从一人、一事、一物生发开去,从一滴水中可以见太阳。有些材料看起来似乎很平常,但其含义却具有普遍性、典型性。所以,考生应当掌握从一点到全面,从个别到一般,从常见的现象中发掘深刻意义的方法。如2010年高考语文江苏卷作文“绿色生活”可以写环保,但这是大多数考生在第一时间内的第一思维,如果仅从此角度写,很容易人云亦云,造成撞车。如果通过写乡村自然静谧的田园生活,化大为小,仔细描写乡土人情,写出充满乡间气息的古朴的自然风光,激起人们对乡间绿色生活回归的***,那将会收到引人入胜的效果。还可以更妙趣一点,抓住“吃”等日常生活来写,写现在人们生活水平提高了,在“吃”上越来越讲究了,越来越精了,天上飞的、地上爬的、水中游的,什么都吃,而疾病也越来越多,因而提倡一种绿色生活的良好习惯,这样可以起到“四两拨千斤”的效果。若要立意更深刻些,可将“绿色”看做喻体,“绿色生活”就是一种健康朴实平和的生活,“绿色生活”喻指一种淡泊的人生态度。面对当今社会经济转型期,竞争压力不断加大,人心浮躁,感到前途迷茫,自***、他***的事件层出不穷,对此呼唤人们过一种没有世俗污染的自然的生活,崇尚生活的本真,享受人间真情真爱的“绿色生活”。这样的立意就更高远,必能引起阅卷者的青睐。
有些材料不一定新鲜,但如果考生能别出心裁,从另一角度进行开拓,也能提出新的见解、新的观点。运用发散思维,能开拓思路,扩展视野;运用逆向思维,则能推陈出新。2010年高考语文安徽卷作文以诗“交流四水抱城斜,散作千溪遍万家。深处种菱浅种稻,不深不浅种荷花”为材料。可根据的后两句体现“因地制宜”的规律,联想到因人制宜、因事制宜、因文制宜,因国制宜,因楼制宜,因价制宜等。也可从水的角度构思,水抱城郭,深处可种菱,浅出可种稻,不深不浅处可种荷花,无水的岸边可住人家。水有上善之德,泰勒说:“水是万物本源。”水影响了整个生态和世界的变迁,由此还可以联想到一切作为本源的东西,如炎黄、风***、儒家文化圈等。还可从美的角度立意,本诗用明白简练的语言描绘了吴兴的美景,“美”是从阅读整诗的感受的角度提炼出来的哲理。马克思主义美学观认为“美是主客体的和谐统一”,即“和谐为美”。可以联想五官和谐之美、自然和谐之美、人际和谐之美、国家和谐之美、和谐世界理念。不和谐的是强拆、污染、贸易战争、世界霸权等。
五、通过事理,引申一步
同一个材料可从不同的角度引申事理,要在一般人的思路共集处的基础上,引申一步,提出更新更深的观点。如2010年高考语文上海卷作文材料是“丹麦人钓鱼”的故事和孟子关于捕鱼的论述,素材表达的核心思想是“可持续发展”。材料中的“鱼”可以是自然资源的借代,也可以是一切资源的借喻。那么,可持续的就不仅仅是自然界,还可以是人类自身,是孩子,是自我,是社会,甚至世界本身。材料中的丹麦人、孟子,尺子、渔网,小鱼、大鱼都可以成为构思角度。若从小鱼的角度构思,对渔网和人们心目中的尺寸做反思,呼吁给予它们成长的空间,以便发展、壮大,引申开来可以谈青少年的成长,呼吁给予青少年成长更宽松、自由的空间,谈创新产品的孵化,谈新型文化的命运等,更容易给人以启迪。再如2010年高考语文广东卷作文“与你为邻”,“你”,可以是身边的朋友、同学、同事、领导、孩子、同龄人、长辈等;可以是非身边的,历史上的、社会生活中与自己有一定距离的、文学艺术中的、未来时空中的人物,如苏轼、李清照、洪战辉、丛飞、保尔、林黛玉、甚至是火星人等等;还可以是一种主义、一种信仰、一种理想、一种信念、一种关系、一种意识等。可以从“与你为邻,让我学会了如何做事;与你为邻,让我懂得了如何做人”“与你为邻,说出真话。与你为邻,给出善意。与你为邻,找出美感”“寻找真邻;寻找善邻;寻找美邻”等方面立意。通过事理,做进一步联想,并引申发生开去、会从文题中提炼出好的观点。
英语作文(2观点论述类
People from differentbackgrounds would put different interpretations on the samecase.
