[课堂教学设计特色] 图文结合,体味古诗内容;文题勾联,感悟诗人情感。
[课堂教学流程实录及设计意图]
检查预习导入
生背诵《观书有感》
(古诗琅琅上口的节奏,简练的文体易于学生背诵,学生上课前大多已会背诵。)
师:光会背还不行,能默写吗?
生:能!
师:还要做一些准备工作吗?
生:翻开课本,看字词。
师:谈一谈有没有要注意的字词?
师生重点交流“鉴”、“徘徊”、“渠”等字词。以“渠”字为例:师:这是上下结构的字,如何在书写上突出“上下结构”呢?生:将“木”的一横写长些。
(字的教学应引导学生把握关键部位,既利于识记字型,又利于正确布局书写。)
生默写并自查
师出示诗句:半亩方塘一鉴开,(重点指导“一鉴开”)
师:“半亩方塘”好理解,“一鉴开”怎么理解呀?谁来帮帮我?要是“一剑开”我肯定知道是指诗人一剑把半亩方塘里的水给劈开了。可这儿用了这个“鉴”字,哎!(师作焦虑状)
生:老师“鉴”是镜子的意思。
师:噢,有这个意思?你怎么知道的,说出理由来听听?
生:我知道的。
师:你真行!会用工具书帮助学习了。据老师了解“鉴”在2000年版本的《现代汉语词典》里有5种意思,你怎么一眼就选中了“镜子”?生不语
(引导学生知其然而且知其所以然犹为重要,这将有效培养学生主动探究并获取知识的能力。)
师:再读一下这句。生读后师:读出什么来了吗?
生1:我觉得“鉴”在这句话中应理解为“镜子”。师:你的“这句话”说得好,你会联系句子理解字词了。)
生续说:我看了文中的插图水面比较平静,半亩方塘水平如镜所以“鉴”在这儿应该理解为“镜子”的意思。
师:你不仅能联系句子还能图文结合思考,谢谢你帮我解决了第一个“拦路虎”。可“开”字你们理解吗?
生:当“打开“讲
师:这个老师知道,我是向那位同学学来的(手指先前的同学)
老师课前查过资料了,古代的铜镜有镜袱盖着,用时打开。现在明白这句话的意思吗?生试说
指一生说:半亩方方的池塘像一面打开的镜子。
(查阅工具书,主动收集资料是高年级学生应养成的一种学习习惯。)
师出示:天光云影共徘徊
师:我们经常用镜子照美丽的小脸蛋,诗人说池塘像一面镜子,那此时谁在照呢?
生:天光和云影
师:他们一边照还一边徘徊呢!什么叫“徘徊”?(强调双人旁)
生:来回移动
师:能否说成“晃动”?
生:不行,用“晃动”说明方塘里的风太大了。
师:你怎么知道当时风不大呀?
生:上句说池塘像镜子吗?
师:噢!这就叫联系上文呀!
(古诗教学应培养学生学会图文结合,联系上下句理解感悟,这是一种阅读能力。)
师:天光哥和云影妹在半亩方塘里手拉手散步,心情怎样?
生:好高兴呀!
师:你怎么知道?出示:问渠哪得清如许?
生:这句中说池塘水很清
师:“渠”不是“渠道”吗?你怎么说是池塘呢?
生:上句写诗人看到半亩方塘水清,所以在问的呀,显然“渠”指的就是方塘
师:诗人问什么呀?
生:诗人在问池塘里的水怎么会如此清澈呢?
师:问得好,看来诗人挺会动脑筋的,既然是问话,别忘了问号呦?那么诗人有没有得到答案呢?
(大多古诗都是逗号句号,此处问号有必要作一强调。)
出示:为有源头活水来
生齐读
师:你知道为什么池塘里的水如此清澈吗?
生:因为有源源不断的活水流进来的。
师:如果没有活水呢?
生1:水面就不会那么清澈了。
生2:池塘就会变成死水一潭。
生3:水还会被污染。
生4:天光云影也徘徊不起来。
生5:诗人更不会喜欢这半亩方塘了。
(在尊重文本的基础上让学生展开合理大胆的想象。)
师:是呀!诗人看到这半亩方塘虽然小了些,但因为有活水不断流进,水如此清澈,怎能不喜欢呢?老师曾看到过一个小池塘,里面漂满了污物,夏天还有浓浓的臭味,要是诗人看到这样一个池塘,又会写出什么诗来呢?
