Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
15.下列表述符合原文意思的一项是:(2分
A.世界上最长、最快的高速铁路干线是武汉到广州的高铁客运专线。
B.世界各国都在大力推进铁路的高速化,旨在减少废气排放,节约石油资源。
C.从武汉到广州,如果你坐在“和谐号”列车六号车厢,那么,你就是坐在动车车厢内。
D.为了防止高速列车行进在弯道时造成脱轨事故,在路轨的设计上采取了尽量提高PQ值的技术措施。
16.第⑤至⑨自然段介绍了高速铁路的特别要求,其中⑦至⑨三段各介绍了哪一个方面的要求?(3分
17.第③段中的画线句子运用了哪些说明方法?有什么作用?(3分
18.高速铁路“将改变人们的地理概念和生活方式”。高铁现已修到我们家乡,它将给我们的生活带来哪些新的变化?(至少答出两点(3分
今年南京市中考语文试卷,体现“在关注生活中学会思考”的理念。
首先,整份试卷的选材凸现了“人与生活”的`主题,语基部分的“住”、文言文阅读的“食”、小说阅读的“行”、非连续文本的“衣”,都反映日常的生活。更直接体现理念的是作文题“让我想一想”。
首先,审题的难度较小。此题选用了学生最常见的直接命题形式,没有任何附加条件,甚至没有导语,因为“让我想一想”就是人们耳熟能详的口头语,也是学生的常用语,无需任何辅助条件即可理解。在什么样的情况下我们需要“想一想”呢?遇到某个问题,某件事或处于某种情境之中,这是日常学习生活中的一种常态经历。为什么要“想一想”呢?俗话说,磨刀不误砍柴工,停下来想一想,是为了寻求更好的答案,找到更好的方法。停下来“想一想”是让我们明白独立而深入的思考在学习或生活中的不可或缺。对学生而言,尽管思维活动几乎随时随地都在发生,是学生最熟悉的生活现象,但也是容易被人忽略的问题。
如果说去年的作文题力图引导学生关爱他人,为人着想,偏重于情感的培育,今年的题目则立足思考,体悟生活,既重感性,又重理性。其次,选材的空间很宽。“思考”的行为是离不开生活的,因为思考的内容常常就是生活本身。无论是家庭生活、学校生活或者社会生活,都值得用心“想一想”,于是,可“想”的问题,也就成了学生自由选择的广阔天地。题目力求引导学生不要只忙于题海,而忽视了对我们身边的人、事、物的思考,对生活的体悟。在紧张繁忙的学习生活里,有时我们要学会停下来,静一静,想一想。总之,今年的南京市中考语文试卷力求引导学生关注世界,思考人生,体悟生活,对提高学生的人文情怀与语文素养,都有积极的意义。
语文:稳中微调,关注“课本和生活”
如果说今年的语文中考卷是一只飞翔的小鸟,那么,课本和生活就是它的两个翅膀。
首先,在继承传统中体现稳中微调。试卷采用积累与运用、阅读、写作三大板块,形式与去年一样;全卷阅读总量5000字左右,与去年基本相同;题量为18题(含作文,也与去年一致,给学生留足阅读、思考的时间。从题型上看,所选材料多在课本中学过,在生活中见过,在平时学习、复习时练过。学生拿到试卷,会有熟悉感、亲切感。从导向上看,试卷选用老舍《骆驼祥子》中的《车夫老马》作为小说阅读素材,在去年考查《童年》的基础上,继续引导学生阅读名著。
试卷的“微调”主要有两处:一是将字音字形题调整为全卷的第1题,且改为选择题,降低了难度。二是将古诗的考查放到“非连续性文本”中,有利于学生利用相关材料进一步理解古诗内容。
第二,在联系课本中关注实际学情。试卷选材有的直接来自课本。如填写诗文名句、出处或作者,解释古文中加点词的意思。有的灵活运用课本。如从语文课本中选几篇鲁迅先生的文章汇编成集。有的在课本的基础上有所拓展。如第5题的素材选自萧乾的《北京城杂忆》,而课文《吆喝》也出自这本书;与课文同出处的还有古文,文言文阅读材料《养生》与课文《记承天寺夜游》都出自苏轼的《东坡志林》,且语言风格一致。
第三,在贴近生活中考查语文能力。试卷以“人与生活”为主线。在“积累与运用”部分考查用比喻句描写初中校园,给“搭棚的”下定义,选用建筑学家梁思成的作品集为例,这是突出一个“住”字;古文选用苏轼关于“养生”的,体现一个“食”字;《车夫老马》与“行”相关;非连续性文本则围绕“衣”字组材。可见,试卷引
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
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