Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
我叫虎鲸,是齿鲸中的一种,也是最凶猛的海洋动物之一,因此,人们给我取了许多绰号:恶鲸、***手鲸等。
我的体形很大,呈纺锤形,长约有600-1000厘米,重约有5000-8000公斤,非常强壮有力。体色黑白分明,背部大都是漆黑色的,腹部大部分是白色的,在两眼后各有一块梭形的白斑,在三角形背鳍后面有一个马鞍形灰白色斑。
我们喜欢成群结队地栖息在0度至13度的水域里。我们的猎物主要是海兽,在我的部族里,曾有一头一次吃掉过13只海豚和14只海豹的“虎鲸英雄”。有时,我还会用一些“诡计”来捕猎:先将自己的腹部朝上,一动不动地躺在水面上,像一具死尸,当猎物接近时,我就会突然翻过身来,张开大嘴,把他们吞掉,
我是鲸类中的“语言大师”,能发出62种不同的声音。在捕食鱼类时,我会发出断断续续的“咋嚏”声,就像用力拉扯生锈铁门窗发出的声音,鱼群听到声音后,吓呆了,乖乖地呆在原地,成了我的美餐。
我虽说是凶猛贪食的海中巨兽,却很少伤害人类,是人类的“好朋友”。我在水族馆里被人类饲养、驯化,表演各种精彩的节目。我现在成为美国海军水下作战中心动物部队的一员,执行水下深潜、导航、排雷等工作。
哦,对了,忘了告诉你们,我是哺乳动物,是靠妈妈的奶喂大的,以后大家可不要叫我鲸鱼了。
Hi!大家好,我就是大名鼎鼎的海中之虎――虎鲸。要说起我,可能有些人不了解,现在我就来告诉大家吧!
我的真实名字是逆戟鲸,又名***人鲸,虎鲸是我的学名。类属:哺乳纲;鲸目:海豚科。身长6-10米,体重达4-8吨。
很多人说我们是鱼类,于是叫我们“鲸鱼”。那就错了,我们的祖先是生活在陆地上的哺乳动物,跟牛羊一样。因为环境发生变化,我们生活在浅海里,又过了很长一段时间,我们的四肢退化,适应了海洋的生活。
我们的上下颚长着两排圆锥形的尖牙,有40-50颗左右,每颗长约8厘米,可以轻易地撕裂、切碎猎物。
我身上的黑色和白色是天然的伪装色,当小鱼从上面游过,它们很难辨出下面是海底还是我们的脊背。相反,如果小鱼从我们下面游过,我们的白肚皮又与天混为一色,猎物很难发现我们。
我们还是潜水冠军呢!一头成年的逆戟鲸能在水下呆4-6分钟,有的甚至长达12分钟。我们能潜入海底100-350米的地方去捕捉猎物。
我们的食物对象肯定让你大吃一惊:鱼类、企鹅、海豹、海象、鲨鱼、须鲸,可见我们的“饭量”,真是“不看不知道,一看吓一跳”!呵呵!
我们从不主动向人类进攻,而且聪明伶俐,乐于跟人相处,稍加训练,便可做各种表演,可见我们具有很好的记忆能力。
好了,说了这么多,该说再见了。再见!拜拜!
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