生思考后急切地动起笔来。
师选择一生习作,投影出示
观塘有感
陈桥
半亩方塘不见开,
一片污物在徘徊。
问渠哪得脏如许?
为有世人乱扔来。
指小作者朗读,该生一脸愤怒状
师:你好生气呀!我知道你是要世人保护好水源是吗?
(联系生活情景,注重学生情感体验,并适时让学生学诗练笔。)
出示《观塘有感》于前面依次呈现的四句诗前。
众生:不对!不对!是《观书有感》!
师:细看课本,作迷惑状,知道老师想什么吗?
生:老师肯定想:诗的内容明明写的是诗人观塘的感受,怎么又以《观书有感》为题呢?
师:你跟老师想到一起了,难怪这么肯定。可老师想不通呀?你们再帮帮我,好吗?
引导学生观看插图
生:诗人手中抓着书,身旁还有一些厚厚的`书,我想诗人肯定很爱学习。
师:是啊!出示关于诗人的资料。着重强调“南宋著名理学家、教育家。他的诗能用鲜明的形象把抽象的东西具体化。有的诗寓意含蓄,具有哲理性。
师:读了关于诗人的介绍,能帮我回答问题了吗?
生举手欲答,师:再想想好吗?
情景辅助理解:师手拿书本,黑板上出示半亩方塘的简笔画,眼光从书本移向方塘并吟诵《观书有感》,忽然师似有所悟。眼光从池塘回到书本,并出示:
方塘如此清澈,是因为有源源不断的活水流进呀!我要想变得英明有远见,看来要——————————————。
生思考填空
生1:要源源不断读书,获取新知识才行。
生2:不能满足现有的知识,所谓“少壮工夫老始成”,要活到老学到老。
生3:不断学习,永不满足,才能适应瞬息万变的社会。
师:你们终于到了诗人当时的感受。这种感受还是对池塘吗?
众生:不是,不是!诗人写这首诗的主要目的是用半亩方塘来比喻自己读书的感受。
师:诗人和我们都明白了读书的道理。
出示:半亩方塘就像——————————————。
源源不断的活水就像——————————————。
生一一作答
师:你们读懂了诗的内容,有没有读懂诗人呢?手指关于诗人的介绍材料,想对他说什么吗?
生1:谢谢您,朱大师,您让我明白了人应该不断学习,才能使自己更聪明。
生2:朱熹啊!您真是个善于观察,勤于思考的人呀!
生3:朱熹啊!您不愧是一个大理学家,一个池塘也能让您想到读书的道理。
生4:您的题目真含蓄呀,让我们想了好半天才明白呢!
生5:我一定要向您学习,不断获取新的知识,充实自己!
(入情入境入理,明理悟道导行,跨越时空的交流,使学生真正走进诗人。)
暑假快结束了,妈妈爸爸最后一次带我到外面玩。爸爸带我和妈妈到一个神仙住的地方——神仙居玩。
山脚下有一条清澈的小溪,我们下去洗洗手和脚,凉快凉快。往里面走,来到了“情侣林”,爸爸问我知不知道为什么取这个名?我摇摇头。妈妈急忙跑过去指着那些树,爸爸说道:“是呀,你看这些树长得有什么特别的地方吗?”哦,原来都是两颗连在一起,并排站着,就像一对小情侣。妈妈喊道:“我的小情侣,快来合影。”我知道妈妈在喊我,我才不去呢。
再往里走,我看见了一些用木头做的好玩的东西。有独木桥、秋千……我连忙爬上独木桥,可一不小心掉了下来。没想到,这回妈妈也跟我玩了起来,可是妈妈毕竟是妈妈,她好像很有经验似的,一步一个脚印,非常平稳,没多久就走完了,还转身向我做了个胜利的姿势。我才不服输呢,我再来一次,我可吸取了上回的教训,也找到了妈妈的方法,这回我也胜利了。爸爸一直催,所以我只能离开这个好玩的地方了。
我们一路走来,发现了很多奇形怪状的岩石,有:“将军石”、“睡美人”、“蛇戏象”……真的是太多了,我都记不清了。
一路上,我们看着、说着、笑着,不知不觉回到了索道站,坐上缆车,我们就下山了。
这是多么快乐的一天啊!
