TherearemanytraditionalartsinChina.AkiteisoneoftheChinesetraditionalarts.Akite
wasmadefirstinChina.ItwassaidthatthekitewasmadebyMoDifirst.Itismadeofsticks,
paperandplastic.Ithasdifferentcolors.Longlongago,kiteswereusedtosendmessages,but
nowkitesareusedforfun.Peoplelikeflyingkitesintheopenair.InChina,Weifangis
famousforthekites.Thekitefestivalisheldhereeveryyear.Kitesarepopularallover
2,请根据提示介绍你家乡的特产.(pancakes,wheat,flour,process,pack
Myhometownisknownforpancakes.Theyareverypopularnow.Ilikeeating.Theysmell
niceandtastedelicious.Theyaremadeofwheat.Somearemadeofrice.Wheatorriceissentto
theflourfactoryandprocessedintoflour.Thentheflourismadeintopancakeswithapanata
veryrightheat.Atlastthepancakesarepackedwithplasticbagsandsoldinthestoresand
supermarkets.It’ssaidthatpancakesweremadefirstbyZhugeLiang.Nowmanypeoplecan
makepancakesinShandong.Pancakesareusedformakingdifferentdeliciousfood.They
arespecialbecausetheyareeasytomakeandconvenienttotake.
Therearesomephotosonthewall.They’reverybeautiful.
Inthemiddleoftheroom,thereismybed.It’snotsobig,butit’svery
comfortable.Everynight,Ilayonthebedandhaveagooddream.Ontherightofthebed,thereismydeskandchair.They’reinfrontofthewindow.Mycomputerisonthedesk.Thereisalamponthedesk,too.Icandomyhomeworkhereandplaycomputergames.
Mybookshelfisontheleftofthebed.Therearealotofstorybooksandpicturebooksintheshelf.Ilikethemverymuch.
Noteveryonehasabedroom.I’mverylucky,becauseIhaveaverybeautifulbedroom.I’lltrymybesttokeepitcleanandtidy.
1.OurSchool
Ourschoolisinthewestofthecity.Itisverybigwithatallteachingbuilding.Therearethirtyclassrooms,amodernlibrary,adinninghallandagym.Thereisabigplaygroundwhereweoftenhavesports.Therearelotsoftreesandflowersbesidetheplayground.Therearemorethanfivehundredstudentsandteachersinourschoolandweallworkhard.Ourschoolissobeautifulthatwealllikeitverymuch.
2.Howdidyouspendyoursummervacation
Ihadabusyandinterestingsummervacation.IdidmyhomeworkeverydaysoIfinisheddoingmyhomeworktendaysbeforethenewterm.Ialsoplayedtabletennisandbasketballwithmyfriendseveryday.Isometimeswent
moviesandwenttotheparkswithmyfriends.Isurfedtheinternet,readbooksandwatchedTVeveryevening.Ivisitedmygrandparentsandhelpedthemwiththehousework,too.Ihelpedmyparentscleantheroomandcookmeals.ThemostimportantwasthatmyparentsandIwenttoHannanIslandandspentaweekthere.
