在Maya不厌其烦的追问下回忆起了过去许久的感情经历。三个不同类型的女人开始一次映入我们的眼帘。此时，本片更像一部爱情的悬疑剧。在欣赏着Will和Maya幽默风趣的对话之中，我们开始慢慢的了解Will，了解他的感情经历和内心最深处的爱情之火到底为谁在燃烧。
三个女主角风格迥异。Emily是温柔娴淑型；Summer则奔放性感；April最甜美可人。在与三人的关系和经历描述中穿插着Maya猜测谁是自己生母的悬疑线索，给原本平淡无奇的故事抹上了一层奇异的色彩，让人感觉新颖。而在结果揭晓之后仍然有转折出现，虽最终结局是众人皆知的happying，可给人感觉还是不落俗套。而故事中穿插着Will的个人奋斗历程和总统竞选的素材则更加充实了单调的爱情线路。影片整体风格轻松温馨，让看的人犹如在饮一杯香气四溢的香茶。影片还有一个很有意思的地方是让我更加深入的'了解了美国。比如Maya学校开设的性教育课。在我们还在高中生物课堂上略去生理知识一章节的时候，美国的学生们在小学就可以了解人的生理知识。在此我们不去探讨是对是错是好是坏，仅做感慨而已。
寻找真爱一直是爱情片最终极的主题，此片同样如此。本是俗套、毫无悬念的爱情故事在出色的剧本组织和适当的演员表演之下有了超凡脱俗的表现。并不是演员的演技有多出色，而是整体看来片中一男三女加阳光小美女的角色特质和演员气质的结合相当完美。也许，看完之后很多人会根据自己的经历而对号入座。也许，你的生命中也出现过几个截然不同的主角，也许你也曾迷茫过，也许，你不确定哪一个是你的那杯茶。Maya说，April就像是故事中永远是朋友的那个。可最终，永远的真爱在她那里找到了。爱情不是童话，真爱其实也是只要你相信便依然存在的东西。有时候真爱就在身边，也许就是那个被忽略的人，那份被忽略的感情……
如何确定英语作文写作时态【五】
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
如何确定英语作文写作时态【六】
有些材料不一定新鲜，但如果考生能别出心裁，从另一角度进行开拓，也能提出新的见解、新的观点。运用发散思维，能开拓思路，扩展视野；运用逆向思维，则能推陈出新。2010年高考语文安徽卷作文以诗“交流四水抱城斜，散作千溪遍万家。深处种菱浅种稻，不深不浅种荷花”为材料。可根据的后两句体现“因地制宜”的规律，联想到因人制宜、因事制宜、因文制宜，因国制宜，因楼制宜，因价制宜等。也可从水的角度构思，水抱城郭，深处可种菱，浅出可种稻，不深不浅处可种荷花，无水的岸边可住人家。水有上善之德，泰勒说：“水是万物本源。”水影响了整个生态和世界的变迁，由此还可以联想到一切作为本源的东西，如炎黄、风***、儒家文化圈等。还可从美的`角度立意，本诗用明白简练的语言描绘了吴兴的美景，“美”是从阅读整诗的感受的角度提炼出来的哲理。马克思主义美学观认为“美是主客体的和谐统一”，即“和谐为美”。可以联想五官和谐之美、自然和谐之美、人际和谐之美、国家和谐之美、和谐世界理念。不和谐的是强拆、污染、贸易战争、世界霸权等。