2、两个人最好是不要在一起,也不要不在一起。
3、很多人,因为寂寞而错爱了一人,但更多的人,因为错爱一人,而寂寞一生
4、想念只是一种仪式,真正的记忆与生俱来。
5、我唯一的信仰就是能牵着你的手一直走下去,走到尽头再看到底错到哪里。
6、谁寂寞了繁华,埋葬了天涯,散尽一身的`戎甲。
7、也许一个人要走很长的路,经历过生命中无数突如其来的繁华和苍凉才会变的成熟。
8、既然忘不了,就刻骨铭心的记着
9、时间会让你了解爱情,时间能够证明爱情,也能够把爱推翻。
10、如果我们能真正地举重若轻起来,至少在表达上,该是多么好。
11、浅浅的睡眠,沉沉的梦幻。醒来,你已在彼岸。
12、年华里, 我们失去的是种心情。
13、你在的时候,你是一切,你不在的时候,一切是你。
14、你永远也看不到我最寂寞时候的样子,因为只有你不在我身边的时候,我才最寂寞。
15、那些执念,那样的旧时光,一晃就过去了。
16、回忆是一座桥,通往寂寞的牢。
17、风空空洞洞地吹过。一年又这么过去。而来年,还要这么过去。我不知道是安稳的背后隐藏着沮丧,还是沮丧里终归有安稳。只是我们,无法找到。
18、朝花夕拾,捡的是枯萎。
19、在那样的电影里,一生就这样过去了。比一朵花开,要来的沉重与短暂。
20、遇到你时,我尚是一张白纸。你不过在纸上写了第一个字,我不过给了一生的情动,心底有了波澜。但我知道波澜总归平静。
21、一些事情渐渐变得淡灭,你知道它存在过,但却已经忘记怎样的存在过 。
22、心若没有栖息的地方,到哪里都是流浪。
23、想爱不能爱才最寂寞,我试着勇敢一点,可我无法面对镜中颤抖的双眼,所以只能跟靠近我的每个人说再见。
24、希望我的手没有弄脏你的手,希望我的心没有伤害你的心。
25、我们都对了还是错了,我们都爱了但是忘了,走的时候你哭了还是怎的,我只是疼了但还是笑了。
26、我颠倒了整个世界,只为摆正你的身影。
27、太阳尚远,但必有太阳。
28、世界之大,我却不知其折或远。
本人在参加英语BEC中级考试取得了不错的`成绩,现把我半年来在准备作文时常用到的一些句型推荐给大家,希望对备考英语BEC的网友有所帮助。
第一部分、BEC作文段首句常用句型:
一、对立观点命题形式的首句:
1. Many people do not doubt that A is superior to B , while others think quite differently on the issue of _____. Personally, I stand on the side of A .
2. Some people say A , other people argue B . In a word , _____. But I cannot agree this point of view for many reasons.
3. There are different views concerning this topic . Some people like to CHOOSE A , some prefer to CHOOSE B . Personally , I prefer B . I think B has more advantages.
4. From my point of view , it is more advisable to CHOOSE A than to CHOOSE B . 5. Despite the fact that most people prefer A , I would like to choose B because the following reasons .
6. In general , I prefer to _____ .
7. As far as I am concerned , I would like to prefer _____ .
8. When it comes to _____ , most people tend to believe A . But others consider B as _____ .
9. When asked about _____ , the vast majority of people would support that A . But others regard B as _____ .
10. At the risk of address the issue too direct , I prefer A because I think that _____ .
11. When asked about _____ , many people give their opinions that _____ , but other people may see _____ differently .
12. When faced with _____ , quite a few would claim that _____ , but others , in contrast , deem _____ as _____ .
13. When inquired about _____ , the vast majority of people would like to _____ , but other people , who hold an opposite view , consider _____ as _____ .
14. When _____ is mentioned _____ , most people believe that _____ , but other people would rather think _____ as _____ .
15. While many people may stick to me idea that _____ , I would like to prefer _____ .
二、单一观点式
A . Agree
1. One of the greatest writers once said that _____ . Now , it still has its significant realistic value .
2. I would follow the reasoning that _____ .
3. Many people advocate that _____ . They claim that _____ . My opinion is the same as theirs in the following reasons .
4. I totally agree with the statement that _____ . The reasons are presented below .
5. After pondering this question on many occasions , I finally reached the conclusion that _____ is something worthy to do and I cannot skip it .