3..AhappyDay
Itwassunnyandveryhottoday.Igotupearlyandhelpedmyparentscookbreakfast.ThenIwashedthedishesandcleanedtheroom.AfterashortrestIdidmyhomeworkinthemorning.IntheafternoonIwentswimminginthe
nearestswimmingpoolwithmyfriends.Itwasreallycooltoswiminsuchahotday.Isurfedtheinternetandreadastorybookintheevening.Ireallyhadabusyandhappyday.今天天气晴朗比较热。我起得很早,帮父母做早饭。然后我洗碗打扫屋子。休息一会后我上午做作业。下午我和朋友去我家最近的游泳池游泳。在如此炎热的夏天游泳的确很棒。晚上我上网、看故事书。我今天很忙过得很快乐。
4.给笔友的一封信
DearLucy
Iamverygladtohearfromyou.Nowletmeintroducemyselftoyou.MynameisLiLei.Iamelevenyearsold.Iamtallwithapairofglasses.NowIam
studyingatYuyingPrimarySchool.IaminClassOne,Grade5.Ilikesingingandplayingthepianoverymuch.IamgoodatEnglishandChinese.很高兴收到你的来信。现在让我介绍我自己。我叫李雷。11岁。我高个子、带眼镜。我在育英小学。我在五年级一班。我非常喜欢唱歌和弹钢琴。我数学和语文学得都很好。
6。暑假打算
Iwillhaveabusysummervacation.Iamgoingtodomyhomeworkeveryday.Iamgoingtothelibrarytoborrowsomebooksandgototheshopstobuysomebooks.Iamgoingtodosportssuchasplayingtabletennis,swimmingandsoon.Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparentsandstaythereforaweek.Iamgoingtohelpmyparentsdosomehousework.我暑假会很忙。我每天要写作业。我打算去图书馆去借书、去商店买书。我要做运动,如:打乒乓球、游泳等。我要去看爷爷奶奶并在那住一周。我要帮父母做家务。
7.自我介绍
Hello,everyone.MynameisKelly.Iamfriendlyandhonest.IamgoodatEnglishandmaths.Ilikesurfingtheinternet,playingcomputergames,watchingTVandtraveling.IalsolikeplayingtabletennisandIamgoodatit,too.Ioftenplaytabletenniswithmyfriendsonweekends.AndIwanttobeafamoustabletennisplayerwhenIgrowup.WhatIlikemostistoseethe
seagullsflyingfreelyintheskysoIoftengototheseainsummer.MyfavouritecolouriswhitebecauseIthinkwhiteissymbolizepurity.大家好我的名字叫KELLY.我很友好、诚实。我擅长英语和数学。我爱上网、玩电脑网络游戏、看电视和旅游。我也喜欢打乒乓球。我经常和朋友们在周末打乒乓球,长大了我想当一个乒乓球运动员。最喜欢在海边看着海鸥自由自在的飞翔,因此在夏天我经常去海边。白色是我的最爱。因为我觉得白色是纯洁的象征。
8.海南之旅
wenttoHainanIslandwithmyparentsforaholidyandwestayedthereforaweek.IttookusonlymorethanthreehourstogettoHaikouairport.Weenjoyedthewarmsunshineandthesoftwind.Wewalkedonthebeachandpickedupthebeautifulshells.Wealsosufedonthewavesanditwasreallyexciting.Weplayedballgamesonthebeachaswell.IbelievedHainanwasreallyanattractivecitywithfamousbeachandmountains.WereallyenjoyedthebeautifulsceneryofHainan.
9.AniceSunday
ItisSundayanditisafinedaytoday.WecometothePeopleParkwithourEnglishteacherwhocamefromCanada.Look!Tomandotherfiveboysareplayingfootball.Cinaandsomegirlstudentsareflyingkites.AliceandIaretakingphotosnearthepark.Aliceandweareveryhappy.AlicehelpsusalotwithourEnglish.
今天是星期天,天气晴朗。我们和来自Canada的英语老师Alice来到人民公园。瞧,Tom和五个男同学在踢球;Cina和一些女同学在放风筝;我和Alice正在公园附近拍照。Alice和我们都非常高兴。Alice在英语方面帮助了我们很多。
10.Thismorning,Iwokeupwithastart:myclockwasalarming.Unwillinglyopenedmyeyes,Ifounditwas6:30already.Nevertheless,theroomwasverygloomy,foritwasrainingoutside.Whatacoldday!HowcomfortableitwouldbeifIcouldstayinbedforthewholeday,readingafavouritebookinthe