不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towardsthe issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It isquite understandable that views on this issue vary from person toperson.
俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
To this issue, different people come up with variousattitudes.
对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goeswithout saying that...
万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________。
When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but otherpeople regard ...as ....
提到_________问题,很多人认为_________,不过,一些人则认为______是____.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., butother people think as...
提到_________问题,仅少数人认为________,但另一些人则认为_________。
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of ....There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,butpeople who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...
目前,_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______,他们认为_______,不过,另一方面,赞同_______的人则认为_________。
Some people are of the opinion that..
有些人认为_____________。
Many people claim that...
很多人认为_____________。
A majority of 绝大多数
A large number of 很多人
Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处。
Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of thecities.
觉得_____的人认为,______ 城市的经济发展。
Some people advocate that ....
有些人在坚持认为_________。
They hold that ... 他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons(grounds
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing highpraise of it.
那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.
强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
Many people would claim that...
有人会认为___________。
People who support ... give some or all of the followingreasons.
那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因:________。
But others hold the view that ...但是,另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词:Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take, have, come up with,setforth, put forward等。
But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people whostrongly advocate that..,.不过,另一方面,也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...
不过,另一方面,________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a differentview concerning this case.然而,很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词:Issue, phenomenon,后接介词, on, over等。
However, some others argue that... 然而,另一些人则认为_________。
However, there are also some others who contend that...
然而,也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argumentconcerning this case.不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.
有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...
另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ...rather than...
根据我的.个性以及兴趣,我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter (former opinion...
就我个人而言,我支持后者(前者___________。
Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.
就我个人而言,我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh thedrawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings我认为,优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..
就我而言,我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of thelatter view.
在我看来,我较同意后一种观点。
After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of thelatter view that...
经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即________________________。
If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...
如果真的需要作出选择,我宁愿____________。
展现问题篇
问题的常用词:question, problem, issue
Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into publicfocus.
近来,_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities andinnovations, and great changes
have taken place in people’sattitude towards some traditional practice.
现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代,很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in thelimelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来,是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heateddiscussion all over the country.______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Bothsides have their merits.
目前,一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实,两种观点都其可取之处。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversialissue.
对于这种极具争议的话题,我们很难作出绝对的回答。
People from different backgrounds would put differentinterpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towardsthe issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It isquite understandable that views on this issue vary from person toperson.
俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
To this issue, different people come up with variousattitudes.
对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goeswithout saying that...
万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________。
When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but otherpeople regard ...as ....
提到_________问题,很多人认为_________,不过,一些人则认为______是____.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., butother people think as...
提到_________问题,仅少数人认为________,但另一些人则认为_________。
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of ....There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,butpeople who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...
目前,_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______,他们认为_______,不过,另一方面,赞同_______的人则认为_________。
Some people are of the opinion that..
有些人认为_____________。
Many people claim that...
很多人认为_____________。
A majority of 绝大多数
A large number of 很多人
Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处。
Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of thecities.
觉得_____的人认为,______ 城市的经济发展。
Some people advocate that ....
有些人在坚持认为_________。
They hold that ... 他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons(grounds
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing highpraise of it.
那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.
强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
Many people would claim that...
有人会认为___________。
People who support ... give some or all of the followingreasons.
