常用的写作手法及作用:(对比、烘托、欲扬先抑、巧设悬念、以小见大、开宗明义、卒章显志、托物言志(即象征)、寓事于理、情景交融、夹叙夹议??)
(1)拟人手法:赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作,使物人格化,从而达到形象生动的效果。
(2)比喻手法:形象生动、简洁凝练地描写事物、讲解道理。
(3)夸张手法:突出人或事物的特征,揭示本质,给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象。
(4)象征手法(托物言志):把特定的意义寄托在所描写的事物上,表达了??的情感,增强了文章的表现力。
(5)对比手法:通过比较,突出事物的特点,更好地表现文章的主题。
(6)衬托(侧面烘托)手法:以次要的人或事物衬托主要的人或事物,突出主要的人或事物的特点、性格、思想、感情等。衬托,同类事物衬托是“正衬”,相反事物衬托是“反衬”;以次衬主。
(7)讽刺手法:运用比喻、夸张等手段和方法对人或事物进行揭露、批判和嘲笑,加强深刻性和批判性,使语言辛辣幽默。
(8)欲扬先抑:先贬抑再大力颂扬所描写的对象,上下文形成对比,突出所写的对象,收到出人意料的感人效果。
(9)前后照应(首尾呼应):使情节完整、结构严谨、中心突出。
17、修辞方法及作用:
答题套路:这篇文章运用了XX的修辞手法,如“??(某一段话)”;运用了“XX”的修辞手法,使(能)“??”(套修辞作用)
注意:在写作时一定要结合文章的具体内容来写,否则就会很空。
附:常见的几种修辞手法的表达作用
(1)比喻:形象生动、简洁凝练地描写事物、讲解道理,增强语言的生动性、形象性、化抽象为具体,使人易于理解。
(2)拟人:赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作,使物人格化,使之更形象,从而达到形象生动的效果。
(3)夸张:突出特征,揭示本质,给读者以鲜明而强烈的.印象。
(4)排比:条理清晰,节奏鲜明,增强语势,长于抒情,使语言更有表现力,更有气魄。
(5)对偶:使句式整齐,结构一致,形式优美,音韵和谐,互相映衬,互为补充。
(6)反复:强调某种意思,更能突出文章主题,观点鲜明。抒情强烈,富有感染力。
(7)设问:自问自答,引人注意,启发思考。
(8)反问:态度鲜明,加强语气,强烈抒情。
(9)引用:使内容更真实、准确、深刻、精密。
(10)反语:增加讽刺意味,使表达更深刻,更有力度。
(11)对比:形成强烈反差,加强读者的印象,突出文章的中心。
1。 It is considered /thought that人们(有人,大家)认为
2。 It is generally /usually accepted /agreed/recognized that普遍(一般,通常)认为
3。 It is believed that有人(人们,大家)相信
4。 It is well—known that大家知道(众所周知)
5。 It is said that据说(有人说)
6。 It is learned that据闻(悉)
7。 It is supposed that据推测
8。 It is estimated/predicted/calculated that据估计(预计)
9。 It must be pointed that必须指出
10。 It is reported that据报道
11。 It must be admitted that必须承认
12。 It will be seen that可见(可以看出)
13。 It will be seen from this that由此可见
14。 It is understood that不用说(都知道)
15。 It can not be denied that无可否认
16。 It has been proved/demonstrated that已经证明
17。 It may be confirmed that可以肯定
18。 It may be safely said that可以有把握地说
19。 It is sometimes asked that人们有时会问
20。 It is expected that/hoped that人们希望
21。 When it comes to要说到,要谈及
Dear all,
I am writing this letter to express my gratitude to my parents for teaching me to be positive and to be strong. “Educating the mind without educating the heart is no education at all.” is the opinion held by Aristotle. It is the experience of our forefathers, however, it is correct even today, including my parenting.
It is widely acknowledged that parenting, which can also be explained as family education, is of great significance in our character forming and manner acquiring. To be more detailed, setting good examples instead of just giving precepts is the greatest achievement of my parents. They not only taught me to think for the best and prepare for the worst; they taught me how. They not only told me the benefits of being strong in mind; they proved it. All those things require huge amount of time and work, but it’s worth it.
Without my parents’ contribution and education, I would never be who I am now. But most importantly, I would never be more gratitude to them than today.
Yours,
XXX
写作手法属于艺术表现手法(即:艺术手法和表现手法,也含表达手法(技巧,常见的有:夸张,对比,比喻,拟人,悬念,照应,联想,想象,抑扬结合、点面结合、动静结合、叙议结合、情景交融、衬托对比、伏笔照应、托物言志、白描细描、铺垫悬念、正面侧面比喻象征、借古讽今、卒章显志、承上启下、开门见山,烘托、渲染、动静相衬、虚实相生,实写与虚写,托物寓意、咏物抒情等。表达方式就是常见的叙述、描写、抒情、议论和说明。(其实也属于艺术表现手法。
比较法也是一种常见的论证方法,分对比与类比两种。
1.审清题意,理解所要写作的书信是何种类型,收信人是什么身份,应采用什么语气和格式来完成写作。
2.罗列词汇,根据提示,将可能用到的词汇、短语、句型搜集整理。
3.串句成篇,适当添加连接词和过渡词,必要时增加相关细节以使行文连贯。
4.检查润色。
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