soundofrain.But,Ididhavetogotowork.Thoughitwasarushhour,ontheway,therewerefewerpeoplethanusual.Manypeoplearduouslyheldanumbrellawhichwasalwaysblowndownbyablastofwind.Fortunately,Iwasdressedinaraincoat.Severalyardsaway,apolicemanwasguidingthetrafficintherain.Iwasfilledwithdeepesteemforhisseriousness.Ikeptthinkingoftoday'splanforashortwhileand,then,Iwasinmyoffice.Abusydayisbeginning……
Park
Thereisaparknearmyhome.Therearealotofbeautifultrees,flowersandbirdsinthepark.Somanypeoplegototheparktoenjoytheirweekends.Theylikewalkingorhavingapicnicinthepark.ButIlikeflyingakitewithmysisiterthere.我家附近有一个公园。那里有很多美丽的树、花和小鸟。所以很多人都喜欢到那里去度周末。他们喜欢在公园里散步或是野餐.但是我喜欢和我姐姐在那里放风筝。
Bedroom
Ihaveasmallbedroom.Thereareonlyasmallbed,asmalldeskandasmallchairintheroom.Andthereisabeautifuldollonmybluebed.EverydayIdomyhomework,readbooksandplaygameswiththedollinmybedroom.Itissmall,butitgivesmemuchhappiness.我有一间小小的卧室。那里有一张小小的床、小小桌子和一把小小的椅子。而且还有一个漂亮的娃娃在我那张蓝色的小床上。我每天都在房间里写作业,看书和与我的娃娃玩。虽然房间很小,但是他给了我很多欢乐。
Myfather
Myfatherisatallandhandsomeman.Heisapoliceman.Everydayhecomesbackhomeverylate,becausehemusthelptheothers.Hedoesn'thavetimetoexaminemyhomeworkandtakemetothepark.ButIlikemyfather,becauseheisagoodpoliceman.我的爸爸是一个高大帅气的男人。他是一个警察。他每天都很晚才回家,因为他要帮助其他的人。他没有时间给我检查作业和带我去公园。但是我仍然很喜欢我的`爸爸,因为他是一个好警察。
IamfromShenZhen.Inspring,theweatheriswarmandwet.Icanplaykite.Insummer,theweatherishotandwet.Icanswimintheswimmingpool.Intheautumn,theweatheriscoolanddry.Icanplaykite,too.Inthewinter,theweatheriscoldanddry.Itneversnow.
我是来自深圳。在春天,在天气温暖及潮湿。我可以玩风筝。在夏季,天气炎热及潮湿。我可以游泳,在游泳池。在秋天,天气凉爽,干燥。我可以玩风筝,太。在冬季,天气寒冷及干燥。它从来没有积雪。
Todayismygrandpa'sbirthday.Ourfamilywentbacktomygrandpa'shomeinthemorning.Wegottogethertohaveabigfamilydinnertocelebratehisbirthady.Weboughtabigbirthdaycakeandgavesomepresentstomygrandpa.
Intheafternoon,wewenttotheparktogoboating.Wehadagoodtime.Mygrandpahadanicetimeonhisbirthday.
今天是爷爷的生日,我们全家早晨回到爷爷家。我们举行了大型家庭聚会来庆祝爷爷的生日。我们买了一个大生日蛋糕,并且送给爷爷一些礼物。
下午我们去公园划船。我们玩得很开心,爷爷过了一个愉快的生日
Mr.Knottisateacher.Heisathome.Thetelephonerings.Heanswersthephone.Hesays,“Hello.Thisis82654379.Who'sthat?”“Watt”amananswers.“watt'syourname,please?”saysMr.Knottisangry.“Watt'smyname!”theothermanisangey,too.
knott先生是一名教师。他是在家中。电话响了。他回答接起电话,说,“你好,这是82654379。你是谁?”“瓦特”一个男人答道。“请问你的名字是什么?”knott先生生气地说。“瓦特就是我的名字!”另一名男子是也生气了。
Afarmerhasfivesons.TheyareTed,Bob,Tom,JohnandBill.Johnhasnoelderbrother.Hewasfouryearsolderwhenhisfirstyoungerbrotherwasborn.ThenumberofTom‘selderbrothersisequaltohisyoungerbrothers.Billwillbetwenty-oneyearsoldnextyear,andheisfiveyearsolderthanBob.BobistwoyearsyoungerthanTom.Tedwassadbecausehehasnoyoungerbrother.TherearetwelveyearsbetweenhimandJohn.一个农民有5个儿子。他们是Ted,Bob,Tom,John和Bill。John没有比他大的哥哥,他比第一个出生的比他小的那个弟弟大4岁,Tom哥哥的数量和他的弟弟的数量是一样的(就是他是老三)Bill明年就21岁了,他比Bob大5岁,比Tom小2岁,Ted因为没有弟弟而难过Ted和John之间差了12岁
Everythinginthisworldhasanatureofitsown.Somearecharming,someareseducing,likethecandy,chocolate,thecakes,andsomeburneverythinglikefire,assoonasyougetnear.
