Study is our student's personality.But many students will ask, why we must learn knowledge. Is knowledge so important to us?If we don't need to pass the exam, should we still need the knowledge?
As I am concerned, study is not only a personality of students, but also a personality of all people throughout their lives.People need to learn the knowledge whoever they are.If people don't learn knowledge, there will have no way to do things and become ignorant about world.Can you imagine a world that no people have knowledge?Leaving knowledge,the world would no get progress.If people don't learn knowledge, there will be no people to know how to use the computer ,how to write the news, even how to communicate with others.
So learning knowledge is a very important thing, it consists of our world.
作者写中式英语之鉴是为了纠正一些中国人运用英语时错误的不地道的表达,那么首先要回答的问题是什么是正宗的英语。
在这本书中所倡导的正宗的英语无疑指的是简明英语,特点是”direct, simple and clear”.下面是简明英语的起源(摘自百度)。
“简明英语是由查尔斯·凯·奥格登发明的只有少量单词的英语,他的书简明英语--规则和 语法的.一般约定里对此有所描述。
奥格登说过:学习英语要七年,学习世界语要七个月,而学习简明英语只要七周。简明英语用于公司在国际上使用的书籍,短期内对学生进行基本英语教学。
奥格登不使用重复意义的单词,而且需要所有国家都适用这些单词。他利用大规模的测试和调整来得到这些词汇。在语法方面,他也做了简化,但是保留了英语通常的用法。”
在后面的发展中,简明英语在商务英语和法律英语上有了长足发展。简明英语无疑很适合用在商业上;而法律英语为了保证条款的确定性和权威性,一般冗长复杂,如一个含义要用两个甚至三个同义词来表示,在现在重视效率的社会渐渐向简明方向发展不足为奇。
但是这里我们要清楚一个语言是在不断成长和变化的,中古英语和现代英语自然是有诸多不同,而且每个人的风格也不同。在我看来简明英语的诸多规则只能算作是一种风格,一种在近代社会被提倡的风格。而我们在翻译或者写作时应依具体文本的需求和受众的需求适用不同的风格,而不是倡导每种文本都用一个风格。口语和书面语明显不同,书面语中,用途不同时风格也应做相应的改变。比如文学和非文学就有很多区别,文学讲究陌生化,要得就是一种朦胧的,”transparent”的感觉,才能让自己的文字更引人遐想有更多解释空间,而非文学为了交流方便,自然不会太晦涩难懂。非文学中又可以分很多类,商务性文本、法律性文本、政治性文本。比如政治性文本,你的翻译是为了让英语国家的人明白,就要模仿英语国家中的政治性文本的写法。但翻译这种文本的一个困境是:译者害怕丢失一个词就丢失了一个意义,不敢随意添加修改,所以偏向直译。其实也是很无奈。
一个语言中什么说法能不能用要取决于大多数人是怎么说的,因为你的目的是让大多数受众明白。比如clinch现在虽然被认为是不符合语法,但有些时代中因为大家都这么说,所以当时是可以接受的。所以这种情况下,”non native speaker” 就很吃亏,因为没有大环境让你了解其他人都在怎么说。
我认为在这里,中式英语中最应该摒弃的无疑是you can you up这类说法。当然这个是有点太low了,相信有点英文素养的人都不会犯。接下来要摒弃的就是不常见说法,也就是本书中part one所强调要纠正的。然后对于part two中少用名词多用动词、少用被动多用主动这类型风格类的倾向,我认为就要依文本需求和受众需求来定了,如果一个文本十分正式,翻译的很直白自然也是不合适的。
译文:今天,我在淘宝网看到很美味的草莓。我第一时间跟我自己最爱的人分享了。他很喜欢。可是他没有吃过这种草莓。这种草莓的'味道是牛奶味的。他觉得这很奇怪。所以他想尝尝这种草莓。而且价格也不昂贵,还有5元的红包。我觉得很值得。所以,我打算给他买一箱的草莓。一共是5斤的草莓。我想他收到的时候一定会很开心吧。一定会感觉到很幸福,很惊喜吧!我觉得,花费一点点的钱就可以给自己最爱的人一个惊喜,这是很美好的事情。不过,草莓一定要尽快的吃完。5斤的草莓一共是100个左右,要看草莓的大小和它的重量。草莓是易腐蚀的食品,所以要放进冰箱里。但是在冰箱里的草莓也不能保存很长一段时间。
Why students can't help wearing expensive things which are famous brands?
The reason why they prefer to wear expensive clothes is just for face. Some students thought the more expensive they wear, the more confident they are. Only wearing brand clothes can they become proud. Some students are afraid to looked down if they don't wear brands things. It is easy for students to compare what they wear.
As far as I am concerned, I don't agree that students pursue famous brand. Most students can't earn money by themselves. We can't waste the money to buy expensive things which are not useful. It is hard for parents to make money. Remember, the main task of the students is to study.
Life has its ups and downs, and only true friends always stay around. Like anyone else, I have got many friends. They often help me when I’m in trouble. Especially, when I fail in an examination, they always care for me and encourage me to study harder. Last year, when I was hurt in a basketball game, my friends took me to the nearby hospital at once and look after me by turns. In my eyes, friends are the most precious wealth that one should treasure all his life.
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