“形容词短语”省略的理由和方式,与“分词短语”作后置定语一样。当它们不是句中的重点信息,就可以去掉关系代词和be动词。形容词作后置定语同定语从句一样,可以分为“限制性”和“非限制性”。
例1:I bought this comic book hot off the press. 我买了这本刚刚出版的漫画书。
例2:She is a kind lady, ready to help others. 她是一个善良的女人, 总是帮助别人。
例3:Companies large and small the world over have been developing their own “corporate universities”. 全世界大大小小的公司都一直在办自己的“公司大学”。
1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that they would help us through the whole work.
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示“是否”。在whether … or not结构中不能用if替换。例句:I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
当which引导的定语从句指代主句全部内容时,可以把which改为it,作形式主语,把原来的主句改成正在主语。或者把定语从句的整个信息改换为名词短语作主语,使原来的定语从句变成简单句。
例4: He indulges himself all day in computer games, which makes his parents extremely sad.
改为:It makes his parents extremely sad that he indulges himself all day in computer games.
他整天沉湎于电脑游戏,这使他父母伤心至极。(主语从句
或者:His indulgence in computer games all day makes his parents extremely sad. (名词短语
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