天地万物各有其本质,有些东西很有吸引力、很诱人,像糖果、巧克力、蛋糕等;有些则像火一样,任何东西一靠近就会被它烧掉。
OnMyWaytoSchool
TodayIgotupveryearlyinthemorning.AfterIfinishedbreakfast,Iwenttoschool.OnmywaytoschoolIsawsomethinglyingontheground.
Ipickeditupandfounditwasamobilephone.IwasafraidIwouldbelateforschool.Ihadnotimetowaitfortheowner.SoIgaveittothepoliceman.
ShortlyafterIreachedmyschool,theheadmastercametomyclassandpraisedmeinfrontoftheclass.Howcouldheknewallaboutit?IguessitmustbethepolicemanwhotoldhimwhatIdid.
IamveryhappythatIhavedoneagoodjob.
就我在上学的路上
今天,我得到了很早就在上午。当我完成早餐,我去了学校。就我在上学的路上我看到的东西躺在地上。我挑选它,并发现这是一部手提电话。我恐怕我会迟到的学校。我没有时间去等待的所有者。因此,我给它的警察。
不久后,我达到了我的学校,校长来到我的班级,并赞扬我在前面的阶级。他怎么会知道的所有关于它呢?我猜想,它必须是警察谁告诉他,我所做的。我很高兴我已经做得不错。
Chinahasbeenapowerfulcountryforthemostpartofthepastthreethousandyears.Chinaisnowrisingagain.Whyisthatsosurprisingtopeople?Historyisthebestevidence.TheriseofChinaisjustamatterofwhen,notif.Plus,doyouwant$100jeans?Doyouwant$200shoes?Doyouwant$3000computers?IftheanswersareNO,you'dbetterthankChinaandappreciatethebenefitsthatitbringstoyourdailylife.
中国在过去3000年历史中大部分时间当中都是个强大的国家。中国现在再次崛起,为什么人们会感到如此奇怪?历史是最好的证明。中国崛起只是个时间问题,而不是是否能崛起的问题。另外,你希望卖100美元一条的牛仔裤,200美元一双鞋,3000美元的电脑吗?如果不愿意,你必须要感谢中国,感谢中国为你日常生活做出的贡献。
(一,介绍你SpringFestival.
TherearemanytraditionalfestivalsinChina.MyfavoritefestivalistheSpringFestival.It
comesinJanuaryorFebruary.TheSpringFestivalisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsin
China.BeforetheSpringFestivalpeopleoftenpreparesomethingnewanddeliciousfood.On
theeveoftheSpringFestival,peopleoftengettogethertohaveabigdinner.Chicken,fishand
dumplingsarespecialfood.DuringtheSpringFestival,familyoftengotovisittheirrelatives
andfriends.Childrencangetmuchluckymoney.IliketheSpringFestivalbecauseIcanspenda
lotofhappytimewithmyfamily.
(二介绍中秋节
TherearemanytraditionalfestivalsinChina.IliketheMid-autumnFestivalbest.It’sone
ofthemostimportantfestivalsinChina.ItcomesonlunarAugust15th.Familyoftengettogether
forthefestival.OntheMid-autumnnightfamilyhaveabigdinner,thentheyenjoythefull
moonandsharethedeliciousmooncakeswiththeirfamily.Themooncakescarrypeople’sbest
wishestothefamilytheloveandmiss.IlikethisfestivalbecauseIcanspendahappytimewith
myfamily.