那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因:________。
But others hold the view that ...但是,另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词:Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take, have, come up with,setforth, put forward等。
But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people whostrongly advocate that..,.不过,另一方面,也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...
不过,另一方面,________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a differentview concerning this case.然而,很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词:Issue, phenomenon,后接介词, on, over等。
However, some others argue that... 然而,另一些人则认为_________。
However, there are also some others who contend that...
然而,也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argumentconcerning this case.不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.
有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...
另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ...rather than...
根据我的个性以及兴趣,我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter (former opinion...
就我个人而言,我支持后者(前者___________。
Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.
就我个人而言,我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh thedrawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings我认为,优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..
就我而言,我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of thelatter view.
在我看来,我较同意后一种观点。 After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of thelatter view that... 经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即________________________。 If asked to make a decision, I would prefer... 如果真的需要作出选择,我宁愿____________。
上学的时候天天享受着爸爸妈妈的照顾,饭来张口,衣来身手,从今天开始,我要做十天家务活,减轻妈妈的负担。
首先,我用水把布子摆湿,我看见茶机上有许多的灰,就一点一点的擦干净,再把布子摆一次,就开始擦桌子,桌子擦完,我累的满头大汗,气喘吁吁,一不作,二不休,我又开始擦窗台,这窗台的灰可真多呀!我又把学习桌上的书本收拾得整整齐齐。最后,我又开始扫地,地下的灰更多,我差不多扫地用二十分钟,扫不的地方就用拖布拖,一个地方一个地方的拖,拖好一阵子,终于拖得干干净净。看着这明晃晃的地板,我心里乐开花。想到妈妈都要做这些家务,今天我终于体验到妈妈的辛苦。
妈妈看到这明晃晃的地板,心情一下子开心起来,妈妈对我说:“儿子长大,可以帮妈妈分担一些家务活,真棒。”我听更开心。
我以后一定要多干些家务活,虽然自己满头大汗,但能帮妈妈分担家务劳动,换来妈妈的夸奖,我非常开心。
父母的爱是伟大的,他们一直在为我操劳。以前是我们小,还不懂得孝敬父母,可现在,我们应该孝敬父母,报答他们为我们所做的一切。“可怜天下父母心啊”我这做儿子的心里乐开一朵争奇斗艳的花。
我们徘徊在生活的“半山腰”上。这条山路坎坷难行,荆棘遍地。我们总是朝着下山路迈开步子,走向属于我们我们群体,走向属于我们的地方。如同那群随波逐流的小鱼们,毫无方向,漫无目的。可就是没有尝试着,向着崎岖、坎坷的山路攀登一下。感受在山顶“一览众山小”的感觉。而在人生的征途中,往往就有一些人能在困难和挫折中取得成就,那是因为困境能磨练出强者,能产生一中向上拼搏的动力!
就像那条不服气,不甘心的小鱼,它不一味地遵循自然规律,它欲想打破自然规则。
它想:为什么,它们为什么一定要成群结队的游?它们为什么一定顺着下游游?为什么……鱼儿太疑惑了,太不服了,太好奇了。终于,从它心中喷发出了一个信念:我要“逆向而行”!我要“打破常规”……
在生活中的我们,不能在逆境中快乐,因为我们不去尝试,不去突破。因而,生活给我们的是单调,是乏味的。所以,不管鱼儿最终是怎样的结局,它也是一条“精彩的鱼”。
想想我们也是一样啊,我们除了要越过坎坷,走过平坦,还要铲除荆棘,将泪擦干,试着突破自己,逆向而行。最终在撒满星星的天空下,凭着一颗不哭泣,勇敢的心。感受真正成功的感觉。
鱼儿的坚持不懈,鱼儿的突破自我,都是值得我们的学习的。我们要与时俱进,打破常规,攻克一切堡垒。突破、向前,生活带给我们的困难,我们要用自信去“包容”它!
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