6. my arguments for point are listed as follows.
7. I agree with the above statement because _____ .
8. Nowhere in the world has the issue of _____ been so much debated like in our society .
9. I agree with the statement that _____ without reservation because _____ . 10. Thinking logically , I can only say that the title statement is valid because _____ .
11. I fully support the statement above because I am very sure that _____ .
12. Some may hold the opinion that AAA . But others have a negative attitude . As far as I am concerned , I agree that _____ .
13. Many one have the idea that AAA . However , many others disagree with this argument . But both side of the problem whether _____ are supported by good reasons .
14. Recently , it has been much debated over the problem of AAA . Those who object to AAA announce that _____ . But those who favor AAA utter a sonorous voice that _____ .
15. Recently , there is vehement discussion on the issue of _____ . Those who criticize _____ argue that _____ . They claim that _____ . But people who firmly advocate _____ , on the other hand , argue that _____ .
16. There is a much-debated problem today about _____ . Those who object to _____ argue that _____ . They are very sure about _____ . But people who prefer _____ , on the other hand , claim that _____ .
B . Disagree
1. Until recently , _____ was viewed as _____ . But people are taking a fresh look at it .
2. Recently , we often hear about _____ . But is it ?
3. These days , it is often heard about _____ . But is this really the truth ?
4. I feel such an attitude is negative , and that it can bring _____.
5. Some people argue as if it is a general truth that _____ . But to be frank , I cannot agree with them for the flowing reasons .
6. Despite the fact that many people believe that _____ , I doubt whether the argument can bear much analysis .
7. Although some people hold the opinion that _____ , I wonder whether the argument could bear close examination .
8. In the nationwide , discussion , many people argue that _____ . But I can say nothing but _____ .
9. Advocates of AAA proclaim that _____ , but I _____ .
10. Until recently , _____ was regarded as _____ . But _____ .
11. Some people think that _____ , but I disagree with this opinion for numerous reasons , as presented below .
12. Now , it is increasingly mentioned that _____ . Such people think _____ . But I can only cast doubt on whether _____ .
13. Now , it is widely believed that _____ . These people think _____ . But I wonder if _____ .
14. I cannot totally the idea that _____ . Because , in my point of view , I believe _____ .
15. As a matter of fact , I support that _____ , but I cannot agree with the title statement .
16. Nowadays , it is widely held that _____ . People of this kind think _____ .But I doubt whether _____ .
第二部分、BEC作文常用结尾句:
1. Taking into account of all these factors , we may reach the conclusion that_____ .
2. All reliable evidences point to one saying , that is _____ .
3. For the reasons presented above , I strongly commit to the notion that _____ .
4. While it is true that _____ , I think that _____ .
5. Given the factors I have just outlined , I can only say that _____ .
6. This is not to say that _____ . But in terms of _____ , it is _____ .
7. Therefore , it is easy to draw the conclusion that _____ .
8. Recognizing the fact that _____ should drive us to conclude that _____ .
9. To put all into a nutshell , I _____ .
10. In a word , I support the statement that it is better to _____ because Good stuff! Wonder why there are so few hits.
一下车,我就迫不及待地跑在了最前面。哇!这里的空气太新鲜了,简直就是神仙居住的地方,难怪这里叫神仙居!神仙居里树虽然多,但是我走了一会还是热得满头大汗了。走了二十分钟左右,我们来到了一片茂盛的.衫树林。杉树林里的杉树特别奇怪,种下去是一棵,可到上面一点就长成了两棵,你说奇不奇怪?当我们走到一个石头砌成的小桥旁时,我看到桥上有一个牌子,上面写着:睡美人,旁边还有一个箭头指着远处的山峰。我顺着箭头的方向看到了一个睡美人:头靠在岩石上,身子是两座连接在一起的山峰,这个睡美人栩栩如生,真像!最后,我们又走了一段路就回来了。快到出口的时候,我看到下面的小溪里竟然还有水,我高兴极了,因为我已经汗流浃背了。我马上跑下去,洗了洗脸。哇!水好凉啊!于是我有冲了冲脚。这时,爸爸叫我快点上来,可我舍不得离开,再三请求也无济于事,最后才恋恋不舍地离开了。
神仙居真是好地方,以后有空我还要去,因为那里空气清新!
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