语文教育家叶圣陶说,就是说话。其中有两层意思:其一,要有话说;其二,话要好好说。这儿只谈谈后者。如何说话才算好呢?能激活读者大脑的话便是好话。如何激活读者的大脑呢?回答这个问题之前,我们有必要想想读者的大脑究竟喜欢什么、需要什么。即是说,我们首先要研究读者语言解读背后的生命状态。
笔者以为读者的生命状态主要体现在四方面,简述如下:
其一,大脑机能自主化。心理学中信息加工理论告诉我们,人的大脑及感官的运行流程分三步:接受刺激、进行加工、传导兴奋。因此,大脑工作的状态是积极的、自主化的。如果输入大脑的信息简单或陈旧,大脑便很难获得自主加工的快感,甚至陷入疲惫。看一遍《天鹅湖》,大脑获得快感,但看三百遍,大脑便只能进入消极的抑制状态。因此,好的语言总是留给大脑自主加工的空间。《红楼梦》(48回中香菱说“日落江湖白,潮来天地青”(王维诗,“白”“青”两字“念在嘴里倒像有几千斤重的一个橄榄”,可见这两字所留下的加工空间!“这个女孩长得一点不漂亮”自然就不如“这个女孩长得一点不沉鱼落雁、闭月羞花”。因为后者需要大脑对“沉鱼落雁、闭月羞花”进行加工才能获得“不漂亮”这一信息。而这一加工过程给了大脑快感,因为满足了大脑“机能自主化原则”。“峨嵋山月半轮秋”较“峨嵋山秋月半轮”有诗意,也正在于语序的倒错而使大脑有了自主加工的快感。
其二,信息刺激陌生化。这是“大脑机能自主化”的延伸。陌生的信息输入大脑,大脑进行的“自主化”加工就更富有挑战性,自然也就更易获得快感。因此,我们的文字应给读者大脑输入新鲜信息,第一个以花喻女儿的,是天才,第二个则是庸才,第三个只是蠢才;诗词中同是说“山”,便有“青山”“碧峰”“翠峦”“黛岫”……诸语,说“夕阳”,便有“落日”“晚照”“夕照”“夕曛”“斜阳”“余晖”“残照”“残阳”……诸语,这并非***人墨客游戏文字,而是自发地运用了“信息刺激陌生化”这一原则。
其三,思维模式立体化。中国人的思维不同于西方人,西方人长于流线型的逻辑思维,而中国人更喜欢立体化的形象思维。《周易.系辞上》中有这样一句话:“书不尽言,言不尽意……圣人立象以尽意。”“立象以尽意”正是我国浩瀚诗文基本的“立体化”思维模式的最好概括。诗言志,而志不直言,巧借“象”言之。马致远想说羁旅之苦,便列举“枯藤”“老树”“昏鸦”“小桥”“流水”“人家”“古道”“西风”“瘦马”等象助其言之;读者借助“断肠人在天涯”一句的提示,去感受这些象,自然心有戚戚,感同身受了。文载道,而道不直说,常借比喻或寓言言之。诸子百家文,无不如此。一部《庄子》,寓言(含喻就占十之八九。先秦而下,《诗经》,汉赋,唐宋华章……《围城》……亦无不如此。又如“鹰鼻”的表现力自然强于“勾鼻”,“鹅卵石”也强过“垒石”。“春风又绿江南岸”中,一个“绿”字,以形象的“色”激活大脑,使满脑里皆是光鲜春色,又恍若眼前,尽得风流;而将“到”“满”……易“绿”字,大脑便只能知道江南皆春而无余韵,正如囫囵吞枣,知枣而无枣味,因为思维没有获得“立体化”的满足。
其四,认知选择情感化。个人在物质的及社会的环境里,选择对象形成认知。在认知过程中,个人重视的首先是符合其***、情绪的对象。因此,读者更愿意接受情感化的主观性语言。“绿色的邮筒孤独地站在街的对面”的表现力自然强于“绿色的邮筒立在街的对面”。“云破月来花弄影”中,“弄”较“摇”好,原因在着一“弄”字,花不复花,影不复影,花影皆性情中人也。
当然,这四方面并不是割裂分立的,相反,它们是浑沌的、整体的、综合的,相互包容而化为一种生命状态。
我们的文字正需要“迎合”读者的这一生命状态。如何“迎合”呢?作者应具有同读者一样的生命状态!写作与阅读不就是两种生命状态的交流、碰撞、沟通吗?而作品不就是这两种生命状态相遇的“场”吗?也就是说,作者只有激活自己的生命状态,并在这种状态下创作出作品,这作品才能去激活读者的生命状态。
© 2022 xuexicn.net,All Rights Reserved.