医疗卫生事业的发展使得人口出生率和成活率迅速提高,死亡率大幅度下降,引起全球人口急剧增长。
世界人口递增的时间越来越短。工业革命时期1800年到1839年,世界人口由10亿增加到20亿,到1960年为30亿,1975年为40亿,1987年7月为50亿。发展中国家占世界人口比重由50年代的66,8%上升到80年代的74,9%。至20xx年全球人口增加到61亿,其中85%的增加大多集中在亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲。
而在未来的30年中,人口增加率将会减缓,到20xx年时,世界人口的总数将为80亿。人口增长率将达到历史性的低点。
从文化教育程度看,目前,全球有9,6亿文盲,其中1,3亿儿童。发达国家许多成绩优秀的高中毕业生不愿选择理工等相对艰苦的专业,使得在培养艰苦岗位上所需合格人才陷于困境。发展中国家无力培养更多的人才,而人才从发展中国家向发达国家的流失更加剧了发展中国家的人才危机。以印度为例,到1990年为止,在外谋生的科学家和熟练技术人员达41万,到20xx年达54万。
从健康的.角度看人口素质,许多疑难病、奇特病的增加表明人口素质的下降。如艾滋病、变异链球菌、奥罗凯病毒、登革热病毒、非典病毒等,正以惊人的速度吞噬人类的生命。
发达国家的人口问题:人口总规模萎缩,人口老龄化。1991年,瑞典老人比重18%,英国16%,日本12%。造成的问题:①社会经济负担加重②劳动力老龄化③生产率低④社会问题多。
发展中国家的人口问题:农业人口多,出生率高,“越穷越生,越生越穷”恶性循环。引发的社会问题是,①贫穷与饥饿②失业③奇型城市化,其后果是失业加剧,人口分布奇型,出现大量工棚区。
上周,我妈妈要去看望我爷爷奶奶两天,所以她让我一个人呆在家里照顾好自己。我很高兴并答应她会照顾好一切的。我终于可以独自生活了。因此,我睡得很晚,也玩了很长时间的电脑游戏,饿的`时候,我就点外卖。妈妈回来的时候,她非常的惊讶,因为房子乱七八糟。我知道我不能照顾好自己。
Long, long ago, there were two brothers, the one rich and the other poor. When Christmas Eve came, the poor one had not a bite in the house, either of meat or bread; so he went to his brother, and begged him, in God's name, to give him something for Christmas Day. It was by no means the first time that the brother had been forced to give something to him, and he was not better pleased at being asked now than he generally was.
"If you will do what I ask you, you shall have a whole ham," said he. The poor one immediately thanked him, and promised this.
"Well, here is the ham, and now you must go straight to Dead Man's Hall," said the rich brother, throwing the ham to him.
"Well, I will do what I have promised," said the other, and he took the ham and set off. He went on and on for the livelong day, and at nightfall he came to a place where there was a bright light.
"I have no doubt this is the place," thought the man with the ham.
An old man with a long white beard was standing in the outhouse, chopping Yule logs.
"Good-evening," said the man with the ham.
"Good-evening to you. Where are you going at this late hour?" said the man.
"I am going to Dead Man's Hall, if only I am on the right track," answered the poor man.
"Oh! yes, you are right enough, for it is here," said the old man. "When you get inside they will all want to buy your ham, for they don't get much meat to eat there; but you must not sell it unless you can get the hand-mill which stands behind the door for it. When you come out again I will teach you how to stop the hand-mill, which is useful for almost everything."
So the man with the ham thanked the other for his good advice, and rapped at the door.
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